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Yoga, Bambang Hastha
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Efektivitas Haloperidol-Difenhidramin sebagai Terapi Agitasi Akut pada Pasien Skizofrenia: Narrative Review Rahmawati, Fita; Medisusyanti, Amalia Suci; Yoga, Bambang Hastha; Oktasari, Sholikhah Rosvita
Jurnal Skala Kesehatan Vol 16 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Skala Kesehatan Edisi Juli 2025
Publisher : Politeknik Kementerian Kesehatan Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31964/jsk.v16i2.447

Abstract

Schizophrenia psychiatric disorder is characterized by the emergence of delusions, hallucinations, and the inability to distinguish between reality and fantasy. In the acute phase, people with schizophrenia can experience agitation that can endanger themselves and those around them. Rapid-acting antipsychotics with minimal side effects are needed in treating acute agitation in schizophrenia patients. Haloperidol is a first-generation antipsychotic that acts on dopamine D2 receptors, which helps reduce positive and negative symptoms. Haloperidol has been widely used for the treatment of acute agitation because of its rapid effects, but the prevalence of extrapyramidal symptoms is relatively high. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine with anticholinergic activity used to treat extrapyramidal symptoms. Several guidelines recommend the use of diphenhydramine as a pharmacological therapy for extrapyramidal symptoms, but in practice, psychiatry provides diphenhydramine together with haloperidol as prophylaxis. This combination helps treat acute agitation, where haloperidol can reduce symptoms of schizophrenia, and diphenhydramine can provide sedation and treatment of extrapyramidal symptoms. The challenge in managing acute agitation in schizophrenia patients continues due to drug side effects. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia is expected to produce effective pharmacological therapy alternatives in treating acute agitation
Hubungan Karakteristik Pasien Skizofrenia dengan Efek Samping Neurolectic Malignant Syndrome (NMS): The Relationship Between the Characteristics of Schizophrenia Patients with Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) Puspita, Okta; Ikawati, Zullies; Yoga, Bambang Hastha; Ishak, Ishak; Mutmaina, Bindaria
Jurnal Surya Medika (JSM) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Surya Medika (JSM)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/jsm.v11i2.9760

Abstract

Terapi antipsikotik yang menjadi salah satu penyebab terjadinya neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) merupakan terapi utama pasien skizofrenia dan digunakan dalam terapi jangka panjang. Peningkatan kasus skizofrenia yang berhubungan dengan peningkatan penggunaan antipsikotik dan karakteristik yang berbeda pada tiap individu berisiko meningkatkan efek samping NMS hingga mortalitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat hubungan antara karakteristik pasien skizofrenia dengan efek samping neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS). Penelitian dilakukan di RSJ Prof. dr. Soerojo Magelang dan RSJ Dr. Radjiman Wediodiningrat Lawang dengan rancangan observasional analitik case control secara retrospektif melalui data rekam medis pasien rawat inap periode Januari 2018 - Agustus 2023. Populasi penelitian terdiri dari 31 subyek untuk kelompok kasus (pasien skizofrenia yang mengalami NMS) dan 62 subyek untuk kelompok kontrol (pasien skizofrenia tidak mengalami NMS). Hasil analisis bivariat secara chi square dan fisher test tidak menunjukkan nilai yang signifikan antara hubungan karakteristik pasien (umur, jenis kelamin, obat lain, penyakit penyerta, jumlah antipsikotik dan dosis antipsikotik) skizofrenia dengan efek samping neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara karakteristik pasien skizofrenia dengan efek samping neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS).
Co-Authors Fita Rahmawati Ishak Ishak Medisusyanti, Amalia Suci Mutmaina, Bindaria Oktasari, Sholikhah Rosvita Puspita, Okta