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All Journal Journal of Islamic Civilization Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Makara Journal of Health Research Eruditio : Indonesia Journal of Food and Drug Safety Borneo Journal of Pharmacy
Ikrar, Taruna
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Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Neurophenomenology of Savant Syndrome Anurogo, Dito; Ikrar, Taruna
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 42, No 9 (2015): Pediatri
Publisher : PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (705.585 KB) | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v42i9.971

Abstract

Savant syndrome is an enigmatic disorder. It is characterized by cluster of outstanding mental ability in otherwise handicapped individuals. People with savant syndrome exhibit exceptional-extraordinary abilities and demonstrate some specific talents or particular skills along with developmental disabilities. Their profound and prodigous abilities are far in excess of what are considered normal. There is a paradoxical presence of special skills and distinguished disabilities. The documented savant skills include “lightning-speed” numerical calculation, calendrical calculation, musical savants (exceptional musical abilities, especially perfect pitch), artistic skills, hyperlexics (fast reading and understanding). Other types of talents and artistic skills involving three-dimensional drawing, map memory, poetry, painting, and sculpturing are also observed. The goal of this scientific article is to review savant syndrome, based on neurophenomenology framework and recent findings.Sindrom savant adalah gangguan yang misterius. Sindrom ini ditandai dengan adanya beberapa kemampuan mental yang menonjol pada individu dengan kelainan/cacat jasmani. Orang dengan sindrom savant menunjukkan beragam kemampuan luar-biasa serta memiliki beberapa bakat khusus atau keterampilan yang istimewa di samping gangguan perkembangan. Kemampuan yang dimilikinya melampaui kondisi normal. Ada paradoks dari kehebatan dan cacat yang dimilikinya. Beberapa keterampilan yang terdokumentasikan, misalnya: perhitungan numerik kilat, kalkulasi kalender, musik (kecuali kemampuan musikal, terutama pitch yang sempurna), keterampilan artistik, hiperleksia (kemampuan membaca dan memahami kilat). Jenis bakat dan kemampuan artistik lainnya antara lain menggambar tiga dimensi, ingatan tentang peta, puisi, lukisan, dan seni memahat. Tujuan artikel ilmiah ini adalah untuk meninjau sindrom savant berdasarkan pendekatan neurofenomenologi, dan kepustakaan serta riset terkini.
Sindrom Asperger Anurogo, Dito; Ikrar, Taruna
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 42, No 2 (2015): Bedah
Publisher : PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (168.821 KB) | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v42i2.1039

Abstract

Sindrom Asperger (AS) atau sindrom profesor kecil telah dikenal lebih dari 50 tahun yang lalu. Ditandai dengan adanya gangguan interaksi sosial, minat yang berulang, terbatas atau sempit, rutinitas yang repetitif, problematika komunikasi nonverbal, keunikan motorik, keanehan berbicara dan berbahasa disertai keterlambatan penguasaan bahasa dengan kecerdasan normal. Secara klinis dibedakan dari autisme dan high-functioning autism oleh ketiadaan keterlambatan berbicara. Tinjauan ini membahas mengenai sinonim, sejarah, definisi, epidemiologi, etiologi, potret klinis, karakteristik dan ciri khas, diagnosis, penyerta, diagnosis banding, pemeriksaan penunjang, penatalaksanaan, dan pencegahan sindrom Asperger.Asperger syndrome (AS) or little professor syndrome was described since over 50 years ago. It is characterized by social interaction impairments, narrow and restrictive or repetitive interests, repetitive routines, nonverbal communication problems, motor clumsiness, speech and language peculiarities with a lack of significant delays in language acquisition and with normal intelligence. It is clinically differentiated from autism and high-functioning autism by the absence of clinically delayed speech. This review discusses about synonyms, history, definition, epidemiology, etiology, clinical portraits, characteristics and pathognomonics, diagnostics, comorbidities, differential diagnosis, additional assessments, management, and prevention of AS.
Bionanomedicine: A “Panacea” In Medicine? Anurogo, Dito; Parikesit, Arli A; Ikrar, Taruna
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 21, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Recent advances in nanotechnology, biotechnology, bioinformatics, and materials science have prompted novel developments in the field of nanomedicine. Enhancements in the theranostics, computational information, and management of diseases/disorders are desperately required. It may now be conceivable to accomplish checked improvements in both of these areas utilising nanomedicine. This scientific and concise review concentrates on the fundamentals and potential of nanomedicine, particularly nanoparticles and their advantages, nanoparticles for siRNA conveyance, nanopores, nanodots, nanotheragnostics, nanodrugs and targeting mechanisms, and aptamer nanomedicine. The combination of various scientific fields is quickening these improvements, and these interdisciplinary endeavours to have significant progressively outstretching influences on different fields of research. The capacities of nanomedicine are immense, and nanotechnology could give medicine a completely new standpoint.
Nurcholish Madjid's Multiperspective Neuroparaemiophenomenology of Love Kao, Tzu-Jen; Anurogo, Dito; Rachman, Budhy Munawar; Ikrar, Taruna
Journal of Islamic Civilization Vol 4 No 1 (2022): Journal of Islamic Civilization
Publisher : Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/jic.v4i1.2966

Abstract

Unification theory seeks to gain a comprehensive understanding of something. The goal of unification theory is to bring together multiviews on love. If “Love” is not understood from multiple perspectives, it will be difficult to understand and easy to misinterpret. This paper expresses Nurcholish Madjid's "Love" thoughts based on his works. Given the scope of the issue, Love will be examined through the lens of neuroparemiofenomenology, or the collaboration of neuroscience, paremiology, and phenomenology. The term "Love" was searched using "Nurcholish Madjid's Complete Works," edited by Dr. Budhy Munawar-Rachman. The neuroparemiopheno menological perspective is hoped to reveal the fundamental meaning of "love" in a comprehensive and complete manner. Teori unifikasi berusaha untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang komprehensif tentang sesuatu. Tujuan dari teori unifikasi adalah untuk menyatukan berbagai pandangan tentang cinta. Cinta akan sulit dipahami dan mudah disalahtafsirkan bila tidak dimengerti melalui multiperspektif. Tulisan ini mengungkapkan pemikiran "Cinta" ala Nurcholish Madjid berdasarkan karya-karyanya. Mengingat luasnya problematika, maka Cinta akan dibahas berdasarkan perspektif neuroparemiofenomenologi, yakni: kolaborasi antara neurosains, paremiologi, dan fenomenologi. Terminologi "Cinta" dicari berdasarkan "Karya Lengkap Nurcholish Madjid" dengan Dr. Budhy Munawar-Rachman selaku ketua penyunting. Diharapkan perspektif neuroparemiofenomenologi dapat mengungkapkan makna fundamental "cinta" secara komprehensif dan paripurna.
The Strategic Role of the Indonesian FDA in Empowering Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in the Drug and Food Sectors: A Review Kashuri, Mohamad; Ikrar, Taruna
Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Borneo Journal of Pharmacy
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v8i1.8432

Abstract

This review examines the evolving role of the Indonesian Food and Drug Authority (BPOM) in empowering Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) within the pharmaceutical and food sectors. While significant strides have been made in recent years, challenges remain. These include discrepancies between regulatory objectives and the practical capabilities of SMEs, particularly in navigating complex regulatory frameworks. While digitalization initiatives and technical assistance programs have shown promise, their impact is often hindered by resource limitations and resistance to change among stakeholders. This review underscores the critical need for a balanced approach that effectively integrates regulatory oversight with targeted support for SME growth. Fostering an ecosystem that encourages innovation and ensures regulatory compliance necessitates a multi-stakeholder approach, demanding more sustainable and effective coordination among government agencies, industry associations, and academic institutions. The success of BPOM's empowerment efforts hinges on adopting flexible, technology-driven, and results-oriented strategies. Future endeavors should prioritize long-term evaluations of existing programs, develop robust metrics to assess their effectiveness and explore innovative approaches to address the evolving regulatory landscape in the digital era.
Analysis of Trends in Cosmetics Supervision Cases in Indonesia in 2021-2024 Kashuri, Mohamad; Ikrar, Taruna; Indrayanto, Gunawan
Eruditio : Indonesia Journal of Food and Drug Safety Vol 5 No 2 (2025): Edisi Juni
Publisher : Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54384/eruditio.v5i2.235

Abstract

This study offers a comprehensive analysis of cosmetic product regulation in Indonesia from 2021 to 2024, examining enforcement trends, patterns of regulatory non-compliance, and the evolving oversight role of the Indonesian Food and Drug Authority (BPOM). Data were obtained from BPOM’s annual inspection and enforcement reports and analyzed descriptively to identify changes in regulatory compliance over time. The results reveal that the majority of violations originated from Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs), accounting for 1–2% of total cases, while larger industries reported slightly higher rates (2.7–6.9%). A significant 165% surge in products without distribution permits was recorded from 2021 to 2022, followed by substantial reductions in 2023 (85%) and 2024 (32%). Adherence to Good Cosmetic Manufacturing Practices (GCMP) showed a consistent improvement from 2022 onwards. Violations involving labeling, advertising, and product claims also declined, though more than 1,500 cases are still reported annually. Public education campaigns have played a crucial role in enhancing consumer awareness and minimizing exposure to unsafe products. Enforcement data further demonstrate a reduction in formal sanctions and warnings, reflecting BPOM’s strategic pivot toward a more preventive and facilitative regulatory approach. Looking ahead, BPOM needs to strengthen industry compliance by expanding its technical assistance initiatives through both direct consultations and digital platforms, supporting a more risk-based and innovation-friendly regulatory environment.
Co-Authors Budhy Munawar Rachman Daniel Happy Putra Dito Anurogo, Dito Gunawan Indrayanto Kao, Tzu-Jen Parikesit, Arli A