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Effectiveness of Vaccines Booster Against Infection, Severe Disease and Death Related to COVID-19 : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Khalisha, Mujahidah; Putri, Melvanda Gisela; Ramadhani, Zulfa Nurfitri; Siahaan, Paulus Parholong; Razan, Rafi Alfian; Antari, Ratna Devi; Hanifah, Adiba Hasna; Utomo, Budi; Fauziyah, Shifa; Muthu, Pandaram
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v12i2.45606

Abstract

COVID-19 is an infectious disease as a result of a kind of corona virus. COVID-19 is now a pandemic affecting many countries. This study aims to know the effectiveness of booster vaccines to reduce the severity of illness, confirm infection, hospitalization, death in humans infected with COVID-19. For Specific purpose, to analyze the severity of COVID-19 disease in humans by booster and without booster. The design of this study was a systematic review and meta-analysis based on observational studies, published in databases such as Pubmed, Embase, MedRxiv, Nature and Scopus. In the search for articles, the limitations of 2021 to 2022 are used. This research was analyzed quantitatively through the Review Manager 5.4.1 program. Study was taken from 13 journals that met the criteria for a meta-analysis. With the population aged over 18 years, and using the type of vaccine BNT162b2 or mRNA. The population of this study came from Israel, Italy, England, Qatar, Brazil, Turkey, Puerto-Rico, Northern Bangkok, Vicinities and Thailand. Significant results were obtained for each outcome. The OR values of BNT162b2 booster vaccine against confirmed infection OR 0.16 (95% CI 0.06 – 0.45), against symptomatic disease 0.22 (95% CI 0.11 – 0.44), against asymptomatic disease OR 0.72 (95% CI 0.69 – 0.74), against hospitalization OR 0.12 (95% CI 0.06 – 0.22), against severe disease OR 0.15 (95% CI 0.07 – 0.33), and against death OR 0.10 (95% CI 0.04 – 0.31). Administration booster vaccines is effective in reducing infection rates, disease severity, and deaths from COVID-19. 
Is the Ketogenic Diet Effective and Safe in Children with Intractable Epilepsy? A Systematic Review Razan, Rafi Alfian; Hanindita, Meta Herdiana; Ramadhani, Ayuning Tetirah; Putri, Melvanda Gisela; Harum, Nabila Annisa; Nurrosyida, Kartika
Archives of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Vol. 3 No. 4 (2024): APGHN Vol. 3 No. 4 November 2024
Publisher : The Indonesian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58427/apghn.3.4.2024.1-14

Abstract

Background: The ketogenic diet (KD) has long been prescribed to children with recurrent epilepsy due to its minimal neurotoxic effects. The side effects caused this diet to be abandoned. New diets are emerging as options such as modified Atkins diet (MAD), low glycemic index therapy (LGIT) and medium-chain triglyceride (MCT). This study compared the safety and effectiveness of the KD and these new methods. Method: Systematic review was conducted by searching databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerOpen, Cochrane, Proquest and Scopus based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Result: : A total of 439 pediatric patients aged 0 - 18 years who were intervened with a ketogenic diet compared with other dietary options. A total of five studies reported a higher mean reduction in seizure incidence >90% in children who were intervened with a ketogenic diet compared to other diets, one of which reported KD > MAD (53.3% KD vs. 26.6% MAD). Conclusion: Although KD remains effective, MAD, LGIT, MCT and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids KD (PUFAKD) diets provide comparable benefits with potential for better adherence. The classic KD group showed a higher morbidity rate; however, it demonstrated significant effectiveness in lowering the incidence of recurrent seizures in children.
The Relationship Of Vitamin A Supplementation, Giving Immunization, And History Of Infection Disease With The Stunting Of Children Aged 24-59 Months In Puskesmas Mulyorejo, Surabaya Putri, Melvanda Gisela; Irawan, Roedi; Mukono, Indri Safitri
Media Gizi Kesmas Vol 10 No 1 (2021): MEDIA GIZI KESMAS (JUNE 2021)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mgk.v10i1.2021.72-79

Abstract

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Stunting merupakan suatu istilah yang menggambarkan kondisi pertumbuhan tinggi badan kurang berdasarkan umur disesuaikan dengan Z-Score (<-2SD). Stunting pada balita dapat diakibatkan oleh kurangnya asupan zat gizi yang diperlukan bagi pertumbuhan anak. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan suplementasi vitamin A, pemberian imunisasi dan riwayat penyakit infeksi yakni diare dan ISPA terhadap kejadian stunting.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan suplementasi vitamin A, pemberian imunisasi, dan penyakit infeksi terhadap stunting pada anak usia 24-59 bulan di Puskesmas Mulyorejo, Surabaya.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan metode cross sectional. Besar sampel adalah 107 anak usia 24-59 bulan di Puskesmas Mulyorejo, Surabaya. terdiri dari 25 anak kelompok stunting dan 82 anak kelompok non- stunting. Cara pengambilan data melalui data sekunder posyandu dan wawancara langsung orang tua anak dengan pengisian kuisioner. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-Square, Fisher Exact, dan Mann Whitney.Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil terdapat hubungan suplementasi vitamin A dengan stunting (p=0,000), tidak ada hubungan antara pemberian imunisasi terhadap stunting (p=0,332). Dalam riwayat penyakit infeksi, frekuensi diare dan ISPA ditemukan tidak ada hubungan dengan  stunting (p=0,053 dan p=0,082), begitu pula pada lama diare dan lama ISPA tidak berhubungan dengan stunting (p= 0,614 dan p=0,918).Kesimpulan: Suplementasi vitamin A berhubungan signifikan dengan stunting yang diamati pada anak usia 24-59 bulan di Puskesmas Mulyorejo, Surabaya. Kata kunci: Stunting, vitamin A, imunisasi, penyakit infeksi, anak usia 24-59 bulanABSTRACTBackground: Stunting is a term that describes condition of lower height-for-age Z-Score (<-2SD). Stunting among children can be caused by a lack of nutrients needed for children's growth. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between vitamin A supplementation, immunization and a history of infectious diseases, namely diarrhea and ARI to the incidence of stunting.Objectives: To determine the relationship between vitamin A supplementation, immunization, and history of infectious disease with the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-59 months at Puskesmas Mulyorejo, Surabaya.Methods: This study was an observational analytic study with cross sectional method. The sample size was 107 children aged 24-59 months at Puskesmas Mulyorejo, Surabaya. This study consisted of 25 children in the stunting group and 82 children in the non-stunting group. The method of data collection was through secondary data from posyandu and direct interviews with parents by filling out questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test, fisher exact, and Mann Whitney.Results: The results of this study indicated that there was a relationship between vitamin A supplementation and with stunting (p = 0.000). There was no relationship between immunization and stunting (p = 0.332). In the history of infectious diseases, the frequency of diarrhea and ARI was found to have no relationship with stunting (p = 0.053 and p = 0.082), as well as the duration of diarrhea and duration of ARI there was no association with the stunting (p = 0.614 and p = 0.918).Conclusion: Vitamin A supplementation has significant relationship with stunting in children aged 24-59 months at Puskesmas Mulyorejo, Surabaya.Keyword: Stunting, vitamin A, immunization, infectious disease, children aged 24-59 months