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Journal : Babali Nursing Research

Ethical Dilemma Do Not Ressuscitation (DNR) in Nursing Practice Susanti, Aries; Paramitasari, Ketut Citra; Putra, Kadek Andika Dwi; Cintariasih, Putu; Suryani, Ni Wayan; Wulandari, Ida Ayu Putri
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Babali Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2024.52351

Abstract

Introduction: DNR (Do Not Resuscitate) is a condition where the patient experiences cardiac arrest but chooses not to undergo resuscitation. However, the legal consequences of DNR actions, which may either allow or completely prohibit these actions, can vary in different countries. Nurses frequently encounter ethical dilemmas resulting from DNR situations. This literature review explored nurses' ethical dilemmas regarding DNR and strategies to overcome them.Methods: This literature review examined previous research findings published in articles. Article searches were conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, employing keywords such as "DNR," "Nursing Ethics," and "Ethical dilemma," as well as combinations thereof like "DNR in a nursing ethical dilemma." Fifteen articles meeting the inclusion criteria were selected.Results: Making DNR decisions for patients significantly impacted the continuity of patient care in hospitals. These decisions were influenced by religion/beliefs, life expectancy, limited resources, and past experiences. Nurses stressed the importance of discussing DNR situations openly. Moreover, nurses were crucial in addressing misunderstandings surrounding patient care with DNR orders through practice, education, advocacy, policy implementation, and research.Conclusion: Nurses require adequate training and education in end-of-life ethics and DNR decision-making to prevent detrimental actions and ensure patients' peaceful, dignified terminal care.
Evaluating Usability of EMR-Integrated Triage Technologies in the Emergency Department: A Literature Review I Gede Rendy Arizona Vallentino; Ni Luh Putu Inca Buntari Agustini; Wulandari, Ida Ayu Putri; Yustina Ni Putu Yusniarvati
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Babali Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2026.71530

Abstract

Introduction: The Emergency Department (ER) is a vital hospital unit that handles critically ill patients. The triage process determines treatment priorities, so speed and accuracy significantly impact patient safety. The implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) is expected to improve triage quality. However, usability aspects such as ease of use, efficiency, error prevention, user satisfaction, and workflow compatibility still require a comprehensive review. This review aimed to explore current evidence on the usability of EMR-based triage systems in Emergency Departments and the factors influencing successful implementation.Methods: This literature review followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Articles were searched through PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using the terms “usability,” “triage,” “electronic medical record,” and “emergency room.” Included articles were original studies published in English between 2020 and 2025 that addressed the validity, reliability, or usability aspects of an EMR-based triage system in the ED. Review articles, conference abstracts, and irrelevant studies were excluded. From the selection process, 15 articles were selected for analysis.Results: EMR-based triage instruments, such as EMOnco (Brazil) and CETS (China), are valid and reliable. Digital systems such as eResus, MUST-Plus, and CDSS improve documentation, accuracy, and patient safety. Mobile applications have yielded mixed results: MEDIC faces learnability challenges. At the same time, CoSMoS is easy to use despite limited EMR integration. User satisfaction increases when systems support team communication and transparency, but barriers such as low computer literacy, alert fatigue, resistance, and documentation burden persist.Conclusion: EMR-based triage technology in the ER has the potential to improve efficiency, accuracy, and patient safety, but its effectiveness depends heavily on usability. Successful implementation requires a user-centered design approach, ongoing training, and periodic usability evaluation.