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The Idea of Pluralism in Indonesian Society: A Case Study of Cirebon City as a Cultural Melting Pot Soekarba, Siti Rohmah
Journal of Strategic and Global Studies Vol. 1, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Indonesia is well-known as a country with diverse ethnicities, religions, and races. Although predominantly Muslim country, the largest population of Muslims of any country in the world today, the reminder of the population are Christians, Hindu, animist, or followers of varying Confucius and Buddhist beliefs. Indonesia today is not only a country with diverse religions, ethnicities, and races, but also a country with several challenges related to issues of religious pluralism.It takes the awareness and the political will to deconstruct what lies behind the various problems of the Indonesian nation by looking back to the Indonesian national identity as stated in the Pancasila principles and the 1945 Constitution. Indonesia's national motto, "Bhinneka Tunggal Ika" (Unity in Diversity), articulates the diversity that shapes the country. After the fall of Soeharto’s New Order regime, as a nation-state with a pluralistic society, Indonesia is prone to social unrest and intra-group tension in terms of race, ethnicity and religion. This paper focuses on two objects: first, the pluralism Indonesia’s social culture and the case study of Cirebon as a cultural melting pot. The interpretation and critical reflection on method used to explore that there had been constant contact with both India and China. Hinduism and Buddhism, and later Islam, came to Cirebon. The purpose of this research is to understand the pluralistic Indonesian society, particulalrly Cirebonese people and the practice respect for the people in everyday actions and words.

Pemaknaan Motif Truntum Batik Surakarta: Kajian Semiotik Charles W. Morris Widodo, Widodo; Soekarba, Siti Rohmah; Kusharjanto, Bram
Sutasoma : Jurnal Sastra Jawa Vol 9 No 2 (2021): Sutasoma: Jurnal Sastra Jawa
Publisher : Jurusan Bahasa dan Sastra Jawa Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/sutasoma.v9i2.51542

Batik is an artistic culture inherited from the ancestors of the Indonesian people which has noble values, has become the pride of the Javanese. This paper describes the meaning of the Surakarta batik Truntum motif in the semiotic study of Charles W. Morris and Frued's psychoanalytic analysis. Morris semantics are used to find the meaning behind the Surakarta batik Truntum motif: Tanjung flower motifs, stars, gurdho (garuda), rhombuses, and colors. Meanwhile, Freud's id is applied to the meaning of sexual desire for the perpetrator in the process of creating motives. The methodology used is multidisciplinary, combining historical approaches, semiotics, and cultural studies. The results of the analysis show that Trumtum batik as a noble art has crossed a long time and has a dialectic with cultural developments. The Trumtum motif is a unification of symbols which are interpreted in spiritual syncretism. Ratu Kencana (Beruk) in lamenting loneliness, sadness, and loneliness manifests itself through the distribution of 'id' and 'sublime' into Truntum batik art. Keywords: Truntum Motif, Meaning, Semiotics, Morris, Culture

The Critique of Arab Thought: Mohammed Arkoun's Deconstruction Method Soekarba, Siti Rohmah
Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 10, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Mohammed Arkoun is one of international modern Islamic thinkers that his thought comes into Islamic thinking discourses in Indonesia recently. His Islamic thought was influenced by the modern philosophical concepts such as ‘myths’ of Ricouer, postmodern concepts like ‘discourse’ and ‘episteme’, which were developed by Foucault as well as ‘deconstruction’ of Derrida. If Derrida focused on deconstruction as a final concept, on the other hand Arkoun insisted that ‘deconstruction’ must be followed by ‘reconstruction’ of a discourse. Arkoun’s reconstruction leaves the limitation, the rigidity and deviation from the past. Arkoun proposes two ways: firstly it is ‘ijtihad’ and subsequently it is Islamic critical reason with the whole of critical meaning. In this research I used the method of library investigation. Based on the result I came into the conclusion that Arkoun loss the communication with the scholars in the Islamic world, particularly in the Middle East tradition. Since, he applied the method of deconstruction that Islamic world percept it was going too far.

The Critique of Arab Thought: Mohammed Arkoun's Deconstruction Method Soekarba, Siti Rohmah
Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 10, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Mohammed Arkoun is one of international modern Islamic thinkers that his thought comes into Islamic thinking discourses in Indonesia recently. His Islamic thought was influenced by the modern philosophical concepts such as ‘myths’ of Ricouer, postmodern concepts like ‘discourse’ and ‘episteme’, which were developed by Foucault as well as ‘deconstruction’ of Derrida. If Derrida focused on deconstruction as a final concept, on the other hand Arkoun insisted that ‘deconstruction’ must be followed by ‘reconstruction’ of a discourse. Arkoun’s reconstruction leaves the limitation, the rigidity and deviation from the past. Arkoun proposes two ways: firstly it is ‘ijtihad’ and subsequently it is Islamic critical reason with the whole of critical meaning. In this research I used the method of library investigation. Based on the result I came into the conclusion that Arkoun loss the communication with the scholars in the Islamic world, particularly in the Middle East tradition. Since, he applied the method of deconstruction that Islamic world percept it was going too far.

Kritik Pemikiran Arab: Metode Dekonstruksi Mohammed Arkoun Soekarba, Siti Rohmah
Wacana, Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia Vol. 8, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Mohammed Arkoun is one of an international Islamic modern thinker that his thought comes into Islamic thinking discourses in Indonesia recently. His Islamic thought were influenced by the modern philosophy concepts such as "myths" of Paul Ricouer, postmodern concepts like 'discourse' and 'episteme', which were developed by Michel Foucault as well as 'deconstruction' of Jacques Derrida. If Derrida focused on deconstruction of a discourse as a final concept, on the other hand Arkoun insisted that 'deconstruction' must be followed by 'reconstruction'. Arkoun's reconstruction leaves the limitation, the rigidity and deviation from the past. Arkoun proposes two ways: firstly it is 'ijtih d' and subsequently it is Islamic critical reason with the whole of critical meaning. In this research the method I used was library investigation. Based on the result I came into the conclusion that Arkoun loss the communication with the scholars in the Islamic world, particularly in the Middle East tradition. Since then, he applied the method of deconstruction that Islamic world percept it was going too far.

From Abdulhamid II until Erdoğan: Pan-Islamism Movement in Indonesia and Turkey Soekarba, Siti Rohmah; Supratman, Frial Ramadhan
Journal Of Middle East and Islamic Studies Vol. 9, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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This paper investigates the relationship between Indonesia and Turkey from nineteenth century until twentieth first century, especially in the are of Erdogan (2002- today) in the framework of Pan-Islamism approach. Pan-Islamism term has been explored by scientists in the Western or non-Western world. Mostly, scientists consider that Pan-Islamism is the act of radical in order to to West domination in Muslim countries. In this paper author argues that Pan-Islamism is not a conservative ideology to expel West domination, but the approach adopted by Muslims in order to adapt with global challenge since nineteenth century. This paper is written from historical approach and based on primary and secondary sources. Ottoman Turkish documents, manuscripts, and Turkish literature played important role to achieve the aim of this paper.

THE CULTURAL EVOLUTION OF LOCAL ISLAMIC VALUES ON THE MULUDAN TRADITION IN CIREBON: A MEMETICS PERSPECTIVE Wijayanto, Eko; Soekarba, Siti Rohmah
International Review of Humanities Studies Vol. 4, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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The Muludan is a tradition conducted by the Royal family in Cirebon Sultanate on the third month of the Islamic calendar (Rabi' al-awwal) to mark the celebration of the prophet Muhammad's birthday. Thousands of people from some places participate in this tradition. This paper is aimed to elaborate the cultural evolution theory (memetics) introduced by Richard Dawkings which is used to interpret the Muludan tradition as a meme. The role of the agent will be considered as a vector, not an actor. In the meantime, the Muludan can be defined not only as a religious ritual but also as a cultural tradition that has been practiced by the local people for hundred years. The tradition has a system of inheritance such as values, beliefs, behaviors, knowledge, passed down through cultural processes within the scope of the population and the environment. The conclusion is that the meaning behind the Muludan tradition believed by people, so that it develop day by day. They believe that they would gain God blessing (barakah) and Shafa‘at to practice the Muludan ritual.

THE PRACTICE OF SECULARISM IN RELIGIOUS CENCORSHIP IN TURKISH FILM (1939-1990) Aditama, Aditama; Rachmanti, Nadira Bella; Soekarba, Siti Rohmah
International Review of Humanities Studies Vol. 4, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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This paper analyzes a film as one of the media with the ability to convey certain messages to the public. Films can reflect the social and cultural conditions of society, thereby they can be used to spread the current ideas, views, and ideologies of a country. Films in Turkey are part of a culture that has developed rapidly and has become an entertainment for the people. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk reformed and turned Turkey into a new country with the ideology of secularism, controlling religious institutions and expressions. This journal article aims to describe the implementation of Turkish secular ideology in the country's cultural settings, namely censorship of religious elements in Turkish films from 1939 to 1990. The method used in this article is critical descriptive through literature study. This article concludes that censorship is not only practiced to maintain secularism in Turkey, but also to protect the religion itself.

AL-IRSYAD MOVEMENT: A HADRAMI CONTRIBUTION IN SOCIAL AND EDUCATION ASPECTS IN TEGAL Soekarba, Siti Rohmah; -, Rosyidah
International Review of Humanities Studies Vol. 5, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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This article investigates Al-Irsyad contribution with transnational approach especially in tracing social cultural community of Indonesia in the context of Tegal. In this article, authors focus on Al-Irsyad established in 1914 by Ahmad Surkati (1876-1943) who had an important role in the Islamic reformation movement in the early twentieth century in Indonesia. His intellectual views and religion-politics stressing the equality of all Muslims. Protesting against the privileged position of the sayyids in Indonesia, he founded the new organization Jam’iyyat al-Irsyad which was to become a leading modernist organization. Al-Irsyad contribution in social and education aspects in Tegal becomes the discussion in this article. The authors used qualitative method by doing interview and observation. Deliar Noer said that social movement of Al-Irsyad is counted as an Islamic modern movement. The result of this research shows that Al-Irsyad movement gives positive contribution towards the society in social and education aspects in Tegal.

Commemoration of the Mawlid and the Sekaten Tradition at the Yogyakarta Palace Putriditya, Alya Ramadhani; Soekarba, Siti Rohmah; Widodo, Widodo
Abjad Journal of Humanities & Education Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Abjad: Journal of Humanities & Education
Publisher : Centre for Literary and Cultural Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62079/abjad.v2i1.31

This article explores the Sekaten Tradition at the Yogyakarta Palace as a commemoration of Mawlid. The tradition has been alive and well in society since the Demak Kingdom. Initially, Islamic religious leaders used traditional and religious acculturation to attract people to gather as well as a means of preaching. In its development, the sekaten ceremony became a form of Javanese cultural identity commemorating Islamic religious holidays. In Indonesia, the sekaten tradition is a tradition that lives and develops in society. Sekaten is no longer a tribal identity, but over time, it has become a tradition carried out by some people and a marker of respect for the Islamic holiday, namely the birth of the Prophet. The shift in function from preaching media to the realm of ceremonies occurs not only in the sekaten tradition but also in other traditions. Through a cultural approach, this research shows how Sekaten is a means of expressing the traditions of Yogyakarta society. By analyzing its history, meaning and function today, Sekaten can live across the ages with dynamic forms and changes in function. This research shows that the sekaten tradition can provide a line of cultural order that is followed and adhered to by the community in the eco-bio-cultural realm. The resilience of Javanese culture, which is acculturated to the religion of the people who own it, can become a means to exist in various domains of life beyond time. This research expresses today's sekaten tradition as a means of existence for rulers and society through culture. Javanese traditions instituted by the palace as a source and patron of culture will become icons and cultural forces. The Sekaten tradition is one of the sacred traditions in Yogyakarta. This tradition was created as a form of respect for the Prophet Muhammad.

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