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All Journal Jurnal Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora
Robert Lengkong Weku
Universitas Khairun
Humanities Education

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Kajian Pemberantasan Mafia Sertifikat Ganda di Sulawesi Utara Berhubungan dengan Peran Badan Pertanahan Nasional (BPN) di Sulawesi Utara Royke Adrianus Taroreh; Jolanda Marlien Korua; Nurhikmah Nachrawy; Robert Lengkong Weku
Khatulistiwa: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): September: Khatulistiwa: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora
Publisher : AMIK Veteran Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/khatulistiwa.v6i3.13350

Abstract

This study aims to analyze efforts to combat land certificate fraud involving duplicate certificates in North Sulawesi and to examine the role of the National Land Agency (Badan Pertanahan Nasional or BPN) in preventing and addressing such issues within the framework of Indonesian land law. Duplicate land certificates constitute a legal problem that may create legal uncertainty, ownership disputes, financial losses, and inadequate protection of land rights. This research employs normative legal research methods using statutory and conceptual approaches. The legal materials consist of legislation, agrarian law literature, and relevant references concerning land registration, legal certainty, and law enforcement. The analysis indicates that preventing and combating duplicate land certificates requires stronger land administration and supervisory functions, careful verification of physical and juridical data, greater transparency in public services, and integrated land information systems. BPN plays a significant role in maintaining proper land registration administration and facilitating dispute resolution within its legal authority. Nevertheless, combating land-related fraud also requires inter-agency coordination and law enforcement against suspected document forgery, fraud, or abuse of authority where the relevant legal elements are established. This study concludes that the effectiveness of efforts to combat duplicate land certificates in North Sulawesi depends on the synergy between improvements in land administration, accountable supervision, and consistent law enforcement to ensure legal certainty and protect the community's land rights.
Kajian Tentang Penyaluran Kredit Perbankan Berkaitan dengan Perjanjian Kredit Berdasarkan UU No. 10 Tahun 1998 Jolanda Marlien Korua; Nurhikmah Nachrawy Adrianus; Veibe Vike Sumilat; Robert Lengkong Weku
Khatulistiwa: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): September: Khatulistiwa: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora
Publisher : AMIK Veteran Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/khatulistiwa.v6i3.13352

Abstract

Bank lending is a core banking function that supports economic activity and establishes a legal relationship between the bank as creditor and the customer as debtor. This relationship is formalized in a credit agreement governing the loan amount, interest, term, repayment, collateral, and the parties’ respective rights and obligations. This study examines the validity of agreements under Article 1320 of the Indonesian Civil Code, their binding force and good-faith performance under Article 1338, the application of prudential principles through the 5C analysis, the legal position of collateral, and the consequences of default. The study aims to analyze the legal framework and implementation of credit agreements in bank lending, as well as legal protection for creditors and debtors. It employs normative legal research using statutory and conceptual approaches, based on a literature review of primary and secondary legal materials. The analysis assesses whether credit agreements comply with applicable law. The study emphasizes that responsible lending requires valid agreements, clear and transparent clauses, objective assessment of borrowers’ creditworthiness, and the establishment and enforcement of collateral in accordance with legal procedures. Banks must apply prudential principles, while borrowers should understand and fulfil their contractual obligations. These measures are essential to legal certainty, balanced protection of the parties, and banking stability.
Co-Authors Jolanda Marlien Korua Nurhikmah Nachrawy Nurhikmah Nachrawy Adrianus Royke Adrianus Taroreh Veibe Vike Sumilat