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Perlakuan Termomekanik Paduan Mg-Gd Sebagai Material Implan Mampu Luruh Oknovia Susanti; Sri Harjanto; Myrna A Mochtar; Gunawarman Gunawarman
Jurnal Mettek: Jurnal Ilmiah Nasional dalam Bidang Ilmu Teknik Mesin Vol 6 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Teknik Mesin Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/METTEK.2020.v06.i01.p01

Paduan Mg-1,6Gd (wt%) mempunyai potensial sebagai material implan yang mudah larut dalam tubuh. Penambahan Gd kedalam magnesium dan selanjut di proses melalui termomekanik bertujuan untuk memperbaiki sifat-sifat mekanik yaitu kekerasan, kekuatan, ketangguhan dan keuletan dan juga dapat mengontrol laju korosi dalam lingkungan biologis. Perubahan mekanik yang terbentuk akibat penambahan sedikit Gd (1,6wt%) kedalam Mg kemudian diproses termomekanik melalui ekstrusi dan rolling yang dikaitkan dengan hasil strukturmikro melalui ukuran butir dan phasa. Proses termomekanik dilakukan pada temperatur rekristalisasi (400-550 °C) paduan Mg-1,6Gd dengan reduksi 95 %. Pemeriksaan dilakukan di skala labor dengan menggunakan tahap-tahap metalografi dan pengujian tarik dengan ukuran sample yang standar ASTM E8. Uji kekerasan dengan menggunakan alat uji Hardness Vicker dengan berat 300 gram dan ditahan selama 15 detik. Pemerikasaan ini dilanjutkan dengan pengujian laju korosi dengan menggunakan cairan infus. Hasil menunjukan bahwa terjadi perubahan ukuran butir yang siknifikan pada paduan Mg-1,6Gd setelah proses termomekanik terutama pada proses ekstrusi panas yaitu mencapai 14 µm, namun kekerasan tertinggi terdapat pada proses pengerolan yaitu mencapai 50 HVN. Adanya sejumlah presipitat ditemui pada strukturmikro yang dapat mempengaruhi kekerasan akibat pengerolan. Sifat-sifat mekanik paduan Mg-1,6Gd juga dipengaruhi oleh presipitat, dimana kekuatan tertinggi adalah 197 MPa pada pengerolan dibanding ekstrusi hanya mencapai 187 MPa. Meskipun demikian keuletan terbesar dimiliki oleh pengerolan yaitu 26 %, sementara ekstrusi hanya mencapai 24 %. Pada pengujian korosi, pengerolan memiliki laju korosi yang lebih tinggi dibanding laju korosi ekstrusi yaitu 5,7 mmpy dalam larutan Ringer. Kedua proses termodinamik ini mempunyai peluang sebagai material implan yang mudah larut dalam tubuh, namun pengerolan lebih di rekomendasi baik dari sifat mekanik maupun laju korosi yang lebih terkontrol. Mg-1,6Gd (wt%) alloys has potential as a degradable materials implant. The addition of Gd in magnesium and then subsequently processed through thermo-mechanics aims to improve mechanical properties such as hardness, strength, toughness, ductility and can also control the rate of corrosion in the biological environment.Mechanical can be changed by the small addition of Gd (1.6wt%) into Mg are then is processed through extrusion and rolling which are associated with grain size and phase. The thermomechanical process was carried out at a recrystallization temperature (400-550 °C). Mg-1,6Gd alloys was hot rolled with a reduction of 95%. The examination is carried out at a labor scale using metallographic steps and tensile testing with a standard of ASTM E8. Hardness test use the Hardness Vicker with 300 grams and held for 15 seconds. This examination is followed by testing the rate of corrosion using intravenous fluids. The results showed that there was a significant change in grain size in the Mg-1,6Gd alloys after the thermomechanical process, especially in the hot extrusion which reached 14 ?m, but the highest hardness was found in the rolling process which reached 50 HVN. A number of precipitates are found in micro structures that can affect violence due to rolling. The mechanical properties of the Mg-1,6Gd alloys are also affected by the precipitate, where the highest strength is 197 MPa on rolling compared to extrusion reaching only 187 MPa. However, the greatest tenacity is owned by rolling, which is 26%, while extrusion only reaches 24%. In corrosion testing, rolling has a higher corrosion rate than the extrusion corrosion rate of 5.7 mmpy in Ringer's solution. Both of these thermodynamic processes have opportunities as a degradable materials implant, but rolling is more recommended both in terms of mechanical properties and corrosion rates.

PERANCANGAN DAN PEMBUATAN MESIN PEMOTONG PADI SEDERHANA DI DESA PITALAH KABUPATEN TANAH DATAR Oknovia Susanti; Bima Sugesti Arif
Jurnal Hilirisasi IPTEKS Vol 3 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jhi.v3i2.422

This activities discusses the design and manufacture of a simple rice cutting machine, while its benefits are useful for helping farmers during the harvesting process who have been using sickles as traditional rice cutting tools. A simple rice mower consists of several components, namely the main frame, a 40T blade, a thrower, Yasui YSI-328 lawn mower, and wheels. The design for the main frame uses Galvanized iron with a size of 1 inch, the specification of the Yasui YSI-328 lawn mower is a 2-stroke engine with a capacity of 1.8 HP 7000 rpm, a blade diameter of 40 T is 255 mm, a rice thrower component is useful for arranging rice so that lying sideways after cutting aims to prevent the rice from being stepped on by the next tools and components, to make it easier for the tools to walk under the Artco wheel. Supporting applications in making product design using Solidworks 2014 software so that an image of the product is obtained. The fabrication process is carried out in the workshop until the tool is ready in a form that matches the design in the image. After the tool is complete, the next step is the testing phase. The testing phase is carried out in the rice field. The parameters to be observed are the working capacity when cutting the variation of rpm and fuel consumption. The average value of the working capacity of a simple rice cutting machine during the experiment is 0.0131 ha / hour; 0.0141 ha / hour; 0.0149 ha / hour at each variation of engine rpm, namely 1900 rpm, 3700 rpm and 5000 rpm. While the average working capacity using traditional sickles is 0.0105 ha / hour. The exhausted fuel consumption at variations of 1900 rpm, 3700 rpm and 5000 rpm respectively is 15.3333 l / ha; 14 l / ha and 12.6667 l / ha.

PENGEMBANGAN POTENSI PERTANIAN, KESEHATAN DAN SOSIAL DARI NAGARI PANDAM GADANG KECAMATAN GUNUNG OMEH Oknovia Susanti; Oktafiandes Oktafiandes; Dessy Yunita Sulaiman
BULETIN ILMIAH NAGARI MEMBANGUN Vol 3 No 4 (2020)
Publisher : LPPM (Institute for Research and Community Services) Universitas Andalas Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/bina.v3i4.267

The purpose of the activity is to use the knowledge gained during the lecture period to be applied to the community, especially those in remote areas. This activity was carried out at Pandam Gadang, which involved 26 students. Pandam Gadang is a Nagari located in Gunuang Omeh District, Limapuluh Kota Regency. Gunuang Omeh District consists of 3 Nagari, namely Pandam Gadang, Koto Tinggi, and Talang Anau. Pandam Gadang consists of six jorongs, namely Jorong Koto Panjang, Jorong Kampuang Gaduang, Jorong Kampuang Patai, Jorong Ikan Banyak, Jorong Koto Marapak, Jorong Sungai Mangkirai. The problems that are often found in Nagari Pandam Gadang are agricultural problems such as pests and plant diseases and the remaining results of sorting oranges, which reduce productivity in agriculture. Gunuang Omeh sub-district is a district that is famous for its sweet oranges, 95% of the livelihoods of the residents of Nagari Pandam Gadang are farmers, so there are many work programs that students can carry out to improve agriculture in Nagari Pandam Gadang. The implementation of this activity uses training methods, socialization of benefits, and the materials needed and how to make them. The activity results are processing the remaining acidic citrus, which will be processed into orange-flavored jelly candy. Apart from being a new Nagari product, processing these leftover sour oranges can also be a selling point at a more economical price and good for health. It is hoped that Nagari Pandam Gadang will carry out evaluation activities on agricultural products or the obstacles faced every month to maximize agricultural production.

Sifat Mekanik dan Struktur Mikro Logam Paduan Mg-1.6Gd Sebagai Biomaterial yang Larut di dalam Tubuh Oknovia Susanti; Ilhamdi Ilhamdi; Muhammad Ivan Herdian
METAL: Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal Vol 4, No 1 (2020): Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal (METAL)
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Andalas

Recently, the uses of magnesium alloys as implant materials have been potentially applications as biocompatible materials. In this case, the Mg alloys were being concerned because of their mechanical properties that were nearly similar to bones. The addition of Gd in magnesium was in order to control the degradation of magnesium. It is well known that the mechanical properties of Mg-1.6Gd alloys is improved by the small addition. The hardness of the alloys is obtained by the Vickers test with a different position on the samples. The lowest hardness value is 39 HVN, and the highest hardness value is 50 HVN, with the average one is 43.85HVN. Meanwhile, the pure magnesium had 30 HVN. Thus, it could be said that the addition of gadolinium elements could increase the hardness value. Then the tensile test is used a UTM (Universal Testing Machine). The test is used three same untreated samples. From the test are got the ultimate tensile strength of 97-117 MPa, but the ultimate strength of the magnesium is 60 MPa. Microscope optically is used to investigate the microstructure. The grain area is calculated by using the ImageJ program. The result showed that the lowest one is 16 and the highest one is 97.

PENERAPAN ALAT PENDETEKSI KESUBURAN TANAH DAERAH PERTANIAN DI DAERAH TANAH GARAM KOTA SOLOK Oknovia Susanti; Gihan Elja; M. Alfa Rizki
Jurnal Hilirisasi IPTEKS Vol 5 No 4 (2022)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jhi.v5i4.614

Soil fertility is a basic component to produce quality agricultural products so that farmers enjoy the results they have fought for continuously. Therefore, a tool was created to help the community in the process of agricultural processing, one of which is by producing a tool to detect soil fertility while farmers are cultivating it. The tool is made in a very simple way using a 100 watt light bulb, 1 inch pipe, T pipe, 2 plugs, 2 electrical wires containing one (red 1 meter black 2 meters), light fittings, glue, plaster/duct tape. Soil fertility check tool made as much as 2 pieces. The working principle of this tool uses the principle of ohm's law (Ω), where when a medium has a small resistance value, the electric voltage it transmits. If there are many of these cations in the soil, the soil can be said to be fertile. But on the contrary, if the light is dim or does not light up, then the conducting value in the soil is of little value, and the soil can be said to be infertile. The demonstration of this soil fertility checker was carried out directly to farmer groups in the hill rice fields, Solok city. The demonstration of making this tool is expected to provide information to farmer groups on how to make simple tools and check their soil without having to buy expensive soil pH measuring devices. The main points conveyed: the meaning of soil fertility and a demonstration of how to make a simple soil fertility check tool.

The Pengaruh Komposisi Unsur Gadolinium (Gd) terhadap Magnesium (Mg) Melalui Casting sebagai Bahan Dasar Implan: Kajian Literatur Susanti, Oknovia; Affi, Jon; Asrilia, Yuni
Jurnal Penelitian Enjiniring Vol 24 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Center of Techonolgy (COT), Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25042/jpe.112020.12

Magnesium has potential as an implant base material because of its properties required by human bones, such as biocompatibility, non-toxic and easily dissolved (degradability). This element is needed by the human body as much as 375 Mg / day which is stored in bone and blood tissue. Magnesium is the lightest metal which has a mass type of 1.738 gr / cm3 with a modulus of elasticity of 42 GPa which is very close to the modulus of elasticity of natural human bones 10-40 GPa and can be degraded through corrosion that occurs in body fluids containing 0.9 wt% chloride. . Pure magnesium has a high corrosion rate, so there is no need to add alloying elements which can reduce the corrosion rate and at the same time improve its mechanical properties. One of them is through the addition of rare earth alloy elements, namely gadolinium. Currently, magnesium and gadolinium alloys as biodegradable materials are mostly made by casting methods. Therefore, it is necessary to make a literature review on alloys of magnesium and gadolinium by casting methods to see the effect of adding the element gadolinium to magnesium alloys suitable for bone implants in the human body. Based on the results of a literature review of the composition of the effect of the element gadolinium (Gd) on magnesium (Mg) alloys in the casting process for implant base materials, it can be seen that the addition of Gd more than 10% will increase the mechanical properties of the Mg-Gd alloy and a composition suitable for biodegradable implants can be adjusted depending on the needs and health standards as an implant. This Mg-Gd alloy has a wide range of TYS and UTS with TYS 33 MPa-200 MPa and UTS 78 MPa-250 MPa. And the more the element gadolinium is added to magnesium, the smaller the grain size. The smaller the grain size will increase the strength and hardness of the Mg-Gd alloy. Key Words: Biodegradable implants, Pengecoran, Magnesium alloy, Unsur tanah jarang

PENGEMBANGAN POTENSI PERTANIAN, KESEHATAN DAN SOSIAL DARI NAGARI PANDAM GADANG KECAMATAN GUNUNG OMEH Oknovia Susanti; Oktafiandes Oktafiandes; Dessy Yunita Sulaiman
BULETIN ILMIAH NAGARI MEMBANGUN Vol. 3 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : LPPM (Institute for Research and Community Services) Universitas Andalas Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/bina.v3i4.267

The purpose of the activity is to use the knowledge gained during the lecture period to be applied to the community, especially those in remote areas. This activity was carried out at Pandam Gadang, which involved 26 students. Pandam Gadang is a Nagari located in Gunuang Omeh District, Limapuluh Kota Regency. Gunuang Omeh District consists of 3 Nagari, namely Pandam Gadang, Koto Tinggi, and Talang Anau. Pandam Gadang consists of six jorongs, namely Jorong Koto Panjang, Jorong Kampuang Gaduang, Jorong Kampuang Patai, Jorong Ikan Banyak, Jorong Koto Marapak, Jorong Sungai Mangkirai. The problems that are often found in Nagari Pandam Gadang are agricultural problems such as pests and plant diseases and the remaining results of sorting oranges, which reduce productivity in agriculture. Gunuang Omeh sub-district is a district that is famous for its sweet oranges, 95% of the livelihoods of the residents of Nagari Pandam Gadang are farmers, so there are many work programs that students can carry out to improve agriculture in Nagari Pandam Gadang. The implementation of this activity uses training methods, socialization of benefits, and the materials needed and how to make them. The activity results are processing the remaining acidic citrus, which will be processed into orange-flavored jelly candy. Apart from being a new Nagari product, processing these leftover sour oranges can also be a selling point at a more economical price and good for health. It is hoped that Nagari Pandam Gadang will carry out evaluation activities on agricultural products or the obstacles faced every month to maximize agricultural production.

Inovasi Mesin Penghalus Rempah-Rempah di Koto Anau Kabupaten Solok untuk Peningkatan Ekonomi Masyarakat Mujaahid, Muhammad Khalid Al; Susanti, Oknovia; Alhadid, Muhammad Alif; Gasni , Dedison
BATOBO: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol 3 No 1: BATOBO: Juni 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Elektro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/batobo.3.1.67-76

Rempah-rempah dan herbal telah lama menjadi bagian penting dalam kehidupan manusia, digunakan sebagai bahan kuliner, obat-obatan tradisional, dan produk kosmetik. Indonesia, khususnya di kawasan Asia Tenggara, dikenal sebagai pusat penghasil rempah-rempah berkualitas tinggi di dunia. Nagari Koto Anau di Kabupaten Solok merupakan salah satu daerah penghasil rempah-rempah yang melimpah, seperti cengkeh dan kayu manis. Namun, meskipun kaya akan sumber daya alam, para petani setempat masih menjual rempah-rempah mentah karena keterbatasan teknologi pengolahan, seperti mesin penggiling. Keterbatasan ini menyebabkan nilai produk yang rendah, sehingga mengurangi pendapatan petani. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, tim pengabdian masyarakat menginisiasi merancang mesin penggiling rempah yang dapat diakses oleh petani. Desain alat penghalus rempah-rempah ini memiliki tinggi 1422 mm, panjang 500 mm, dan lebar 200 mm. Sedangkan untuk corong masuk bagian atasnya memiliki panjang 400 mm, lebar 250 mm, pada bagian bawahnya memiliki panjang 160 mm, dan lebar 60 mm. Pada corong keluar memiliki panjang di bagian atasnya 500 mm, dan lebar 180 mm, sedangkan pada panjang bagian bawahnya 500 mm. Alat ini ditenagai motor bakar bertenaga 7,5 HP dan kecepatan putar 3600 rpm. Hasil penggunaan alat penghalus rempah-rempah adalah rempah menjadi halus, merata, dan kapasitas hasil produksi diperoleh sebanyak 20 kg. Alat ini dirancang untuk mempermudah, mempercepat pengolahan, meningkatkan efisiensi, menghemat waktu, mengurangi tenaga, serta mendukung pengembangan usaha pengolahan rempah di tingkat lokal.

Identifikasi Potensi Pengembangan Tanah Dasar (Subgrade) dengan Metode Korelasi Sifat-Sifat Indeks dan Mineralogi Yuliet, Rina; Putra, Rizki Satria; Susanti, Oknovia
Siklus : Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): Siklus: Jurnal Teknik Sipil
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Sipil Fakultas Teknik Universitas Lancang Kuning

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31849/rxh59031

Potensi pengembangan adalah cara untuk menggambarkan sifat tanah ekspansif. Fenomena tanah ekspansif memiliki dampak terhadap kerusakan pada struktur dan infrastruktur. Retak yang terjadi pada perkerasan kaku adalah salah satu kerusakan pada infrastuktur jalan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi pengembangan pada tanah dasar (subgrade) untuk jalan dengan metode korelasi sifat-sifat indeks dan mineralogi. Berdasarkan sistem klasifikasi unifikasi, tanah di kawasan Universitas Andalas dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai tanah lempung plastisitas rendah dengan pasir (CL) dan nilai kuat geser tanah rata-rata yang cukup tinggi 0,685 kg/cm2. Hasil identifikasi potensi pengembangan menggunakan korelasi batas-batas atterberg menunjukkan bahwa subgrade jalan bersifat tidak ekspansif. Berdasarkan korelasi pengembangan dengan aktivitas (A) dengan nilai antara 0,02 hingga 0,25. Identifikasi meneralogi menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) dan X-Ray Difraction (XRD) didapatkan kandungan mineral gibbsite yang memiliki potensi mengembang yang rendah dan illite yang memiliki potensi mengembang ketika terpapar air. Hasil potensi pengembangan (S) didapatkan nilai yang bervariasi antara 6,35×10-8 % hingga 0,29 %, nilai ini memiliki derajat pengembangan yang rendah. Dari hasil identifikasi menggunakan korelasi sifat-sifat indeks dan korelasi mineralogi dapat diketahui bahwa subgrade jalan di kawasan Universitas Andalas memiliki potensi pengembangan yang rendah, sehingga retak yang terjadi pada perkerasan kaku di ruas jalan tersebut bukanlah disebabkan oleh sifat subgrade yang ekspansif. Retak yang terjadi kemungkinan disebabkan oleh penyusutan beton, kelebihan beban, kualitas beton yang tidak sesuai dan sebagainya. Untuk perbaikan keretakan pada perkerasan kaku dapat menggunakan bahan yang sesuai, seperti epoxy atau grouting khusus untuk beton, agar keretakan tidak berkembang lebih lanjut.

Rare Earth Elements (REE) Extraction from The Stones Hill at Padang Area by Precipitation Oknovia Susanti; Zeky Azizi
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 10 No 7 (2024): July
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v10i7.8277

Rare Earth Elements (REE) are a very important element in modern life such as electronics, materials engineering, and even medicine. Gadolinium (Gd) is one of the REEs that is used as a basic material for implants as well as being used for other basic materials such as a corrosion inhibitor, control rods for nuclear reactors, and others. In this case, the elements are found along hills in the Padang area which have the potential to be produced in large quantities from six rock minerals such as granite, basalt, clay, silica, tuff, and limestone.). Based on the results of identification using the XRF spectrometer test tool, it was found that the six mineral rocks had an abundance of rare earth elements. The results of testing the extraction of Gadolinium Oxide (Gd2O3) using XRF were successfully carried out, Gd2O3 can be extracted by 0.06% - 1.84% in basalt rock, 0.47% - 0.95% in clay rock, and 0% - 0.88% in silica rock. This proves that the main rock minerals from stones have the Rare Earth Elements (REE) and can be extracted with using the Precipitation Extraction method.

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