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All Journal Education & Learning Toga Jurnal Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan
Wendi Hati Tafonao
Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara
Education Social Sciences

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Persepsi Siswa Terhadap Efektivitas Metode Ceramah dan Diskusi dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Sejarah di Kelas XI SMA Negeri 11 Medan Wendi Hati Tafonao; Muhammad Ricky Hardiyansyah; Surya Aymanda Nababan
Education & Learning Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Medan Resource Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57251/el.v6i2.2137

Abstract

This study discusses students’ perceptions of the effectiveness of the lecture method and discussion method in improving historical understanding among Grade XI students at SMA Negeri 11 Medan. The focus of the study is taken from one of the research questions in the thesis, namely how students assess the effectiveness of both methods in the history learning process. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive-comparative method. Data were obtained through classroom observations, interviews with the history teacher, interviews with Grade XI students, and documentation of learning materials. The results of the study show that the lecture method is perceived as effective in building students’ initial understanding, particularly for historical materials that are factual, chronological, and require systematic explanation from the teacher. Interactive lectures supported by media such as slides, videos, images of historical figures, and maps help students follow the sequence of historical events. However, lectures that are too long may reduce students’ concentration and make them passive. Meanwhile, the discussion method is considered more engaging because it encourages students to exchange ideas, collaborate, develop arguments, and understand the material through social interaction. The challenges in implementing discussions include time management, the dominance of certain students, and uneven participation. These findings indicate that the lecture method and discussion method should be used complementarily in history learning.
Analisis Penerapan Metode Ceramah dan Diskusi dalam Pembelajaran Sejarah di SMA Negeri 11 Medan Wendi Hati Tafonao; Ridho Gilang Amalsyah
Toga Jurnal Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): Agustus 2026
Publisher : Ilmu Bersama Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56211/toga.v3i2.1940

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis penerapan metode ceramah dan metode diskusi dalam pembelajaran sejarah di SMA Negeri 11 Medan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi terhadap satu guru sejarah dan dua belas siswa kelas XI yang dipilih secara purposive. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan pembelajaran disusun berdasarkan Capaian Pembelajaran, karakteristik materi, media pembelajaran, dan kondisi peserta didik. Pelaksanaan pembelajaran memadukan metode ceramah untuk membangun pemahaman dasar dan metode diskusi untuk mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis serta partisipasi peserta didik. Persepsi peserta didik terhadap kedua metode bervariasi sesuai karakteristik belajar masing-masing. Keberhasilan pembelajaran didukung oleh kesiapan guru, penggunaan media yang beragam, serta fasilitas sekolah, sedangkan hambatan meliputi penurunan konsentrasi saat ceramah, keterbatasan waktu diskusi, dan belum meratanya partisipasi peserta didik. Penerapan kedua metode secara terpadu menjadikan pembelajaran sejarah lebih efektif, interaktif, dan bermakna.
Co-Authors Muhammad Ricky Hardiyansyah Ridho Gilang Amalsyah SURYA AYMANDA NABABAN