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Human-wildlife conflict in Chiredzi Gonarezhou National Park: Conflict to coexistence Basera, Vitalis; Godfrey, Makandwa
Bahasa Indonesia Vol 5 No 1 (2025): APRIL 2025
Publisher : School of Tourism, Universitas Ciputra Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37715/jtce.v5i1.5308

The successful conservation of wildlife and the well-being of communities living adjacent to protected areas largely depends on the extent to which the communities and wildlife themselves can coexist. Where coexistence fails, human-wildlife conflicts (HWC) arise. Almost every country in the world faces some form of HWC, and highly biodiversity, developing countries like Zimbabwe particularly struggle with this issue. The purpose of this study was to provide the detailed information on the status, nature and dynamics of HWC, how it is experienced and how communities living in and adjacent to HWC hotspots around Gonarezhou are affected. Knowledge gained from this study will inform the design and implementation of a suite of strategies and interventions in HWC mitigation. This study was conducted in eight wards with HWC hotspots around Gonarezhou in Zimbabwe Zimbabwe in particular Chitsa, Chibwedziva, Twanani, Batanai, Chichingwe, Xibhavahlengwe, Sengwe and Xini. The local communities in these study sites live alongside and share their space with wildlife. A mixed methods approach was used to conduct this study, which involved the use of quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques. The quantitative data collection involved the use of structured household questionnaires, and a total of 560 households were interviewed across the study sites. The qualitative data collection techniques involved discussions with 28 focus groups and 12 interviews with key informants across the eight study sites. Results from household surveys showed that attitudes towards wildlife protection are generally positive. The incidences of HWC varied across the study sites with some sites such as Sengwe and Xibhavahlengwe experiencing higher levels of conflict. The study recommends for a holistic solution which addresses both HWC and poverty is critical in protecting biodiversity and improving livelihoods in communities around Gonarezhou National Park.

Economic contribution of agritourism in Zimbabwe: An empirical study Baipai, Rudorwashe; Basera, Vitalis; Baipai, Richard; Kwinje, Catherine Paada; Hurombo, Brighton
Bahasa Indonesia Vol 5 No 1 (2025): APRIL 2025
Publisher : School of Tourism, Universitas Ciputra Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37715/jtce.v5i1.5321

Agritourism is an important economic driver that has contributed significantly to the economies of most developed countries. However, the significance of the contribution of agritourism has been minimally explored in the developing world context, particularly in Zimbabwe. Therefore, this study aims to assess the economic contribution of agritourism in Zimbabwe from the supply side. Using a qualitative approach, farmers' perceptions of the economic contributions of agritourism were collected and analyzed. The assessed variables included farm income, sales, profits, employment, tax revenue generated, value addition, size of agritourism businesses, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Twenty (21) agritourism ventures were purposively selected and in-depth interviews were conducted. The results of this study indicate that agritourism’s contribution to Zimbabwe's economy is still meager. They showed that agritourism activities increased farm income, sales, profits, employment, tax remittances, value addition, and GDP by a small margin. Revenue generated through farm entry fees and farm activities has a low effect on farm profits, except for farms with accommodation facilities. Therefore, the study recommends the development of various adaptable strategies to increase tourist flow to farms, including increased marketing efforts, offering family and holiday events, creating entertainment facilities, and increasing agricultural production. The results of this study provide policymakers, farmers, and other relevant stakeholders with information that can be used to assess the potential and profitability of agritourism. Furthermore, policy recommendations are provided to strengthen agritourism as a sustainable diversification strategy for farmers.

Sustainable tourism practices adopted by the hotel sector in Zimbabwe. Hotel managers perceptions Muchingami, Abraham; Basera, Vitalis; Mashoko, Dennis; Bhasopo, Trinity
Journal of Sustainable Tourism and Entrepreneurship Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): September
Publisher : Goodwood Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35912/joste.v7i1.2491

Purpose: This study investigated hotel managers perceptions of sustainability practices adopted in the hotel sector in Zimbabwe, focusing on hotels in Mutare. The issue of sustainable business practices is driving modern-day business operations, and hotels are leading the adoption of sustainable tourism practices. Managers perceive the adoption of sustainable tourism practices in varied or indifferent manners. This study focused on identifying the extent to which hotels in Zimbabwe have adopted sustainable practices, the impacts of adopting these practices, the challenges hotels face when adopting these practices, and the strategies hotels implement when adopting these practices. Research Methodology: A qualitative research design was used to understand hotel managers’ perceptions regarding the adoption of sustainable tourism practices, with interviews being used to collect data. The study’s population comprised managerial employees and supervisors of selected hotels in Mutare, Zimbabwe. Results: The findings revealed that the implementation of sustainable practices has a positive impact on hotel operations in terms of reduced consumption of water and energy, waste reduction, promotion of the local economy, and empowerment of societies. Conclusion: Hotels in Mutare perceive sustainability as highly beneficial, not only for cost savings and environmental protection but also for competitive advantages. Training, guest involvement, and certification emerged as essential strategies, whereas resistance, high costs, and lack of knowledge were noted as barriers. Limitations: The study used only hotel managers in Mutare to represent all hotel managers in Zimbabwe, and it was purely qualitative. Contributions: The study concluded that waste management undertakings, such as recycling, re-use, or sale of processed or unprocessed waste substances, can also contribute towards efficiency.

Factors influencing student enrolment in young universities: A case study in Zimbabwe Basera, Vitalis; Munikwa, Simbabrashe
Journal of Social, Humanity, and Education Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025): August
Publisher : Goodwood Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35912/jshe.v5i4.2520

Purpose: This study explored factors affecting students’ enrolment in young universities, focusing particularly on one young university in Zimbabwe. Young universities are experiencing enrolment challenges, which involve investigating the causal factors for sustainable development and operations of the universities. Research methodology: The study adopted the interpretivist paradigm and used a combination of qualitative approaches for data collection and analysis within a case study design. The study’s sample comprised ten heads of department, one admissions registrar and forty-eight students purposively selected from a young university. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were used to generate the data. The data were analyzed using a directed content analysis approach. Results: The study revealed that students’ university enrolment is affected mainly by students’ experiences, career orientations, changes in high school graduate preferences, admissions process, transport, accommodation, programmes offered, competition in university education, social capital variables, government policy, cost of education, and disasters. Conclusions: The revealed key stakeholders influencing students’ enrolment in young universities reflected strategies that can be used to increase students’ enrolment, chiefly public awareness, academic support, and student support services. Limitations: While this study adopted a qualitative methodology, which can be a limiting factor in terms of inference, for further research, the study recommends the adoption of a quantitative method. Contribution: This study recommends that universities strategically plan for student enrolment using a multi-stakeholder approach. The study also recommends that the government adequately fund university development and ensure that university education is affordable to everyone.

Sustainable tourism practices adopted by the hotel sector in Zimbabwe. Hotel managers perceptions Muchingami, Abraham; Basera, Vitalis; Mashoko, Dennis; Bhasopo, Trinity
Journal of Sustainable Tourism and Entrepreneurship Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): September
Publisher : Goodwood Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35912/joste.v7i1.2491

Purpose: This study investigated hotel managers perceptions of sustainability practices adopted in the hotel sector in Zimbabwe, focusing on hotels in Mutare. The issue of sustainable business practices is driving modern-day business operations, and hotels are leading the adoption of sustainable tourism practices. Managers perceive the adoption of sustainable tourism practices in varied or indifferent manners. This study focused on identifying the extent to which hotels in Zimbabwe have adopted sustainable practices, the impacts of adopting these practices, the challenges hotels face when adopting these practices, and the strategies hotels implement when adopting these practices. Research Methodology: A qualitative research design was used to understand hotel managers’ perceptions regarding the adoption of sustainable tourism practices, with interviews being used to collect data. The study’s population comprised managerial employees and supervisors of selected hotels in Mutare, Zimbabwe. Results: The findings revealed that the implementation of sustainable practices has a positive impact on hotel operations in terms of reduced consumption of water and energy, waste reduction, promotion of the local economy, and empowerment of societies. Conclusion: Hotels in Mutare perceive sustainability as highly beneficial, not only for cost savings and environmental protection but also for competitive advantages. Training, guest involvement, and certification emerged as essential strategies, whereas resistance, high costs, and lack of knowledge were noted as barriers. Limitations: The study used only hotel managers in Mutare to represent all hotel managers in Zimbabwe, and it was purely qualitative. Contributions: The study concluded that waste management undertakings, such as recycling, re-use, or sale of processed or unprocessed waste substances, can also contribute towards efficiency.

Impetus of urban horticulture on open spaces: case of Mutare City Basera, Vitalis; Chakaipa, Absai; Dube, Phamella
Journal of Social, Humanity, and Education Vol. 1 No. 1 (2020): November
Publisher : Goodwood Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35912/jshe.v1i1.283

Purpose: To understand the impetus of urban horticulture in the Mutare city with explicit motivation on low density areas. Research methodology: The investigation was quantitative in nature, and used a random sample of urban farmers in Mutare city low density areas. The Statistical Package for Social Scientist (SPSS Version 23) was used to analyse data from the questionnaires. Results: The results reveal that Mutare urban agricultural activities are driven by the need for food self-sufficient, income generation and utilisation of urban open spaces. Limitations: The research had limitations on the sample size and also needed to factor in other multiple response questions. Contributions: The findings are useful to urbanites, urban planners, developmental agents and authorities in the development of urban agriculture. Keywords: Urban horticulture, Urban agriculture, Mutare, Impetus, Food security

Modelling association between two Multiple Response Categorical Variables (MRCV) using generalized log-linear models: the case of urban agriculture in Mutare City Chakaipa, Absai; Basera, Vitalis; Dube, Phamella
Journal of Social, Humanity, and Education Vol. 1 No. 2 (2021): February
Publisher : Goodwood Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35912/jshe.v1i2.401

Purpose: This research aimed to apply log-linear modelling to model association between multiple response categorical variables (MRCV) on urban agriculture and enhance data analysis of the paper by Basera, Chakaipa, & Dube (2020) impetus of urban agriculture on open spaces of Mutare City. Research methodology: The research data was obtained from households and farmers in Mutare City - urban and peri-urban (inclusive of plots in Weirmouth Park and Fern Valley area in December 2020. A total of one hundred and fifteen (115) household farmers were surveyed. Results: Simultaneous Pairwise Marginal Independence (SPMI) tests revealed the presence of associations. Log-linear tests revealed a perfect fit based on small standardized Pearson residuals and a strong positive association based on observed and model-predicted odds ratios on-field agricultural activities and use of herbicides. Log-linear and further application of heterogeneity tests revealed partial and near no perfect fit in other pairs of MRCVs with a strong negative association between municipality vacant places and field agricultural activities. Limitations: The research could not carry out log-linear model associations of three or more MRCVs because files exceeded 2GB in memory on both MI.test () function for SPMI tests and genloglin regressions. Contribution: The study contributes to urban agriculture planning especially in enactment of urban agriculture laws, agriculture one stop shop business centers housing farm input supply shops, farm produce shops, and determining fit support that can be rendered to urban farmers. Keywords: Multiple Response Categorical Variables (MRCV), Association, Urban agriculture

Factors influencing student enrolment in young universities: A case study in Zimbabwe Basera, Vitalis; Munikwa, Simbabrashe
Journal of Social, Humanity, and Education Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025): August
Publisher : Goodwood Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35912/jshe.v5i4.2520

Purpose: This study explored factors affecting students’ enrolment in young universities, focusing particularly on one young university in Zimbabwe. Young universities are experiencing enrolment challenges, which involve investigating the causal factors for sustainable development and operations of the universities. Research methodology: The study adopted the interpretivist paradigm and used a combination of qualitative approaches for data collection and analysis within a case study design. The study’s sample comprised ten heads of department, one admissions registrar and forty-eight students purposively selected from a young university. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were used to generate the data. The data were analyzed using a directed content analysis approach. Results: The study revealed that students’ university enrolment is affected mainly by students’ experiences, career orientations, changes in high school graduate preferences, admissions process, transport, accommodation, programmes offered, competition in university education, social capital variables, government policy, cost of education, and disasters. Conclusions: The revealed key stakeholders influencing students’ enrolment in young universities reflected strategies that can be used to increase students’ enrolment, chiefly public awareness, academic support, and student support services. Limitations: While this study adopted a qualitative methodology, which can be a limiting factor in terms of inference, for further research, the study recommends the adoption of a quantitative method. Contribution: This study recommends that universities strategically plan for student enrolment using a multi-stakeholder approach. The study also recommends that the government adequately fund university development and ensure that university education is affordable to everyone.

A snap on quality management in Zimbabwe: a perspectives review Basera, Vitalis; Mwenje, Judy; Ruturi, Samson
Annals of Management and Organization Research Vol. 1 No. 2 (2019): November
Publisher : goodwood publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35912/amor.v1i2.278

Purpose: The main objective of this article was to provide evidence concerning the level of Quality Management (QM) in Zimbabwe. Submitted evidence regarding QM in Zimbabwe will help organizations that want to implement QM systems. The results can guide government agents in making informed decisions towards QM systems implementation since very few organizations are officially quality certified. Research Methodology: The survey followed online search query on quality management in zimbabwe from journal articles, proceedings and institutional repository. 51 publications were selected and excel file was used to capture data and analyse. Results: The results expose that there was high interest in QM in 2014, 2015 and 2016. The results showed industries lack of capacity and resources, lack of skills and expertise, poor communication with stakeholders, poor raw materials, changing customer preferences, lack of top management commitment and costs of QM systems as key barriers to QM implementation. Limitations: The study limitation was survey of few studies retrieved through Bindura University online library and open access journal articles, proceedings papers and dissertations/thesis available on institutional repository. Keywords: Zimbabwe, Quality Management (QM), Drivers, Barriers, Benefits

Sustainable tourism practices adopted by the hotel sector in Zimbabwe. Hotel managers perceptions Muchingami, Abraham; Basera, Vitalis; Mashoko, Dennis; Bhasopo, Trinity
Journal of Sustainable Tourism and Entrepreneurship Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): September
Publisher : Goodwood Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35912/joste.v7i1.2491

Purpose: This study investigated hotel managers perceptions of sustainability practices adopted in the hotel sector in Zimbabwe, focusing on hotels in Mutare. The issue of sustainable business practices is driving modern-day business operations, and hotels are leading the adoption of sustainable tourism practices. Managers perceive the adoption of sustainable tourism practices in varied or indifferent manners. This study focused on identifying the extent to which hotels in Zimbabwe have adopted sustainable practices, the impacts of adopting these practices, the challenges hotels face when adopting these practices, and the strategies hotels implement when adopting these practices. Research Methodology: A qualitative research design was used to understand hotel managers’ perceptions regarding the adoption of sustainable tourism practices, with interviews being used to collect data. The study’s population comprised managerial employees and supervisors of selected hotels in Mutare, Zimbabwe. Results: The findings revealed that the implementation of sustainable practices has a positive impact on hotel operations in terms of reduced consumption of water and energy, waste reduction, promotion of the local economy, and empowerment of societies. Conclusion: Hotels in Mutare perceive sustainability as highly beneficial, not only for cost savings and environmental protection but also for competitive advantages. Training, guest involvement, and certification emerged as essential strategies, whereas resistance, high costs, and lack of knowledge were noted as barriers. Limitations: The study used only hotel managers in Mutare to represent all hotel managers in Zimbabwe, and it was purely qualitative. Contributions: The study concluded that waste management undertakings, such as recycling, re-use, or sale of processed or unprocessed waste substances, can also contribute towards efficiency.

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