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All Journal Journal of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacy (JECP)
Ildah Amaliah
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Dentistry Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health

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Antibacterial Activity of Hand Sanitizer Spray Containing Green Betel Leaf (Piper betle L.) Extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Marwati Marwati; Siti Mujayana; Zahwa Adiyanti; Siti Nur Afni; Muhammad Sholeh; Ildah Amaliah; Muh Erwin; Nur Khairi
Journal of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacy (JECP) Vol 6, No 2 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52365/jecp.v6i2.1672

Abstract

Green betel (Piper betle L.) leaf has traditionally been used as a medicinal plant and is known to contain various bioactive compounds with antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial properties, including flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, essential oils, and terpenoids. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate the antibacterial effectiveness of a hand sanitizer spray containing active isolates of P. betle leaves against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. P. betle leaves were extracted using the sonication method with 96% ethanol as solvent. The compounds were separated using conventional chromatography and characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Antibacterial activity was evaluated at concentrations of 1%, 1.5%, and 2% using the inhibition zone method. The most active isolate was subsequently formulated into a hand sanitizer sprays. The results showed that a yellow isolate (10 mg) was obtained from P. betle leaves. FTIR characterization indicated the presence of OH, CH, C=O, and sp² CH functional groups. The antibacterial activity test demonstrated that the 1% isolate concentration produced the largest inhibition zone, measuring 9.97 mm against P. aeruginosa and 10.6 mm against S. aureus. The formulated hand sanitizer spray exhibited significantly higher inhibition zones of 19.37 mm against P. aeruginosa and 20.9 mm against S. aureus, while also meeting acceptable physical stability parameters. These findings suggest that green betel leaf isolate has potential as a natural antibacterial agent in hand sanitizer sprays.
Co-Authors Khairi, Nur Marwati Marwati Muh Erwin Muhammad Sholeh Siti Mujayana Siti Nur Afni Zahwa Adiyanti