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Exploring the efficacy of al-hijamah (wet cupping) in managing hypertension and dyslipidemia among Indonesian population: a meta-analysis Aulya, Justika Usmadhani; Matondang, Asri Rizqi; Farahdina, Farahdina; Rizaliansyah, Ferdian; Samsu, Nur; Fajar, Jonny Karunia
Heart Science Journal Vol 5, No 4 (2024): The Current Perspective About Cardiometabolic Disease
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.hsj.2024.005.04.8

Abstract

BACKGROUND: In Indonesia, wet cupping therapy has been thoroughly investigated as a treatment for hypertension and dyslipidemia. Nevertheless, the outcomes across these studies are contradictory.OBJECTIVES: To appraise the effectiveness of wet cupping therapy in the management of hypertension and dyslipidemia among the Indonesian population.METHODS: We examined papers sourced from Google Scholar, the Indonesian Scientific Journal Database, and Garba Rujukan Digital until September 5, 2020. These papers investigated blood pressure and lipid profile levels both pre- and post-wet cupping treatment. The collective data underwent Z-test analysis to assess associations.RESULTS: In total, we included 26 papers examining the correlation between wet cupping therapy and blood pressure, as well as 16 papers assessing lipid profile levels. Our combined analysis revealed significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (MD: 13.86; 95% CI: 10.01, 17.71), diastolic blood pressure (MD: 6.31; 95% CI: 3.84, 8.79), and lower total cholesterol levels (MD: 21.56; 95% CI: 10.32, 32.80]) in the post-treatment group compared to the pre-treatment group. However, we were unable to elucidate the impact of wet cupping therapy on the concentrations of low-density lipoprotein and triglyceride.CONCLUSIONS: Wet cupping therapy exhibits potential efficacy in reducing blood pressure and total cholesterol levels among individuals in Indonesia.
Comparison of Agreement Law in Indonesia and Malaysia: Phenomenon of Standard Agreement Practices Manurung, Shenti Agustini; Irawati, Jovita; Sudirman, Lu; Agustianto, Agustianto; Farahdina, Farahdina
SASI Volume 31 Issue 1, March 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47268/sasi.v31i1.2683

Abstract

Introduction: Indonesia and Malaysia are countries with fairly good economic levels in the ASEAN. Economic growth in the business world also has an influence on contract law because the phenomenon that occurs is the use of standard agreement models in the business world to make business processes more effective and efficient.Purposes of the Research: The aim of this research is to analyze the differences in contract law in Indonesia and Malaysia, also describe the phenomenon of standard agreement practices that occur in Indonesia and Malaysia, and analyze the validity of standard agreements that apply in Indonesia and Malaysia.Methods of the Research: The research method used is normative juridical. The type of study used is through literature study. The type of data used is secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, namely the Civil Code, the Malaysian Contracts Act 1950, the 1957 Sale of Goods Deed.Results Main Findings of the Research: The research results show that Indonesia and Malaysia are countries that have implemented standard agreement. These two countries also have a legal basis that allows standard agreements to come into force on the condition that there must be clauses that emphasize the rights and obligations of the parties to achieve justice.