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Hubungan riwayat pemberian ASI dan kejadian wasting pada balita: Analisis data SSGI 2022 Yulianty Sanggelorang; Nancy Swanida Henriette Malonda; Maureen Irinne Punuh; Vidya Novita
Hik Vol. 18 No. 12 (2025): Volume 18 Nomor 12
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan-fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/hjk.v18i12.694

Background: One of the nutritional issues arising in toddlers due to inadequate nutrient intake is wasting. Toddlers who experience wasting have relatively thin bodies compared to their height, characterized by a weight-for-height z-score of less than -2 SD. Exclusive breastfeeding is one of the contributing factors to wasting. Purpose: To analyze the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and wasting among toddlers. Method: Quantitative research with a cross-sectional design using secondary data. The study population was all toddlers aged 0-23 months in the Talaud Islands Regency who were included in the census block based on the 2022 SSGI. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis. Results: Based on univariate analysis, toddlers who experienced wasting were 13.1%, toddlers who received colostrum were 88.7%, and those who received exclusive breastfeeding were 56.1%. Based on the bivariate test, the history of colostrum administration with wasting incidents obtained a p value = 0.000 (<0.05) which indicated a relationship between the two variables. Conclusion: Wasting is influenced by various factors including nutritional intake, history of infectious diseases, and completeness of immunization. In addition, colostrum and exclusive breastfeeding have a significant relationship with wasting incidents. Lack of maternal knowledge and family support are also factors that influence the provision of breast milk and colostrum, so increasing education and family support is very important to reduce the prevalence of thinness in toddlers. Keywords: Colostrum; Exclusive Breasting Feeding; Toddlers; Wasting. Pendahuluan: Salah satu masalah gizi yang timbul pada balita dari asupan nutrisi yang tidak memadai adalah wasting. Balita yang menderita wasting akan memiliki tubuh yang relatif kurus dibandingkan dengan tinggi badannya ditandai dengan z-score BB/TB -2 SD. Pemberian ASI eksklusif merupakan salah satu faktor penyebab terjadinya wasting. Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis hubungan pemberian ASI eksklusif dan wasting pada balita. Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif desain cross sectional menggunakan data sekunder. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh balita usia 0-23 bulan di Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud yang masuk dalam blok sensus berdasarkan SSGI 2022. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat. Hasil: Berdasarkan analisis univariat, balita yang mengalami kejadian wasting sebesar 13.1%, balita yang mendapatkan kolostrum 88.7%, dan yang mendapatkan ASI eksklusif 56.1%. Berdasarkan uji bivariat, riwayat pemberian kolostrum dengan kejadian wasting memperoleh nilai p = 0.000 (<0.05), menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara kedua variabel. Simpulan: Wasting dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, termasuk asupan nutrisi, riwayat penyakit infeksi, dan kelengkapan imunisasi. Selain itu, pemberian kolostrum dan ASI eksklusif memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan kejadian wasting. Kurangnya pengetahuan ibu dan dukungan keluarga juga menjadi faktor yang memengaruhi pemberian ASI dan kolostrum, sehingga peningkatan edukasi dan dukungan keluarga sangat penting untuk mengurangi prevalensi wasting pada balita. Kata Kunci: ASI Eksklusif; Balita; Kolostrum; Wasting.

Hubungan antara pemberian makanan pendamping air susu ibu dengan status gizi anak 6-24 bulan Anggun Igir; Maureen Irinne Punuh; Nancy Swanida Henriette Malonda
Hik Vol. 19 No. 8 (2025): Volume 19 Nomor 8
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan-fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/hjk.v19i8.1272

Background: Malnutrition can lead to physical and mental retardation, decreased thinking ability, and increased productivity, as well as increasing the risk of disease and death in children. Malnutrition can be caused by inappropriate provision of complementary foods to meet children's nutritional needs. Purpose: To determine the relationship between complementary feeding and breast milk and the nutritional status of children aged 6-24 months. Method: This was an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The population was 363 children aged 6-24 months, with a total sample size of 86 children. The sampling technique used was a probability sampling with simple random sampling. The instrument used in this study was the Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ) to measure the criteria for complementary feeding. Results: Based on the weight-for-age (W/A) index, 86.0% had normal weight and 11.6% were underweight. Based on the weight-for-height (W/B) index, 84.9% were categorized as well-nourished, and 10.5% were malnourished. In this study, the appropriate provision of complementary feeding was 88.4%, while the inappropriate provision was 11.6%. The bivariate analysis, based on the weight-for-age (W/A) and weight-for-height (W/H) indices, yielded a p-value of 0.000 (p<0.05). This indicates a relationship between the provision of complementary foods and breast milk and the nutritional status of children aged 6-24 months. Conclusion: There is a relationship between the provision of complementary foods and breast milk and the nutritional status of children aged 6-24 months. Suggestion: Complementary foods should be provided according to the child's age, starting with mashed, soft/finely chopped complementary foods, and continuing with family meals. Complementary foods should also include a variety of ingredients, such as carbohydrates, animal protein, vegetable protein, fruits, and vegetables, and hygiene should be maintained during the preparation and serving of complementary foods. Keywords: Children; Complementary Foods; Nutritional Status. Pendahuluan: Kekurangan gizi dapat menyebabkan hambatan fisik, mental, penurunan kemampuan berpikir, produktivitas, serta meningkatkan risiko penyakit dan kematian anak. Penyebab kekurangan gizi dapat disebabkan oleh pemberian MP-ASI yang tidak tepat dengan kebutuhan gizi anak. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pemberian makanan pendamping air susu ibu dengan status gizi anak 6-24 bulan. Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional study. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 363 anak berusia 6-24 bulan dengan total sampel berjumlah 86 anak, teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan probability sampel dengan metode simple random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ) untuk mengukur kriteria MP-ASI. Hasil: Berdasarkan pengukuran indeks BB/U, terdapat 86.0% dengan berat badan normal dan sejumlah 11.6% dengan berat badan kurang. Berdasarkan pengukuran indeks BB/PB terdapat 84.9% dengan kategori gizi baik dan terdapat 10.5% mengalami gizi kurang. Pada penelitian ini, kategori pemberian MP-ASI tepat sejumlah 88.4% dan kategori MP-ASI tidak tepat sejumlah 11.6%. Hasil analisis bivariat berdasarkan indeks BB/U dan BB/PB diperoleh p-value 0.000 (p<0.05). Hal ini menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara pemberian makanan pendamping air susu ibu dengan status gizi anak 6-24 bulan. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara pemberian makanan pendamping air susu ibu dengan status gizi anak 6-24 bulan. Saran: MP-ASI perlu diberikan sesuai dengan usia anak, dimulai dari MP-ASI dengan bentuk lumat, lembek/dicincang halus hingga makanan keluarga. Pemberian MP-ASI juga harus beragam jenis bahan makanan, seperti karbohidrat, protein hewani, protein nabati, buah dan sayur serta harus menjaga kebersihan dalam proses pengolahan dan penyajian MP-ASI. Kata Kunci: Anak; Makanan Pendamping Air Susu Ibu (MP-ASI); Status Gizi.

Hubungan antara stres dengan kualitas tidur pada peserta didik di SMA Lastri Ningsih Zendrato; Hilman Adam; Nancy Swanida Henriette Malonda
Hik Vol. 19 No. 8 (2025): Volume 19 Nomor 8
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan-fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/hjk.v19i8.1393

Background: Sleep plays a vital role in maintaining a person’s physical, cognitive, and psychological health. Globally, the prevalence of sleep disorders ranges from 15.3% to 39.2%. In Indonesia, around 10% of the population, equivalent to approximately 23 million people, are estimated to experience sleep disturbances. Based on data from Basic Health Research (Riskesdas), 43.7% of individuals aged 12–18 years reported sleep problems. Moreover, previous studies have shown that 71.3% of adolescent girls experience inadequate sleep compared to 66.4% of boys. Purpose: To determine the correlation between stress levels and sleep quality among high school students. Method: A quantitative analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted at State Senior High School 9 Manado from May to July 2025. The sampling technique used was total sampling, with a total of 285 respondents who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected online using a structured questionnaire distributed via Google Forms through WhatsApp. The data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods, and the Spearman Rank correlation test was applied to identify the relationship between variables. Results: The majority of respondents were aged 18 years (48.4%) with a standard deviation of 0.7332. Most participants were female (157 respondents or 55.1%). Regarding sleep quality, 221 respondents (77.5%) reported poor sleep quality, and 225 respondents (78.9%) experienced stress. The analysis showed an r value of 0.215 and a p value of 0.000, indicating a significant positive relationship between stress and poor sleep quality among respondents. Conclusion: The findings indicate that higher stress levels are significantly associated with poor sleep quality among students. It is suggested that schools and health professionals provide stress management programs, promote awareness of healthy sleep patterns, and encourage balanced academic workloads to enhance students’ overall well-being. Suggestion: Future studies are recommended to include other factors that may influence sleep quality, such as anxiety levels, social media habits, and peer support. In addition, the use of qualitative or mixed-methods approaches is encouraged to explore adolescents’ subjective experiences related to stress and sleep disturbances in more depth. Keywords: Adolescents; High School Students; Mental Health; Sleep Quality; Stress. Pendahuluan: Tidur merupakan suatu hal yang sangat esensial karena dapat memengaruhi kondisi fisik, kognitif, dan psikologis manusia. Secara global, prevalensi gangguan kualitas tidur sangat bervariasi mulai 15.3-39.2%. Indonesia memiliki tingkat penderita gangguan tidur yang diperkirakan mencapai 10% yang berjumlah sekitar 23 juta penduduk. Menurut data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas), sekitar 43.7% penduduk yang berusia 12-18 tahun mengalami gangguan pola kualitas tidur. Selain itu, sebuah hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa remaja putri kurang tidur sebesar 71.3%, dibandingkan remaja laki-laki sebesar 66.4%. Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis hubungan antara stres dengan kualitas tidur pada peserta didik di SMA. Metode: Penelitian kuantitaif dengan desain studi observasional analitik menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional study. dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 9 Manado, pada bulan Mei - Juli 2025. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah total sampling. Dari total sampel yang telah ditentukan, sampel yang memenuhi kriteria yaitu sebanyak 285 responden. Penelitian dilakukan secara online dengan membagikan kuesioner dalam bentuk google form kepada responden melalui Whatssap. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman Rank. Hasil: Rata-rata responden yang berusia 16 tahun berjumlah 138 (48.4%) dengan nilai standar deviasi 0.7332. Sebagian besar responden berjenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 157 responden (55.1%). Distribusi kualitas tidur, dapat diketahui bahwa sebagian responden memiliki kualitas tidur buruk berjumlah 221 responden (77.5%) dan megalami stres sebanyak 225 responden (78.9%) dengan perolehan nilai r sebesar 0.215 dan p-value 0.000. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kualitas tidur berpengaruh terhadap tingkat stres yang dialami oleh responden. Simpulan: Stres yang dialami oleh peserta didik memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap kualitas tidur yang buruk. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan intervensi yang mencakup manajemen stres, edukasi pola tidur sehat, serta pengaturan akademik yang proporsional agar kesejahteraan siswa secara fisik dan psikologis dapat di tingkatkan. Saran: Peneliti selanjutnya dapat meneliti variabel lain yang dapat memengaruhi kualitas tidur, seperti kecemasan, kebiasan penggunaan media sosial, atau dukungan sosial dari teman sebaya. Selain itu, pendekatan kualitatif atau campuran (mixed-method) dapat memberikan pemahaman yang terkait pengalaman subjektif dan gangguan tidur pada remaja. Kata Kunci: Kesehatan Mental; Kualitas Tidur; Remaja; Siswa Sekolah Menengah; Stres.

Hubungan antara asupan energi dengan status gizi pelajar Christa Natalia Bidara; Maureen Irinne Punuh; Nancy Swanida Henriette Malonda
Hik Vol. 19 No. 11 (2026): Volume 19 Nomor 11
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan-fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/hjk.v19i11.1737

Background: Adolescence is a period of rapid growth and development, requiring adequate energy intake to support daily activities and growth processes. An unbalanced energy intake can have a significant impact on the nutritional status of adolescents. Excess energy intake can lead to overweight and obesity, while insufficient energy intake can decrease immunity and increase the risk of various diseases. Purpose: To determine the relationship between energy intake levels and nutritional status among students. Method: A quantitative research uses an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional study design, held in March-September 2025 at State Senior High School 2 Tondano. The entire student population consisted of 60 respondents. Data were collected using a 2x24 Hour Food Recall Form questionnaire and Body Mass Index according to Age (BMI/A) measurements, then analyzed using the chi-square test. Results: Most students had an energy intake of less than 68.3% and 61.7% were classified as having good nutrition. This shows that there is a significant relationship between energy intake and nutritional status in students with a p-value = 0.047 (p<0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between energy intake and nutritional status among students. Suggestion: It is recommended to consume a variety of foods in appropriate portions (carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vegetables, fruits) to meet energy needs, and for those who are overweight, to regularly monitor their weight and exercise regularly. Keywords: Energy Intake; Nutritional Status; Student. Pendahuluan: Masa remaja merupakan periode pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang pesat, sehingga membutuhkan asupan energi yang adekuat untuk mendukung aktivitas harian dan proses pertumbuhan. Asupan energi yang tidak seimbang dapat berdampak signifikan terhadap status gizi remaja. Kelebihan asupan energi dapat menyebabkan kelebihan berat badan dan obesitas, sementara kekurangan asupan energi dapat menurunkan daya tahan tubuh dan meningkatkan risiko berbagai penyakit. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat asupan energi dengan status gizi pada pelajar. Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan desain observasional analitik dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional, dilaksanakan pada Maret-September 2025 di SMA Negeri 2 Tondano. Seluruh populasi pelajar berjumlah 60 responden. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner formulir food recall 2x24 hour dan pengukuran Indeks Massa Tubuh menurut Umur (IMT/U), kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil: Sebagian besar pelajar memiliki asupan energi kurang 68.3% dan 61.7% tergolong gizi baik. Hal ini menunjukkan terdapat hubungan signifikan antara asupan energi dengan status gizi pada pelajar dengan p-value = 0.047 (p<0.05). Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara asupan energi dengan status gizi pada pelajar. Saran: Diharapkan peserta didik untuk mengonsumsi makanan beragam dengan porsi yang sesuai (karbohidrat, lemak, protein, sayur, buah) untuk memenuhi kebutuhan energi dan bagi yang berstatus gizi lebih agar rutin mengontrol berat badan serta aktif berolahraga. Kata Kunci: Asupan Energi; Pelajar; Status Gizi.

Media sosial memengaruhi body image dan gangguan makan pada remaja Nancy Swanida Henriette Malonda; Maureen Irinne Punuh; Alpinia Shinta Pondagitan; Yohanis Tomastola; Solideo Anastasya; Christa Bidara; Putri Taroreh
Hik Vol. 19 No. 12 (2026): Volume 19 Nomor 12
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan-fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/hjk.v19i12.1892

Background: Social media can negatively impact body image and increase the risk of eating disorders in adolescents, yet these platforms are widely used. Adolescents tend to worry about their appearance in response to social media content. Negative body image is a risk factor for eating disorders, which can impact adolescents' nutritional status, leading to undernutrition or overnutrition. Purpose: To determine the influence of social media on body image and eating disorders in adolescents. Method: The study design used a descriptive analytical approach with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 211 eleventh-grade students from Senior High School in Tondano, Minahasa Regency, taken using a total sampling technique. Body image was measured using the MBSRQ-AS, eating disorders were measured using the EAT-26 questionnaire, and social media was measured using the ASMC Scale questionnaire. Results: The majority of respondents had a positive body image (85.8%), were not at risk for eating disorders (54%), and reported a high influence from social media (78.7%). Statistical analysis using the Spearman rank sum test showed a positive correlation between digital media and body image (p=0.000; 0.261) and eating disorders (p=0.045; 0.138). The influence of social media can lead to body image dissatisfaction and eating disorders. Therefore, interventions such as improving social media literacy are recommended to prevent negative impacts on adolescents' mindsets and attitudes. Conclusion: Social media exposure is significantly associated with body image disturbance and eating disorders in adolescents. Keywords: Body Image; Eating Disorders; Social Media. Pendahuluan: Media sosial memiliki dampak negatif terhadap body image dan gangguan makan remaja, namun remaja cenderung selalu menggunakan platform ini. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk mengidentifikasi strategi yang dapat mengurangi dampak buruk media sosial terhadap kesehatan mental remaja. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh media sosial terhadap body image dan gangguan makan pada remaja. Metode: Rancangan penelitian menggunakan deskriptif korelatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel berjumlah 211 remaja kelas XI SMAN 1, SMAN 2, dan SMAN 3 di Tondano kabupaten Minahasa yang diambil dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling. Body image diukur menggunakan MBSRQ-AS, gangguan perilaku makan diukur menggunakan kuesioner EAT-26 dan pengaruh media sosial menggunakan kuesioner ASMC scale. Hasil: Mayoritas responden memiliki body image positif (85.8 %), tidak berisiko mengalami gangguan perilaku makan (54 %), dan memiliki pengaruh tinggi (78.7%) dari media sosial. Hasil analisis statistik menggunakan uji Spearman rank, diketahui bahwa terdapat korelasi positif antara media digital terhadap body image (p=0.000; 0.261) dan gangguan makan (p=0.045; 0.138). Pengaruh media sosial dapat menyebabkan ketidakpuasan akan body image dan gangguan perilaku makan, sehingga direkomendasikan untuk dilakukan intervensi berupa peningkatan literasi penggunaan media sosial agar tidak menimbulkan efek negatif terhadap pola pikir dan sikap remaja. Simpulan: Paparan media sosial secara signifikan berhubungan dengan gangguan body image dan gangguan makan pada remaja. Kata Kunci: Body Image; Gangguan Makan; Media Sosial.

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