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Widhihastuti, Endah
Universitas Negeri Semarang
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Journal : Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy

 1 
Analysis study of Methampyrone in jamu pegal linu circulating in Semarang City using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectrophotometry and UV-Vis Spectrophotometry Ameliyana; Endah Widhihastuti
Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jstrp.v4i2.9954

Abstract

Traditional medicine (jamu) has been widely known as an alternative medicine because its side effects are mild, easy to obtain, and cheaper than synthetic medicines. One of the herbal medicines used as a pain reliever in Indonesia is called Jamu Pegal linu. Analgesic drugs are often added illegally to herbal remedies to treat aches and pains. Methampyrone is an example of a medicinal chemical that can most likely be added to jamu pegal linu. The National Food and Drug Administration reported the discovery of contamination in the form of medicinal chemicals. The distribution of herbal medicines containing medicinal chemicals that are dangerous to the public is prohibited based on Minister of Health Regulation no. 007 of 2012. This study aims to determine the content and levels of the medicinal chemical methampyrone in jamu pegal linu in Semarang City. In this study, jamu pegal linu sold in Semarang City will be analyzed for the medicinal chemical content of methampyrone. This research is an experimental study to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the medicinal chemicals of the drug methampyrone in jamu pegal linu. The qualitative analysis method uses FTIR to identify functional groups. The quantitative analysis method uses UV-Vis Spectrophotometry which has been validated to determine the levels of methampyrone contained in jamu pegal linu. The results of qualitative analysis tests using FTIR show that methampyrone contains functional groups such as C=O (amide), C=C (aromatic), C-H, O=S=O,  C-O, S=O, and C-H out-of-plane. The readings from the fifth samples (A, B, N, I, and L) were positive for methampyrone due to the presence of these functional groups, which are characteristic of methampyrone. Validation of the analytical method using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry demonstrates its suitability for quantifying methampyrone levels in jamu pegal linu. The method validation parameters include a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9997; limit of detection (LOD) of 0.275966 mg/L; limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.9198867 mg/L; precision expressed as % RSD of 0.1444%; and accuracy indicated by %recovery of 82,7544%; 84,005%; and 85,721%. The results from the validated analysis method reveal the presence of methampyrone in jamu pegal linu across the five samples (A, B, N, I, and L), with concentrations in each sample measured at 3,594 ± 0,002%; 1,507 ± 0,003%; 1,386 ± 0,003%; 2,900 ± 0,003%; and 31,870 ± 0,028%.
Identification And Determination of Levels the Drug Chemical Sibutramin Hydrochloride in Body Slimming Herbs Circulating in the City of Salatiga Prisma Detty Nuryana; Endah Widhihastuti
Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jstrp.v4i2.9977

Abstract

Background: Sibutramine hydrochloride is strictly prohibited from being present in weight loss herbal medicines according to the regulations of the Indonesian National Agency of Drug and Food Control (Badan POM RI) No.KH.00.01.43. However, due to increasing competition, many traditional medicine producers seek greater profits by adding sibutramine hydrochloride (SH) to their products. Aim: This study aimed to establish the validity of the UV-VIS spectrophotometer method for analyzing sibutramine hydrochloride and to test the levels and content of sibutramine hydrochloride in weight loss herbal medicine samples sold in Salatiga City. Materials and Methods: A total of 8 samples of weight loss capsules obtained from traditional medicine stores in Salatiga City were subjected to qualitative and quantitative tests. Validation parameters included linearity, limit of detection (LoD), limit of quantification (LoQ), precision, and accuracy. Results: The study revealed a linear regression equation of y=0.0397x + 0.046 with r=0.9975 and r^2=0.9950, with a maximum wavelength of 223 nm. The LOD was 1.01 mg/L and LOQ was 3.37 mg/L. Precision, expressed as % RSD, was 0.147%, and percent recoveries (% recovery) were 98.263%, 89.337%, and 91.703%. Qualitative tests on each sample compared spectra and maximum wavelengths with standard sibutramine hydrochloride spectra, identifying samples A, B, C, E, and F as negative for sibutramine hydrochloride, while samples D, G, and H tested positive. Quantitative analysis determined sibutramine hydrochloride concentrations in weight loss herbal medicines using linear regression equations. The concentrations in samples D, G, and H were 6.0117 mg/L, 6.7254 mg/L, and 6.0117 mg/L, respectively. The percentage content of sibutramine hydrochloride in samples D, G, and H was 3.00%, 3.36%, and 3.00%, respectively. Conclusion: The UV-VIS spectrophotometer method is validated for analyzing sibutramine hydrochloride in weight loss herbal medicines across all tested parameters. Samples A, B, C, E, and F were found negative for sibutramine hydrochloride, whereas samples D, G, and H tested positive.
Validation Study of the Method of Analysis of Fe (II) Levels in Blood Addition Tablet Preparations by Wet Destruction and Dry Destruction Methods by UV-Vis Spectrophotometry Nurul Fajar Agustina; Endah Widhihastuti
Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jstrp.v4i2.10006

Abstract

Iron is one of the micro minerals needed in the human body. One effort to meet iron needs can be done by consuming blood supplement tablets that contain iron. The iron content contained in blood supplement tablets needs to be known by carrying out quality testing to ensure that the preparation contains the specified ingredients and quantities. The UV-Vis spectrophotometer is an alternative method for determining iron levels because it has lower operating costs and is simpler but has high sensitivity. Determining the iron content to be analyzed requires a complexing agent to form colored compounds. The complexing compound often used in this research is phenantorline. The requirement for metal analysis using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer is that the sample must be in solution form so a digestion process needs to be carried out. Destruction is divided into two, namely dry and wet destruction. This study aims to compare two digestion methods that are commonly used, namely wet digestion and dry digestion in determining Fe (II) levels in blood supplement tablets. In this research, method validation will also be carried out which aims to show that the testing procedures used obtain the expected results consistently and continuously. Validation of analytical methods carried out includes linearity test parameters, detection limit tests, quantitation limit tests, accuracy tests and precision tests. . Linearity is indicated by R2 of 0.9986; detection limit of 1.10 mg/L; quantitation limit of 3.62 mg/L; accuracy of dry digestion and wet digestion between 80-120%; and precision of dry digestion and wet digestion as indicated by an RSD percentage below 2%. Quantitative test results showed that the percentage levels of blood added tablet samples from wet digestion and dry digestion were 91.52% respectively; 100.09%; 96.15%; 100.96%; 100.67%. and 93.39%; 108.29%; 99.47%; 93.47%; and 92.57%.
Antibacterical Activity Test of Suji Leaf Fraction (Dracaena angustifolis (Medik.) Roxb) against the Growth of Staphylococcus Epidermidis Acne-Causing Bacteria Erika Wuryaningsih; Endah Widhihastuti
Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jstrp.v4i2.10175

Abstract

The suji plants is a plant that has benefits as an antibacterial, one of which is the leaves. Suji leaves  contain chemical compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, and tannins. The compounds can function as antibacterials. The study aims to determine the value of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of suji leaf fractions against Streptococcus epidermidis bacteria. The antibacterial test method used is liquid dilution and solid dilution. The results obtained were the most active fraction that was able to inhibit Staphylococcus epidermidis was the n-hexane fraction with a KHM value of 6.25% and KBM 12.5%. The results obtained show that the N-Hexane fraction of suji leaves which is the most active fraction in inhibiting bacterial growth is not as good as clindamycin and ethanol extract in inhibiting Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria, where ethanol extract has a KBM value of 6.25%. Meanwhile, clindamycin which is a positive control has been able to inhibit and kill the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria at a concentration of 0.1%. The results of KBM values obtained from the most active samples are ethanol extract > n-hexane fraction > ethyl acetate fraction > ethyl acetate insoluble fraction. Bioautography KLT results show that the compounds responsible for antibacterial activity are thought to be flavonoids, steroids, and triterpenoids.  
Comparison of Lead (Pb) Content Analysis Using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry with Wet and Dry Destruction Methods in Body Lotion Preparations in Semarang City Muhammad Shidqi Naufal Athalla; Endah Widhihastuti
Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jstrp.v5i2.31998

Abstract

Many body lotions are found in circulation without a BPOM RI registration number, which can raise concerns about lead metal contamination. The lead metal content in body lotion can be sourced from the raw material, namely water. Lead metal levels in water range from 0,011 mg/L to 0,076 mg/L. Determination of lead levels uses an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry instrument. The requirement for analysis using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry is that the sample must be in solution form, so a destruction process is necessary because the body lotion sample is in semi-solid form. This study aims to compare two commonly used destruction methods, namely wet and dry destruction. The methodology in this study consists of qualitative analysis, method validation, and quantitative analysis. The test results with qualitative analysis showed negative lead metal content. The results of the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry method validation were: linearity (R2) of 0,9999; LoD of 0,024 mg/L; LoQ of 0,080 mg/L; precision (%RSD) of 0,61%; accuracy (%Recovery) of 100,09% with quantitative results of the percentage of wet digestion sample content, results were: 1,2264 ± 2,96%; 1,7687 ± 4,24%; 1,5036 ± 3,75%; 1,1807 ± 2,92%; and 1,5606 ± 3,88%. This can happen because the wet destruction method is better to use than the dry destruction method which can be seen from the %Recovery.
Co-Authors Agustina, Nurul Fajar Ameliyana Anak Agung Gede Sugianthara Artissiani, Maysa Christijanti , Wulan Devi Ajeng Efrilianda Erika Wuryaningsih F Widhi Mahatmanti Izzania, Rahma Annisa Larasati, Dhatu Sekar M. Kholid Baror Abadi Muhammad Shidqi Naufal Athalla Nanang Fakhrudin, Nanang Ni'ma, Neli Syahida Nuni Widiarti Nurul Fajar Agustina Prisma Detty Nuryana Rakainsa, Senda Kartika Sam'an, Muhammad Senda Kartika Rakainsa Senda Kartika Rakainsa Sigit Priatmoko SIRAIT, Ernessa Indah Rotua Sitarina Widyarini Sri Wahyuni Subhan Subhan Syarif, Deny Lukman Willy Tirza Eden, Willy Tirza Woro Sumarni Yahya Nur Ifriza Yuan Maylia Rosanti