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Mengenal Kontrak Kerja Konstruksi Pemerintah Dalam Ranah Hukum Keperdataan Melkianus Ndaomanu; Frengky Ndaomanu; Dian Nustanti Ndaomanu
Nalar Bhinneka: Jurnal Humaniora Vol. 1 No. 02 (2026): Nalar Bhinneka: Jurnal Humaniora
Publisher : PT. Panca Publishing Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.67315/nalarbhinneka.v1i02.113

Construction work contracts are legal instruments that play an important role in regulating the relationship between construction service users and providers. This study aims to analyze the position of construction work contracts from a civil law perspective, the application of contractual principles, and the legal protection of parties involved in construction agreements. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches through literature studies of legal regulations, legal references, and previous studies. The results indicate that construction work contracts function not only as administrative documents but also as the basis of legal relations that establish rights, obligations, and responsibilities among parties. The implementation of contractual principles, including freedom of contract, consensualism, pacta sunt servanda, good faith, and balance between parties, is essential in ensuring legal certainty. Nevertheless, construction contracts still encounter various legal issues, such as breach of contract, project delays, work modifications, and disputes regarding responsibilities. Therefore, clear and balanced contract arrangements are necessary to provide legal protection and support successful infrastructure development.

Kegagalan Bangunan Pekerjaan Konstruksi Pemerintah Dan Tanggungjawab Kontraktual Penyedia Jasa Konstruksi Melkianus Ndaomanu; Frengky Ndaomanu; Dian Nustanti Ndaomanu
Nalar Bhinneka: Jurnal Humaniora Vol. 1 No. 03 (2026): Nalar Bhinneka: Jurnal Humaniora
Publisher : PT. Panca Publishing Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.67315/nalarbhinneka.v1i03.114

Building failure in government construction projects is a legal issue involving technical, contractual, and liability aspects among parties involved in construction services. This study aims to analyze the position of government construction contracts from a civil law perspective, the contractual responsibilities of construction service users and providers regarding building failure, and efforts to strengthen legal certainty in resolving such issues. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches through literature studies of regulations, legal references, and previous studies. The results indicate that construction contracts serve as the foundation of legal relationships that establish rights, obligations, and responsibilities among the parties. Liability for building failure cannot be automatically imposed on one party but must be determined based on contractual provisions, the causes of failure, and the causal relationship between actions or negligence and resulting losses. Strengthening legal certainty can be achieved through comprehensive contract arrangements, proportional risk allocation, and the implementation of contractual law principles in construction dispute resolution.

Peningkatan Literasi Hukum Masyarakat tentang Sengketa Proses Pemilu Oesapa Selatan Filmon M. Polin; Melkianus Ndaomanu; Yanto M.P. Ekon; Christian Daniel Manu
Medani : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): Desember 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Riset Ilmiah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59086/jpm.v4i3.2330

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilatarbelakangi oleh masih terbatasnya pemahaman masyarakat Kelurahan Oesapa Selatan, Kecamatan Kelapa Lima, Kota Kupang, mengenai jenis sengketa proses Pemilu, kewenangan lembaga penyelesaian sengketa, serta prosedur penyelesaiannya. Kondisi tersebut dapat menghambat partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengawasan Pemilu secara sadar hukum. Kegiatan ini bertujuan meningkatkan literasi hukum masyarakat mengenai mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa proses Pemilu. Kegiatan dilaksanakan melalui penyuluhan hukum partisipatif dengan metode ceramah, diskusi, dan tanya jawab. Peserta berjumlah 40 orang yang terdiri atas tokoh masyarakat, ketua RT/RW, pemilih atau masyarakat umum, pemuda/karang taruna, dan perangkat kelurahan. Evaluasi dilakukan melalui pre-test, post-test, dan angket sikap peserta. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan nilai rata-rata pemahaman dari 57,25 pada pre-test menjadi 84,75 pada post-test, atau meningkat 27,50 poin (48,03%). Evaluasi sikap memperoleh rata-rata 4,47 dengan kategori sangat baik. Temuan ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman dan sikap peserta setelah mengikuti penyuluhan. Namun, karena evaluasi tidak menggunakan kelompok pembanding, hasil tersebut tidak dimaksudkan untuk membuktikan efektivitas kausal kegiatan. Penyuluhan ini berkontribusi positif sebagai upaya edukatif dalam memperkuat literasi hukum dan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap penyelesaian sengketa proses Pemilu. This community service activity was motivated by the limited understanding among residents of Oesapa Selatan Village, Kelapa Lima District, Kupang City, regarding the types of electoral process disputes, the authority of dispute resolution institutions, and the applicable resolution procedures. This condition may hinder community participation in electoral monitoring based on legal awareness. The activity aimed to improve community legal literacy concerning mechanisms for resolving electoral process disputes. The activity employed a participatory legal counseling approach through lectures, discussions, and question-and-answer sessions. A total of 40 participants took part, consisting of community leaders, neighborhood representatives, voters or general citizens, youth groups, and village officials. Evaluation was conducted using pre-tests, post-tests, and participant attitude questionnaires. The results showed an increase in the mean understanding score from 57.25 in the pre-test to 84.75 in the post-test, representing an increase of 27.50 points (48.03%). The attitude evaluation obtained a mean score of 4.47, categorized as very good. These findings indicate improvements in participants’ understanding and attitudes following the counseling activity. However, because the evaluation did not include a comparison group, the results do not establish a causal effect of the activity. The counseling therefore provides a positive educational contribution to strengthening legal literacy and community awareness regarding electoral process dispute resolution.

Edukasi Hukum Penyelesaian Sengketa Proses Pemilu bagi Masyarakat Kelurahan Oesapa Filmon M. Polin; Melkianus Ndaomanu; Yanto M.P. Ekon; Christian Daniel Manu
Medani : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Agustus 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Riset Ilmiah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59086/jpm.v5i2.2332

Penyelesaian sengketa proses Pemilu merupakan bagian penting dalam menjaga integritas dan kualitas demokrasi. Namun, keterbatasan pemahaman masyarakat mengenai jenis sengketa, lembaga yang berwenang, serta mekanisme penyelesaiannya dapat menjadi hambatan dalam penggunaan jalur hukum secara tepat. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan meningkatkan pemahaman hukum masyarakat Kelurahan Oesapa mengenai tata cara penyelesaian sengketa proses Pemilu. Metode kegiatan dilakukan melalui edukasi hukum dengan pendekatan partisipatif menggunakan metode ceramah, diskusi, dan tanya jawab. Materi yang diberikan meliputi jenis sengketa proses Pemilu, kewenangan Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum (Bawaslu), serta mekanisme penyelesaian melalui musyawarah, mediasi, dan adjudikasi. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat mengenai klasifikasi sengketa proses Pemilu dan prosedur penyelesaiannya berdasarkan ketentuan hukum yang berlaku. Edukasi hukum ini berkontribusi dalam memperkuat literasi hukum masyarakat serta mendorong partisipasi demokrasi yang lebih sadar hukum dan bertanggung jawab. The resolution of electoral process disputes is an important element in maintaining democratic integrity and quality. However, limited public understanding of dispute types, authorized institutions, and settlement mechanisms can hinder the proper use of legal procedures. This community service activity aimed to improve the legal understanding of the Oesapa community regarding electoral process dispute resolution procedures. The activity was conducted through legal education using a participatory approach involving lectures, discussions, and question-and-answer sessions. The materials covered types of electoral process disputes, the authority of the Election Supervisory Body (Bawaslu), and dispute resolution mechanisms through consensus, mediation, and adjudication. The results showed an improvement in community understanding of electoral process dispute classifications and their legal settlement procedures. This legal education activity contributed to strengthening community legal literacy and encouraging more law-aware and responsible democratic participation.

Penyuluhan Hukum Sistem Peradilan Anak bagi Masyarakat Desa Tualene Filmon M. Polin; Angela Merici Minggu; Yuda D. Hawu Haba; Alfred G. O. Kase; Melkianus Ndaomanu
Medani : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Agustus 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Riset Ilmiah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59086/jpm.v5i2.2331

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan kesadaran hukum masyarakat Desa Tualene, Kecamatan Biboki Utara, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara mengenai Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak (SPPA), khususnya terkait hak anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum, mekanisme diversi, dan pendekatan restorative justice. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan menggunakan pendekatan community legal education melalui tahapan persiapan, penyuluhan hukum, diskusi interaktif, studi kasus, serta evaluasi menggunakan instrumen pre-test, post-test, dan angket sikap peserta. Kegiatan diikuti oleh 40 peserta yang terdiri atas orang tua/wali anak, perangkat desa, tokoh masyarakat/agama, guru/tenaga pendidikan, dan pemuda. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman peserta dengan nilai rata-rata pre-test sebesar 56,75 meningkat menjadi 84,50 pada post-test, atau mengalami peningkatan sebesar 48,90%. Evaluasi sikap menunjukkan nilai rata-rata kepuasan peserta sebesar 4,50 dengan kategori sangat baik. Kegiatan ini juga mendorong perubahan perspektif masyarakat bahwa anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum perlu mendapatkan perlindungan, pembinaan, dan pemulihan, bukan semata-mata hukuman. Penyuluhan hukum berbasis komunitas terbukti menjadi strategi efektif dalam memperkuat literasi hukum masyarakat dan mendukung implementasi Sistem Peradilan Anak. This community service activity aimed to improve the legal understanding and awareness of the Tualene Village community, Biboki Utara District, Timor Tengah Utara Regency, regarding the Juvenile Criminal Justice System, particularly children's rights in conflict with the law, diversion mechanisms, and restorative justice approaches. The activity employed a community legal education approach through several stages, including preparation, legal counseling, interactive discussions, case studies, and evaluation using pre-test, post-test, and participant attitude questionnaires. The activity involved 40 participants consisting of parents/guardians, village officials, community and religious leaders, teachers/educators, and youth representatives. The results showed an improvement in participants’ understanding, with the average pre-test score increasing from 56.75 to 84.50 in the post-test, representing a 48.90% increase. The attitude evaluation indicated an overall satisfaction score of 4.50, categorized as very good. The activity also encouraged a shift in community perspectives, emphasizing that children in conflict with the law require protection, guidance, and restoration rather than merely punishment. Community-based legal counseling is an effective strategy for strengthening legal literacy and supporting the implementation of the Juvenile Justice System.

International Legal Protection of the Traditional Fishing Rights of Indonesian Fishermen in Australia’s Fishing Zone Around Ashmore Reef Yanto M.P. Ekon; Melkianus Ndaomanu; Alfred Kase; Ellon B. Mau; Rian Van Frits Kapitan
Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum Vol 13, No 2 (2026): Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum
Publisher : UNISSULA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26532/jph.v13i2.47817

Indonesian traditional fishermen have been fishing in the Australian fishing zone since the early 1700s, and in 1974 Australia recognized this fishing right around Ashmore Reef, Cartier Islet, Scott Reef, Seringapatam Reef, and Browse Islet based on the MOU Box 1974, the MOU Concerning the Implementation of a Provisional Fisheries Surveillance and Enforcement Arrangement 1981, and the Agreed Minutes 1989. However, Australia has continued to arrest Indonesian fishermen exercising this right. This study analyzes why Indonesian fishermen fish in the Australian fishing zone, why Australia continues to arrest them despite having granted recognition, and what form of legal protection Indonesia should provide. This is normative legal research based on a study of documents international agreements, books, journals, and prior research as secondary data, analyzed qualitatively. The results show that Indonesian fishermen possess a traditional fishing right because the activity has been carried out from generation to generation and satisfies the elements of Article 51(1) of the 1982 UNCLOS, while Australia arrests them because Australia converted the zone into a national marine park, Indonesia and Australia define traditional fishing gear in a manner inconsistent with fishermen’s needs, and both countries have sought to stop the activity. Indonesia therefore needs to restore this traditional fishing right and establish a clear and appropriate definition of traditional fishing gear that matches fishermen’s needs and technological development.

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