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PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH TEKSTIL (METHYLENE BLUE) MENGGUNAKAN ADSORBEN KARBON AKTIF KULIT MANGGIS (GARCINIA MANGOSTANA) TERAKTIVASI HIDROGEN PEROXIDE Suhirman, Suhirman; Arvianto, Rizky Ibnufaatih; Pradana, Arfando Yudha; Wijaya, Panji
Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): October| INTEKA - Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/inteka.v10i3.14352

Abstract

Textile wastewater is a major contributor to aquatic pollution because synthetic dyes such as Methylene Blue (MB) are toxic, persistent, and resistant to biodegradation. This study investigates the adsorption performance of activated carbon derived from mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana) activated with hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) for MB removal from aqueous solution. Activated carbon was prepared by carbonization at 850 °C, followed by chemical activation with diluted 50% H₂O₂. Adsorption tests were performed using 50 mg of adsorbent in 250 mL of MB solution (50 ppm) for 120 min, and residual concentrations were determined by UV–Vis spectrophotometry at 663 nm. H₂O₂ activation enhanced the specific surface area from 522 to 700 m²/g and enriched oxygen-containing functional groups (–OH, C=O) on the carbon surface. The contact angle decreased from 134,01° to 55,83°, indicating improved hydrophilicity. The activated carbon achieved 68% MB removal, significantly higher than the non-activated carbon (16%). Adsorption kinetics were well described by the pseudo-second-order model, with a high determination coefficient (R² = 0.988).
Technical and Economic Evaluation of Agricultural Waste-Based Biological Agents for Laboratory-Scale Ammonia Removal Wiratama, Ihsan; Suhirman, Suhirman; Arvianto, Rizky Ibnufaatih; Nainggolan, Denny Hendrik; Puteri, Denanda Clarasati; Putra, Muhammad Iqbal; Luthfi, Muhammad Zulfikar
Jurnal Teknik Industri Terintegrasi (JUTIN) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jutin.v9i2.56944

Abstract

Ammonia contamination in water poses serious ecological risks, while commercial bioremediation agents remain costly for widespread application. This study evaluated the technical and economic performance of a self-formulated biological agent made from golden apple snail shells and banana pseudostems for ammonia removal. A laboratory-scale preliminary experiment used 500 mL batch reactors containing synthetic wastewater in a 2 × 3 × 3 factorial design without replication, comparing EM4 and the self-formulated agent at initial ammonia concentrations of 10, 30, and 50 ppm over 1, 2, and 3 days. Ammonia was measured by the Nessler spectrophotometric method and analyzed using ANOVA GLM. The self-formulated agent showed performance comparable to EM4, with both achieving more than 80% removal under suitable conditions. Removal efficiency was influenced by the interaction between ammonia load and contact time, while cost analysis indicated a potential 92.1% saving. Further replicated pilot-scale studies with abiotic controls and real wastewater are recommended.
Kinetics of Ammonia Biodegradation Using EM4 with Palm Sugar as an External Carbon Source Puteri, Denanda Clarasati; Arvianto, Rizky Ibnufaatih; Suhirman, Suhirman; Ardian, Adna Ivan; Putra, Muhamad Iqbal; Luthfi, Muhammad Zulfikar; Wiratama, Ihsan; Jerry, Jerry; Nury, Dennis Farina
Jurnal Beta Kimia Vol 6 No 1 (2026): Volume 6 Issue 1, May 2026
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/jbk.v6i1.27517

Abstract

Biological treatment of ammonia requires sufficient carbon availability to maintain stable microbial activity and sustain optimal degradation rates. This study evaluates the kinetics of ammonia biodegradation using an EM4 microbial consortium supplemented with palm sugar as an external carbon source in aerobic batch reactors. Initial ammonia concentrations of 10, 30, and 50 ppm were evaluated over six days of operation. Monitored parameters included ammonia concentration, pH, and biomass (MLSS), while kinetic evaluation applied a pseudo–first‑order model via the ln(St/S0)–time relationship. The results showed removal efficiencies of 79.0–83.4%, accompanied by MLSS increases from ~2,000 to ~4,600 mg/L with higher initial concentrations. The pH range of 5.8–8.5 remained conducive to microbial activity. The ln(St/S0) curves exhibited strong linearity, confirming the suitability of the pseudo–first‑order model, and the reaction rate constants increased under higher substrate and biomass conditions. These findings indicate that palm sugar is effective as an external carbon source for sustaining process stability and accelerating ammonia removal. The integration of EM4 with a natural carbon source demonstrates potential as an efficient, economical, and readily implementable biological approach for ammonia treatment in wastewater.
The Prospects and Challenges of Biopolymers for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Matovanni, Maudy Pratiwi Novia; Ikhsanudin, Muhammad Nur; Arvianto, Rizky Ibnufaatih; Waluyo, Joko; Distantina, Sperisa; Kaavessina, Mujtahid; Pranolo, Sunu Herwi
Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 7, No 1 (2023): Volume 7, No 1 July 2023
Publisher : Program studi Teknik Kimia UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/equilibrium.v7i1.73947

Abstract

Abstract. Currently, Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) technology is being interested in the Indonesian state as an advanced technology that can recover oil remaining in the reservoir. The discovery of new resources and EOR efforts are predicted to result in increased oil production. This paper provides a review of main types of EOR methods, which are gas injection, thermal injection, and chemical injection; mechanism of polymer flooding; and biopolymer materials for EOR, attention were given to xanthan gum, cellulose, guar gum, and lignin. Polymer flooding is a low-cost chemical injection method with a high rate of success. Polymer flooding has several advantages, including improving oil recovery by minimizing residual oil saturation, decreasing water output from oil well, and requiring less water compared with water flooding. Since the use of polymer flooding in the EOR activities, there is a lot of potential that biopolymers are materials that play a significant role in the application of EOR technology, because environmentally friendly properties and have advantages over synthetic polymers. Biopolymer can be modified to nano materials or grafted with synthetic polymer to improve its properties and stability. It have shear, salinity, and temperature resistance, long-term stability, and large availability, so it making the right choice for applications in oil recovery.Keywords:Enhanced oil recovery, EOR, biopolymer, polymer flood, modification of biopolymer
Effect of Caffeine Adsorption by Activated Charcoal in Green Coffee Extract on Blood Glucose Reduction in Rats Arvianto, Rizky Ibnufaatih; Suhirman, Suhirman; Sunaryo, Tri
Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 9, No 2 (2025): Volume 9, No 2 December 2025
Publisher : Program studi Teknik Kimia UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/equilibrium.v9i2.107709

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Green coffee beans (Coffea Canephora) contain chlorogenic acid, an active compound known to aid in lowering blood glucose levels. However, the caffeine content in green coffee beans can reduce insulin sensitivity, thereby diminishing glucose tolerance. This study aims to improve the hypoglycemic potential of green coffee by removing caffeine through adsorption using activated carbon. Green coffee beans were extracted in water at 60–70°C, and caffeine adsorption was carried out with activated carbon. FTIR analysis was performed on the activated carbon to confirm caffeine adsorption, while HPLC analysis was conducted on the green coffee extract before and after adsorption to determine caffeine and chlorogenic acid contents. Hypoglycemic activity was evaluated in alloxan-induced albino Wistar rats (150–250 g). Statistical analysis using the t-test was employed to assess the effectiveness of caffeine adsorption in lowering blood glucose levels. Activated carbon reduced caffeine content by 23.71%, as confirmed by FTIR spectra showing hydrogen bonding interactions between the –OH groups of activated carbon and the C=O or N atoms of caffeine. Rats receiving the caffeine-reduced green coffee extract reached normal blood glucose levels faster than untreated diabetic rats. The effectiveness of caffeine adsorption was supported by the t-test results, which showed a significant reduction in mean blood glucose levels compared with the untreated diabetic group (p = 0.002) and from baseline values (p = 0.004). Although the treated diabetic group still differed significantly from the normal control (p = 0.021), the glucose level approached the normal range, indicating substantial recovery toward normoglycemia.Keywords:Green coffee beans, Caffeine, Chlorogenic acid, and Blood glucose
ANALYSIS OF AMMONIA ASSIMILATION KINETICS AND DETERMINATION OF SUBSTRATE INHIBITION CONDITIONS IN VARIATIONS OF MOLASSES DOSE IN A BATCH REACTOR SYSTEM Putra, Muhammad Iqbal; Arvianto, Rizky Ibnufaatih; Suhirman, Suhirman; Ardian, Adna Ivan; Puteri, Denanda Clarasati; Nury, Dennis Farina; Luthfi, Muhammad Zulfikar; Lestari, Maghfira Arum
Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 10, No 1 (2026): Volume 10, No 1 July 2026 (First Online)
Publisher : Program studi Teknik Kimia UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/equilibrium.v10i1.115734

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to find the inhibitory phenomena caused by an excessive organic load and to estimate the ideal molasses dosage for ammonia assimilation by Saccharomyces spt. The experiment was carried out utilizing a batch reactor system with different molasses doses of 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mL at a constant starting ammonia content of 50 mg/L. Ammonia assimilation followed a pseudo-first-order model with a significant coefficient of determination R2 > 0.90 in the active dose range, according to the kinetic studies. The results confirmed that a dose of 10 mL was the optimum condition, producing the highest reaction rate constant (k) of 0.5107 day-1 and an ammonia reduction efficiency of 93.58%. On the other hand, raising dosage 20 mL caused a substrate inhibition phenomenon, which was marked by a drop in the k value to 0.2268 day-1 and a low ammonia reduction efficiency of 58.42% because of the initial acidification. The ammonia removal rate and biomass concentration (MLSS) had a very strong positive linear connection (r=0.98) according to Pearson correlation analysis, indicating that nitrogen assimilation with biomass growth-rather than physical volatilization-is the primary mechanism of removal. In order to optimize ammonia absorption performance without causing environmental toxicity, this study suggests a dose of 10 mL.
The Impact of Inject Chemical Neutralization toward the PH Change in the Reject Water Management on the Raw Water Treatment Facilities in Petrochemical Industries Tutuka, Rachmadi; Ikhsandy, Ferry; Zulkipli, Rohiman Ahmad; Iman, Alamul; Arvianto, Rizky Ibnufaatih
Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 9, No 2 (2025): Volume 9, No 2 December 2025
Publisher : Program studi Teknik Kimia UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/equilibrium.v9i2.107710

Abstract

ABSTRACT. The water waste management in Petrochemical Industry becomes the significant challenge in maintain environmental quality—particularly in regulating pH levels in accordance with the standards set by Indonesia’s Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. 5 of 2014—chemical injection is widely employed. This method involves the addition of acidic or alkaline agents to neutralize the pH of reject water. This study evaluates the effect of varying chemical injection dosages to determine the optimal dose required to achieve a pH range of 6 to 9. The findings demonstrate a direct relationship between the increase in chemical injection dosage and changes in pH levels, where higher dosages consistently raised the pH, stabilizing at an average value of 8.2. Over a one-month monitoring period, the optimal dosage was identified as 0.085 m³, resulting in an average pH of 6.47. Excessive dosing is not only less effective but also led to increase operational costs, reaching up to IDR 872,235. Thus, optimizing chemical injection dosage is critical—not only for ensuring compliance with environmental pH standards but also for minimizing chemical consumption and reducing operational expenditures.Keywords:Inject chemicals, Wastewater treatment, pH, Reject water
Analysis Of Recent Research In Solketal Synthesis Toward Circular Economy : A Review Ardian, Adna Ivan; Trisnantari, Tamaratritania Citta; Nury, Dennis Farina; Arvianto, Rizky Ibnufaatih; Suhirman, Suhirman
Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 10, No 1 (2026): Volume 10, No 1 July 2026 (First Online)
Publisher : Program studi Teknik Kimia UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/equilibrium.v10i1.113030

Abstract

Indonesia’s growing biodiesel production has caused a large surplus of crude glycerol, which becomes both an economic and environmental problem. The study present a systematic chemical engineering perspective on how glycerol can be transformed into solketal, a compound that can act as a biofuel additive and green solvent. The discussion is based on a systematic reading method of twelve research papers published between 2018 and 2024, specifically discuss the development of catalysts related to this process. The contrasting performance between catalyst efficiency and its industrial implementation become a concern. It shows Zeolites and MOF catalyst exceed other types of catalysts by using process intensification in laboratory. But in contrast, their stability lower when associated with impurities found in feedstock, followed by heat-related problems. On the other side, simple and cheaper catalysts such as acid-treated clays still show steady activity even in less clean feedstocks, making them more realistic for larger scale operation. The review also points out that improving catalyst lifetime and using new process approaches like microwave heating are important to make the process more economical. Overall, this study suggests that creating catalysts which can resist impurities together with better process design is necessary to make glycerol utilization more sustainable and in line with Indonesia’s circular economy plan.