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Antibacterial effects of tomato ethanol extract (Solanum lycopersicum L.) against S. mutans and P. gingivalis: a laboratory experiment Rahmawati, Dicha Yuliadewi; Kurniawan, Viola Febi; Sanjaya, Oei Tirza Cintya; Sugiaman, Vinna Kurniawati; Mandalas, Henry Yonatan
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 35, No 3 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol35no3.50582

ABSTRACT Introduction: Process of dental plaque formation consists of three stages, pellicle formation, initial colonization facultative gram-positive one of microbes is S. mutans, secondary colonization and microbial maturation by Porphyromonas intermedia, P. gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum. Formation of dental biofilm is considered to be main etiology of chronic periodontitis. Bacteria that often involved in chronic periodontitis are P. gingivalis. Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) content lycopene compounds, flavonoids, and saponins have been shown to inhibit or kill bacterial growth. The aim is to analyze the antibacterial effect of servo tomato ethanol extract against S. mutans and P. gingivalis. Methods: This research was a laboratory experimental one with a posttest only control group design where observed variable diameter of the inhibition zone was produced from ethanolic extract of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in various concentrations of 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100% chlorhexidine 0.2% as a positive control, negative control of distilled water against S. mutans and P. gingivalis on blood agar media. The method used in this study was the well-diffusion test. Results: The highest inhibitory zone at 100% concentration with a diameter of 32.10 mm was very strong; lowest inhibition at 3.123% was 3.95 mm, weak classification and against P. gingivalis at 3.125%, it was 3.72 mm, weak classification, meanwhile at 100% concentration, it was 9.67 mm, medium classification. The results of the One Way ANOVA statistical test showed a p<0.05 which had a significant effect in inhibiting the growth of S. mutans and P. gingivalis. Conclusions: There was an antibacterial effect of the ethanolic extract of tomato against S.mutans produced a larger diameter and stronger inhibition zone meanwhile against P.gingivalis produce medium inhibition zone. The content of tomatoes such as lycopene compounds, flavonoids, and saponins have been shown to inhibit or kill bacterial growth.Keyword : tomato ethanol extract (Solanum lycopersicum L.), S. mutans, P. gingivalis, antibacterial

The effect of Indian jujube leaves extract in inhibiting the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis Pratiwi, Gracia Yodianvi; Mandalas, Henry Yonatan; Sugiaman, Vinna Kurniawati
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 34, No 1 (2022): March
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol34no1.33007

Introduction: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that destroys tooth-supporting tissues and is associated with increased risk factors for systemic diseases. The main pathogen of periodontitis is the bacteria P. gingivalis, a Gram-negative, anaerobic, pleomorphic, coccobacillus, non-motile, and saccharolytic. The leaves of Indian jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.) have the main bioactive compounds such as saponins, tannins, and flavonoids which have antimicrobial activities against pathogenic microorganisms. This study aims to analyse various concentrations of the ethanol extract of Indian jujube leaves against P. gingivalis. Methods: The method used in this study was the disc diffusion test based on the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute. P. gingivalis preparation and the fresh leaves of Indian jujube collected from one of the plantations in Probolinggo, East Java. In this study, tests used various concentrations of Indian jujube leaves extract, namely 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100%. Data antibacterial activity was classified according to David and Stout’s inhibition zone classification. Results: Indian jujube leaves extract with a concentration between 10-30% had weak antibacterial activity, 40-60% had moderate antibacterial activity, and 70-100% had strong antibacterial activity. The largest inhibitory zone diameter against P. gingivalis was found at a concentration of 100%. Conclusion: Indian jujube leaves extract starting from a concentration of 70% can inhibit the growth of P. gingivalis with strong antibacterial activity.

The influence of chlorhexidine gluconate and povidone iodine on the minimum inhibitory cencentration and quantitative of streptococcus mutans Apriani, Anie; Mandalas, Henry Yonatan; Kurnia, Calvin; Rahmawati, Dicha Yuliadewi; Lison, Thio; Mulyadi, Nabila
Odonto : Dental Journal Vol 12, No 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/odj.12.2.%p

Background: An imbalance in the normal flora of the oral cavity can cause dental caries. The prevalence of caries in primary teeth in Indonesia which experiences caries is 90.2%, which shows that the prevalence of caries is still quite high. One way to prevent bacterial activity is using mouthwash. Chlorhexidine gluconate and Povidone Iodine are antibacterial agents that are effective in inhibiting bacterial growth, through bacteriostatic and bactericidal actions. This study aims to determine whether there is an inhibitory effect of chlorhexidine gluconate and povidone iodine on the growth of Streptococcus mutans (quantity).Method: This study used the broth microdilution method by treating Streptococcus mutans using 0.1 % chlorhexidine gluconate and 1% povidone iodine. The effect of inhibitory power was measured using the broth microdilution technique and the total plate count technique in the form of Colony Forming Units (CFU). Statistical calculations use the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, Levene's homogeneity test and Tukey's Post Hoc test to determine differences between treatments.Result: The results of the research showed that the treatment group in the form of 0.1% chlorhexidine gluconate and 1% povidone iodine had a very significant effect on the growth of bacterial colonies, which was very significant for the growth of Streptococcus mutans bacterial colonies.Conclusion: Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.1% and povidone iodine 1% were effective in reducing the growth of Streptococcus mutans bacteria.

The influence of chlorhexidine gluconate and povidone iodine on the minimum inhibitory cencentration and quantitative of streptococcus mutans Apriani, Anie; Mandalas, Henry Yonatan; Kurnia, Calvin; Rahmawati, Dicha Yuliadewi; Lison, Thio; Mulyadi, Nabila
Odonto : Dental Journal Vol 12, No 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/odj.12.2.%p

Background: An imbalance in the normal flora of the oral cavity can cause dental caries. The prevalence of caries in primary teeth in Indonesia which experiences caries is 90.2%, which shows that the prevalence of caries is still quite high. One way to prevent bacterial activity is using mouthwash. Chlorhexidine gluconate and Povidone Iodine are antibacterial agents that are effective in inhibiting bacterial growth, through bacteriostatic and bactericidal actions. This study aims to determine whether there is an inhibitory effect of chlorhexidine gluconate and povidone iodine on the growth of Streptococcus mutans (quantity).Method: This study used the broth microdilution method by treating Streptococcus mutans using 0.1 % chlorhexidine gluconate and 1% povidone iodine. The effect of inhibitory power was measured using the broth microdilution technique and the total plate count technique in the form of Colony Forming Units (CFU). Statistical calculations use the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, Levene's homogeneity test and Tukey's Post Hoc test to determine differences between treatments.Result: The results of the research showed that the treatment group in the form of 0.1% chlorhexidine gluconate and 1% povidone iodine had a very significant effect on the growth of bacterial colonies, which was very significant for the growth of Streptococcus mutans bacterial colonies.Conclusion: Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.1% and povidone iodine 1% were effective in reducing the growth of Streptococcus mutans bacteria.

SALIVA ACIDITY LEVEL TOWARD APPLICATION CASEIN PHOSPHOPEPTIDE - AMORPHOUS CALCIUM PHOSPHATE FOR CHILDREN AGED 8-9 YEARS Apriani, Anie; Mandalas, Henry Yonatan; Khoe, William
Odonto : Dental Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

ABSTRACTBackground: Dental caries is a disease of dental hard tissue that is often found in children. The etiology of dental caries is very diverse and multifactorial, one of which is the decreased acidity of saliva. There are many efforts and ways to reduce the incidence of dental caries, one of which is the application of topical flour to the teeth. Casein phosphopeptideâ€“amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) as a type of topical flour used has been shown to reduce demineralization and increase tooth remineralization. This study aimed to determine the acidity level of saliva before and after application of CPP-ACP in children aged 8-9 years. Methods: Measurement of salivary acidity was measured using a digital pH meter in the study sample of 42 children consisting of 23 boys and 19 girls. Subjects were applied CPP-ACP for 1 month with the routine application once a week, then re-examined the salivary acidity level after 1 month. Result : The average result of salivary acidity before CPP-ACP application was 6.928 and after CPP-ACP application was 7.0611. The T-test resulted in a very significant difference in the level of salivary acidity before and after the application of CPP-ACP. Conclusion : is that Tthere are differences in the level of salivary acidity in children aged 8-9 years before and after topical application of CPP-ACP flour.

SALIVA ACIDITY LEVEL TOWARD APPLICATION CASEIN PHOSPHOPEPTIDE - AMORPHOUS CALCIUM PHOSPHATE FOR CHILDREN AGED 8-9 YEARS Apriani, Anie; Mandalas, Henry Yonatan; Khoe, William
Odonto : Dental Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/odj.8.2.91-96

ABSTRACTBackground: Dental caries is a disease of dental hard tissue that is often found in children. The etiology of dental caries is very diverse and multifactorial, one of which is the decreased acidity of saliva. There are many efforts and ways to reduce the incidence of dental caries, one of which is the application of topical flour to the teeth. Casein phosphopeptideâ€“amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) as a type of topical flour used has been shown to reduce demineralization and increase tooth remineralization. This study aimed to determine the acidity level of saliva before and after application of CPP-ACP in children aged 8-9 years. Methods: Measurement of salivary acidity was measured using a digital pH meter in the study sample of 42 children consisting of 23 boys and 19 girls. Subjects were applied CPP-ACP for 1 month with the routine application once a week, then re-examined the salivary acidity level after 1 month. Result : The average result of salivary acidity before CPP-ACP application was 6.928 and after CPP-ACP application was 7.0611. The T-test resulted in a very significant difference in the level of salivary acidity before and after the application of CPP-ACP. Conclusion : is that Tthere are differences in the level of salivary acidity in children aged 8-9 years before and after topical application of CPP-ACP flour.

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