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All Journal Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business Government & Resilience International Journal of Economics, Business and Innovation Research
Aswar, Muhammad
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Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Environmental Science Social Sciences

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Environmental Resilience Challenges and Mining Policy in East Kutai Regency, Indonesia: A Case Study Oktavianus, Ignasius Dwi; Aswar, Muhammad; Muhammad Hairul Saleh; Ahmadi, Zahra
Government & Resilience Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Government & Resilience (November 2024)
Publisher : Dealings Foundation Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62503/gr.v2i2.16

Abstract

This study aims to identify weaknesses in the oversight of excavation C mining activities by the East Kutai Regency Government, which contribute to soil degradation and alterations to natural landscapes. These mining operations result in large, water-filled pits that become breeding grounds for mosquitoes and disease, while also causing air pollution during the dry season. The research employs a qualitative approach, combining a literature review with interviews. The findings reveal that, first, excavation C mining disrupts ecosystem balance through the overexploitation of natural resources and fosters illegal mining activities. Second, challenges in monitoring excavation C mining involve the Satpol PP (Civil Service Police Unit) as the primary enforcement body, along with the enforcement of local regulations designed to minimize environmental damage. However, a lack of coordination between the East Kutai Regency Satpol PP and the East Kalimantan Provincial Police complicates regulatory enforcement and community protection efforts. This study recommends implementing strict sanctions against companies that illegally damage the environment to improve oversight effectiveness and promote environmental sustainability.
Mitigating Procurement Fraud Risk at Universitas Khairun, a Higher Education Institution in Indonesia: A Comprehensive Approach Using the Fraud Pentagon Theory Aswar, Muhammad; Jabid, Abdullah W; Fahri, Johan
International Journal of Economics, Business and Innovation Research Vol. 3 No. 06 (2024): International Journal of Economics, Business and Innovation Research (IJEBIR)
Publisher : Cita konsultindo

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Abstract

This study analyses the influence of Procurement Committee Quality, Procurement Environment, Risk Assessment, and Procurement Systems and Procedures on fraud prevention efforts in procuring goods and services at Universitas Khairun. A sample of 57 respondents, consisting of leaders, treasurers, and financial and procurement staff from supplier companies, was used in this research. The analysis was conducted using the multiple linear regression method processed through SPSS version 27.0. The results showed that the Procurement Environment and Procurement System and Procedures significantly influence preventing fraud. In contrast, the Procurement Committee Quality and Risk Assessment had no significant effect. These findings emphasise that creating a conducive procurement environment and improving procurement systems and procedures are key to reducing the risk of fraud at Universitas Khairun. This study provides important contributions for universities and other higher education institutions in designing better procurement policies to minimise fraud.
Instrumen Hak Asasi Manusia Internasional (Perbandingan Ratifikasi & Implementasi Indonesia Vs Malaysia/Thailand) Aswar, Muhammad; Ashfiya, E Nur; Utami, Olivia Nurul; P, Ona Monis Putri; Tasik, Darmayani Tandi
RIGGS: Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): November - January
Publisher : Prodi Bisnis Digital Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/riggs.v4i4.4410

Abstract

Perlindungan hak asasi manusia menjadi salah satu pilar utama dalam perkembangan hukum modern, di mana instrumen internasional berperan sebagai dasar untuk menjamin penghormatan terhadap martabat manusia. Meskipun standar-standar tersebut telah diterima secara luas, negara-negara di kawasan Asia Tenggara seperti Indonesia, Malaysia, dan Thailand memiliki pendekatan yang berbeda dalam meratifikasi serta mengimplementasikannya. Indonesia, khususnya setelah reformasi, cenderung mengambil langkah lebih progresif melalui ratifikasi berbagai instrumen penting. Namun, implementasi di tingkat nasional masih menghadapi hambatan struktural, mulai dari lemahnya koordinasi kebijakan hingga keterbatasan kapasitas lembaga penegak hak asasi manusia. Berbeda dengan Indonesia, Malaysia dan Thailand memilih pendekatan yang lebih berhati-hati, dengan mempertimbangkan kepentingan domestik, stabilitas politik, serta sensitivitas budaya. Meskipun demikian, masing-masing negara menunjukkan keunggulan dalam isu tertentu. Malaysia dinilai lebih baik dalam perlindungan bagi pekerja migran karena adanya kebijakan yang lebih terarah, sedangkan Thailand menonjol dalam pengembangan regulasi perlindungan data pribadi yang lebih komprehensif. Penelitian ini membandingkan pola ratifikasi, penerjemahan instrumen internasional ke dalam hukum nasional, efektivitas lembaga hak asasi manusia, serta perlindungan terhadap isu-isu khusus seperti kebebasan berpendapat, kelompok minoritas, dan pengungsi. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan implementasi hak asasi manusia sangat dipengaruhi oleh komitmen politik, harmonisasi kebijakan, serta kapasitas kelembagaan. Kajian ini menegaskan bahwa meskipun terdapat kemajuan signifikan, ketiga negara masih memerlukan penguatan mekanisme pelaksanaan agar instrumen internasional dapat terwujud secara efektif dalam praktik
Co-Authors Ahmadi, Zahra Ashfiya, E Nur Fahri, Johan Jabid, Abdullah W. Jayawarsa, A.A. Ketut Oktavianus, Ignasius Dwi P, Ona Monis Putri Tasik, Darmayani Tandi Utami, Olivia Nurul