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Adapting Fiqh al-Aqalliyāt in Japan: Islamic Legal Responses to Muslim Social Life in a Minority Context Ade Dedi Rohayana; Maghfur Ahmad; Taufiqur Rohman; Achmad Gazali
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v25i2.46709

Abstract

The adaptation of fiqh al-aqalliyāt (Islamic jurisprudence for Muslim minorities) poses legal and social challenges for Muslims in non-Muslim majority countries. Japan, with its secular legal system and predominantly non-Muslim society, offers a distinct context to examine how Muslim communities maintain religious practices in a non-supportive environment. This study explores how Muslims in Japan adjust their religious obligations despite limited access to religious facilities, how they reconcile Islamic law with Japanese state law, and how these adjustments influence social integration. Data were gathered through qualitative methods, including in-depth interviews with Muslim community members and leaders in urban areas such as Tokyo, Mito, Koga and Ibaraki. Using the frameworks of legal pluralism and maṣlaḥah-based reasoning, the study reveals that Muslims apply flexible interpretations of fiqh al-aqalliyāt, including time adjustments for prayer, the use of shared spaces for worship, and legal innovations in marriage. These adaptive strategies help sustain religious identity while fostering coexistence. The study concludes that fiqh al-aqalliyāt can serve as a dynamic legal tool to harmonize religious commitments with minority realities, contributing to the broader discourse on Islamic law in global minority contexts.   Abstrak Adaptasi fiqh al-aqalliyāt menghadirkan tantangan signifikan bagi Muslim yang hidup sebagai minoritas di negara non-Muslim. Studi kualitatif ini mengkaji bagaimana komunitas Muslim di Jepang—sebuah negara sekuler dengan sistem hukum dan masyarakat yang khas—mengatasi keterbatasan akses terhadap fasilitas ibadah dan mendamaikan hukum agama dengan hukum negara. Melalui wawancara mendalam dengan anggota komunitas di wilayah perkotaan (termasuk Tokyo dan Ibaraki), penelitian ini menemukan bahwa dengan menggunakan kerangka pluralisme hukum dan pendekatan berbasis maṣlaḥah, Muslim Jepang menerapkan interpretasi fiqh al-aqalliyāt yang fleksibel, seperti penyesuaian waktu salat, penggunaan ruang bersama untuk ibadah, dan inovasi dalam masalah pernikahan. Strategi adaptif ini memungkinkan mereka mempertahankan identitas keagamaan, mendorong integrasi sosial, dan hidup berdampingan secara harmonis, sekaligus menegaskan bahwa fiqh al-aqalliyāt dapat menjadi instrumen hukum yang dinamis untuk menyelaraskan komitmen keagamaan dengan realitas minoritas global.
Green Islamic Philanthropy and Socio-Ecological Sustainability: Integrating Fiqh al-Bi'ah and Fiqh al-Iqtishad in Zakat Management Qurrota A'yun; Ade Dedi Rohayana; Ali Trigiyatno; Susminingsih; Khairul Anwar
Sharia Economic and Management Business Journal (SEMBJ) Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): Sharia Economic and Management Business
Publisher : Yayasan Darussalam Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62159/sembj.v7i3.2567

Abstract

Pekalongan Regency has recently experienced an increase in ecological crises, marked by floods, landslides, and extreme weather, including a major disaster in Petungkriyono in 2025 and various floods in other regions. This condition indicates an increase in environmental vulnerability, affecting the community's socio-economic life and reflecting the disruption of the harmonious relationship between humans and nature. In the Islamic perspective, the crisis is not only understood as a natural phenomenon, but also as an indication of the weakening of ecological consciousness and human responsibility as caliphs. This situation demands transforming zakat governance through a green Islamic philanthropy approach that integrates economic and ecological dimensions simultaneously through the synergy of fiqh al-iqtishad and fiqh al-bi'ah. This study uses a qualitative case study design to examine NU Care-LAZISNU in Pekalongan Regency. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation, then analyzed using an interactive model that included data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results of the study show that the management of Zakat, Infaq, and Alms (ZIS-DSKL) is based on a participatory collection system and tiered distribution, which strengthens social trust and the effectiveness of fund distribution. The program's implementation includes empowering the mustahik economy, providing clean water, developing sanitation, reforestation, and strengthening an environment-based productive economy. Fiqh al-iqtishad plays a role in promoting distributive justice and economic empowerment, while fiqh al-bi'ah serves as the basis for ethical principles in maintaining environmental sustainability. The integration of the two forms a green Islamic philanthropy model that is not only oriented towards poverty alleviation but also towards improving environmental quality. Furthermore, this governance contributes to socio-ecological sustainability by fostering a reciprocal relationship between social welfare and environmental quality. This study concludes that green Islamic philanthropy represents a transformation of zakat governance that integrates fiqh al-iqtishad and fiqh al-bi'ah in a complementary manner, so that zakat functions not only as an instrument of economic redistribution but also as a sustainable development mechanism that connects social justice and environmental sustainability.