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All Journal Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Prosiding SNPBS (Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Biologi dan Saintek)
Riwidiharso, Edy
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Veterinary

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Adaptations of Three Cash Crops to Climate Change Sudiana, Eming; Yani, Edy; Prayoga, Lucky; Darsono, Darsono; Riwidiharso, Edy; Santoso, Slamet
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i2.23489

Abstract

Climate change is likely to lead to adaptations among important crop species. Elevational gradients can be used to illustrate the effects of climate change on crop adaptation patterns. The research aimed to determine adaptation patterns in crop species across an elevational (and therefore temperature and humidity) gradient. A factorial design was applied with two factors within a simple Randomized Complete Block Design, wherein the primary factor was elevation (10 – 1,000 m). Three crop species (long bean, common bean, and winged bean) were used as test species. Growth rate and flower number were used as adaptation parameters. The results indicated that these three cash crop species showed different adaptation patterns. Common bean showed the greatest vegetative growth at approximately 600 m in elevation, long bean at 400 m in elevation, and winged bean at 10 m in elevation. The results of this study indicate that the three tested agricultural crops have different adaptation patterns, and these results was the first finding to be published in Indonesia. For agriculture practices, it can be recommended that planting of these cash crops be adapted to the elevation of the planting area. 
Keanekaragaman dan Kelimpahan Kupu-Kupu (Lepidoptera : Rhopalocera) di Cagar Alam Bantarbolang, Jawa Tengah Nuraini, Ulfah; Widhiono, Imam; Riwidiharso, Edy
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 2 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.2.1756

Abstract

Kupu-kupu adalah serangga yang termasuk dalam Ordo Lepidoptera, artinya serangga yang hampir seluruh permukaan tubuhnya tertutupi oleh lembaran-lembaran sisik yang memberi corak dan warna sayap kupu-kupu. Keanekaragaman dan Kelimpahan kupu-kupu di pengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan seperti intensitas cahaya matahari, temperatur, dan kelembapan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan kupu-kupu di Cagar Alam Bantarbolang, Jawa Tengah. Data yang di dapat di analisis menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener, indeks kemerataan Shannon-Evenners, dan Indeks dominansi. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 359 individu dalam 6 familia. Keanekaragaman tertinggi yaitu pada jarak 0 m (H’ = 2.760; E: 0,752). Kelimpahan tertinggi pada jarak 0 m dengan jumlah individu sebanyak 192. Keanekaragaman tertinggi pada jarak 0 m di tepi hutan, sedangkan keragaman terrendah pada jarak 150 m di dalam hutan. Keanekaragaman kupu-kupu didominasi oleh H. glaucippe dari famili Piridae sebanyak 64 individu. Faktor lingkungan yang paling mempengaruhi keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan kupu-kupu adalah intensitas cahaya matahari. Kata kunci: Kupu-kupu, Keanekaragaman, Kelimpahan, Cagar Alam Bantarbolang
Keanekaragaman Semut (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) di Kawasan Cagar Alam Bantarbolang Pemalang Jawa Tengah Rhodiyah, Annisa Fadwa; Darsono, Darsono; Riwidiharso, Edy
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1764

Abstract

Cagar Alam Bantarbolang, Pemalang, Jawa Tengah memiliki keanekaragaman yang tinggi baik itu flora maupun faunanya Salah satu indikator kestabilan ekosistem yang baik di suatu ekosistem hutan yaitu adanya keanekaragaman semut. Semut berperan penting dalam ekosistem terestrial sebagai predator, herbivor, detrivor, dan granivor. Semakin tinggi keanekaragaman semut, semakin tinggipula tingkat kesehatan hutan tersebut.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui keanekaragaman, kemerataan, dan dominansi spesies semutdi Cagar Alam Bantarbolang, Pemalang, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey dengan teknik pengambilan sampel perangkap jebak (pitfall trap) denganukuranplot1 m x 1 m sebanyak 8 plot. Pada masing-masing plotdibuat 4 subplot untuk pemasangan pitfall trap yang berisi air gula.Semut diambil dari gelas plastik yang berukuran diameter 7,5 cm dan tinggi 10,5 cm yang ditanam setengah dari tinggi gelas plastik dari permukaan tanah, dipasang setiap minggu selama satu bulan kemudian didokumentasikan dan dilakukan identifikasi. Data yang didapat dianalisis menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener dan Indeks dominansi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ditemukan 982 individu yang berasal dari 1 familia yang terbagi menjadi 4 subfamilia. Adapun tingkat keanekaragaman semut dari ordo Hymenoptera dan familia Formicidae yang ada diCagar Alam Bantarbolang, Pemalang, Jawa Tengah menunjukkan nilai indeks keragaman Shannon (H’) berkisar antara 1,394 - 1,855, indeks kemerataan Evenness (E) berkisar antara 0,448 - 0,7101, sedangkan dominasi Simpson (D) yaitu sebesar 0,6363 - 0,8125.
Prevalensi dan Variasi Morfometrik Trichodina sp. pada Benih Ikan Gurami (Osphronemus gouramy Lac.) di Desa Rajapolah Tasikmalaya Mukholladun, Wildan; Rokhmani, Rokhmani; Riwidiharso, Edy
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3220

Abstract

Gurami (Osphronemusgouramy Lac.) Is a type of freshwater fish that is widely cultivated by the people of Indonesia. The high price of gouramy is a measure of consumption and the meat is tender and tasty. In Tasikmalaya, carp farmers in the cultivation of gouramy seeds are still experiencing problems. Gouramy seeds raised to adult size experience high mortality due to ectoparasites. One of the ectoparasites was Trichodina sp. Research has been conducted aimed at 1. Knowing the prevalence of gouramy seeds that were attacked by Trichodina sp. obtained from fish farmers in the village of Rajapolah, Tasikmalaya Regency and 2. Knowing the morphometric variations of Trichodina sp. found in gouramy seeds obtained from fish farmers in Rajapolah Village, Tasikmalaya Regency. The method used in this study is a survey method. Seed gourami aged 2 weeks is use as a sample. Isolation and identification were carried out by making a range preparation and painting using a 2% AgNO3 solution. The results found that the prevalence of 88% or high, while the results of the examination of morphometric variations found 4 species of trichodina sp. namely T. Pediculus, T. Nigra, T.heterodentata, and T. Acuta.Keywords:Trichodina sp., Gourami, morphometric variations, abundance, Rajapolah
Prevalensi Infestasi Cacing Gastrointestinal Pada Kambing (Capra sp.) Yang Dipelihara Secara Intensif Dan Semi Intensif Khirqah, Aulia; Rokhmani, Rokhmani; Riwidiharso, Edy
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 3 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2021.3.3.4224

Abstract

Bahaya akibat infestasi cacing gastrointestinal sangat merugikan pertumbuhan dan perkembangbiakan budidaya kambing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis cacing, prevalensi dan intensitas telur cacing gastrointestinal pada kambing yang dipelihara secara intensif dan semi intensif, serta mengetahui perbandingan prevalensi dan intensitas cacing gastrointestinal berdasarkan jenis kelamin dan usia kambing. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada peternakan kambing intensif dan semi intensif di Desa Klareyan, kecamatan Petarukan, Pemalang dengan metode survey purposive random sampling pada bulan November 2020. Jenis cacing gastrointestinal yang ditemukan pada kambing yang dipelihara secara intensif yaitu Strongyloides sp., Haemonchus sp., Oesophagostomum sp., Trichostrongylus sp., dan Ascaris sp., sedangkan jenis cacing yang ditemukan pada kambing yang dipelihara secara semi intensif yaitu Strongyloides sp., Haemonchus sp., Oesophagostomum sp., Trichostrongylus sp., Ascaris sp., Moniezia expansa, Moniezia benedeni, Fasciola sp., dan Schistosoma sp. Intensitas telur cacing gastrointestinal pada kambing yang dipelihara secara intensif yaitu 1184,44±1743,283 lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan intensitas telur cacing pada kambing yang dipelihara secara semi intensif yaitu 1109,50±1573,737 (P>0,05). Prevalensi infestasi cacing gastrointestinal pada kambing yang dipelihara intensif yaitu 90%, lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan prevalesi telur cacing pada kambing yang dipelihara secara semi intensif dengan prevalensi 100% (Sign. 0,147). Prevalensi dan intensitas cacing gastrointestinal pada kambing jantan lebih kecil dibandingkan pada kambing betina (Sign. 0,189; P>0,05). Selain itu prevalensi dan intensitas telur cacing gastrointestinal pada kambing anakan lebih besar dibandingkan pada kambing medium dan dewasa (Sign. 0,241; F<0,05). Kata kunci: Helminthiasis, Intensif, Kambing, Semi intensif.
Prevalensi dan Kelimpahan Ektoparasit pada Ikan Belanak (Mugil Cephalus) Hasil Tangkapan di Muara Sungai Serayu Adipala Cilacap Pajrulloh, Ade Rizki; Rokhmani, Rokhmani; Riwidiharso, Edy
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 4 No 3 (2022): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2022.4.3.4733

Abstract

Belanak (Mugil cephalus) is a fish that can adapt to a wide salinity 17-30% and its distribution in tropical to subtropical areas, so that mullet can be found in rivers to river mouths, one of which is found in the Serayu River Estuary, Adipala Cilacap. Fish diseases can be caused by parasites, one of which is ectoparasites. Ectoparasites are organisms that benefit from infesting the body surface of fish. This study aims to determine the prevalence of mullet infested with ectoparasites and to determine the abundance of ectoparasites in mullet (Mugil cephalus) in the Serayu Adipala River, Cilacap. The research method used is survey method with purposive random sampling technique. The variables observed were the prevalence and abundance of ectoparasites. The parameters observed were the type and number of ectoparasites found in mullet. The results showed that the prevalence of ectoparasites in mullet, which was 31±13.216%, was included in the general infestation category. The types of ectoparasites found were Dactylogyrus sp. and Apiosoma sp. The abundance of ectoparasites found in mullet is Dactylogyrus sp. of 0.25±0.14 ind/head and Apiosoma sp. of 0.36± 0.14 ind/head. Both results included in the category of very rare infestations and the highest ectoparasites found in the organs of the mullet fish were found in the gills, namely Dactylogyrus sp. as many as 25 individuals.
Kelimpahan dan Variasi Morfometrik Trichodina Sp. pada Benih Ikan Gurami (Osphronemus Gouramy Lac.) di Kolam Budidaya Desa Baji Kecematan Kedungbanteng Banyumas Sahadian, Nurrochmah Hastia; Rokhmani, R; Riwidiharso, Edy
Prosiding SNPBS (Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Biologi dan Saintek) 2016: Prosiding SNPBS (Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Biologi dan Saintek)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (964.144 KB)

Abstract

The center one of Gurami fish hatchery is located on Kedungbanteng, Banyumas district, specially on Beji village. Trichodina sp. is a parasites that infecting the seed of gurami fish. Trichodina sp. is found in the seed of gurami fish hatchery center area with the patogenicity level for about 80 %. The gurami hatchery I is vulnerable component, because it is infecting easily by Trichodina sp. The study purposes is for determine Trichodina sp. abundance and morphometric that is infecting the gurami hatchery I at pond cultivated in Beji village. This reseach method is using survey by random sampling. Gurami seed fish sample taken from pond cultivated of gurami hatchery I in Beji village. Every sampling taken 25 fish in four times, so the calculating are 100 fish number. Reseach variable is Trichodina sp. abundance with number and morphometric parameter. That are body, denticle ring, and adhesive disc diameter, also number of denticle and width of Trichodina sp. membrane. The abundance is obtained by calculating the average number of Trichodina sp. with number of infected fish seed. Characteristic of Trichodina sp. morphometric is done by sampling technique from every infected fish seed. Morphometric variation data of Trichodina sp. analyzed descriptively. Result of this research showed that all of gurami seed are infected by Trichodina sp. All of Trichodina sp. are found as many as 5794 individual from the gurami seed infected. The total abundance of Trichodina sp. from gurami seed for about 60,35 individual and it’s relative highly. Number of Trichodina sp. morphometric measurement show the morphometric variation in body diameter in range 60-102,5 μm; 22,5-52,5 μm denticle ring diameter, 40,62-62,5 μm adhesive disc diameter, 20-26 denticle calculating, 2,5-7,5 μm membran width.
Kekayaan Spesies Ektoparasit pada Ikan Brek (Puntius orphoides) Hasil Tangkapan di Sungai Banjaran Purwokerto Banyumas Rokhmani, R; Riwidiharso, Edy; Utami, Prasetyarti
Prosiding SNPBS (Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Biologi dan Saintek) 2019: Prosiding SNPBS (Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Biologi dan Saintek)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (378.239 KB)

Abstract

Sungai Banjaran merupakan salah satu sungai yang cukup besar, yang mengalir sepanjang tahun, melewati daerah pedesaan dan perkotaan Purwokerto Kabupaten Banyumas. Sungai Banjaran, yang dimanfaatkan penduduk untuk kepentingan sehari-sehari yaitu untuk mandi-cuci-kasus (MCK) dan untuk membuang sampah. Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui kekayaan spesies Ektoparasit pada ikan Brek hasil tangkapan di sungai Banjaran Purwokerto Banyumas. Metode penelitian ini adalah survei. Prevalensi ektoparasit yang ditemukan pada ikan Brek yang tertangkap di Sungai Banjaran adalah 100%. Jenis ektoparasit yang ditemukan adalah hanya protozoa spesies Ichtyobodosp. Dengan jumlah yang sangat banyak, sampai 20protozoa per-ikan.
Co-Authors Darsono Darsono Eming SUDIANA Imam Widhiono Khirqah, Aulia Lucky Prayoga Mukholladun, Wildan Nuraini, Ulfah Pajrulloh, Ade Rizki Rhodiyah, Annisa Fadwa Rokhmani Rokhmani, Rokhmani Rokhmani, R Sahadian, Nurrochmah Hastia Slamet Santoso Utami, Prasetyarti Yani, Edy