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Efektivitas Haloperidol-Difenhidramin sebagai Terapi Agitasi Akut pada Pasien Skizofrenia: Narrative Review Rahmawati, Fita; Medisusyanti, Amalia Suci; Yoga, Bambang Hastha; Oktasari, Sholikhah Rosvita
Jurnal Skala Kesehatan Vol 16 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Skala Kesehatan Edisi Juli 2025
Publisher : Politeknik Kementerian Kesehatan Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31964/jsk.v16i2.447

Abstract

Schizophrenia psychiatric disorder is characterized by the emergence of delusions, hallucinations, and the inability to distinguish between reality and fantasy. In the acute phase, people with schizophrenia can experience agitation that can endanger themselves and those around them. Rapid-acting antipsychotics with minimal side effects are needed in treating acute agitation in schizophrenia patients. Haloperidol is a first-generation antipsychotic that acts on dopamine D2 receptors, which helps reduce positive and negative symptoms. Haloperidol has been widely used for the treatment of acute agitation because of its rapid effects, but the prevalence of extrapyramidal symptoms is relatively high. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine with anticholinergic activity used to treat extrapyramidal symptoms. Several guidelines recommend the use of diphenhydramine as a pharmacological therapy for extrapyramidal symptoms, but in practice, psychiatry provides diphenhydramine together with haloperidol as prophylaxis. This combination helps treat acute agitation, where haloperidol can reduce symptoms of schizophrenia, and diphenhydramine can provide sedation and treatment of extrapyramidal symptoms. The challenge in managing acute agitation in schizophrenia patients continues due to drug side effects. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia is expected to produce effective pharmacological therapy alternatives in treating acute agitation
Aktivitas Sitototoksik Fraksi Polar Umbi Bawang Putih (Allium sativum L.) terhadap Sel T47D Medisusyanti, Amalia Suci; Haryoto, H
Prosiding University Research Colloquium Proceeding of The 7th University Research Colloquium 2018: Bidang MIPA dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Konsorsium Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah 'Aisyiyah (PTMA) Koordinator Wilayah Jawa Tengah - DIY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Kanker payudara merupakan penyebab umum kematian keduaterbesar pada perempuan. Terapi dengan suatu agen kemoterapibiasanya tidak selektif karena dapat mengganggu pertumbuhan selnormal sehingga hal tersebut mendorong untuk dikembangkansebagai agen kemopreventif yang berasal dari bahan alam sepertiumbi bawang putih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuiaktivitas sitotoksik fraksi polar umbi bawang putih terhadap selkanker payudara T47D. Serbuk umbi bawang putih diekstraksidengan cara maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%. Ekstrak kemudiandi fraksinasi dengan metode partisi cair-cair sehingga diperolehfraksi polar. Uji aktivitas sitotoksik dengan metode MTT assay untukmengetahui IC50. Konsentrasi larutan uji yang di gunakan sebesar500; 250; 125 ?g/mL. Hasil dibaca menggunakan Elisa readerdengan panjang gelombang 550 nm. Hasil uji sitotoksik fraksi polarumbi bawang putih menunjukkan persen sel hidup terkecil padakonsentrasi 500 ?g/mL sebesar 99,702%.