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THE PRINCIPLE OF FREEDOM OF CONTRACT IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS AGREEMENTS Yasin, Yani Yunisar; Ratnaningsih; Lawado, Irma Sahvitri
JILPR Journal Indonesia Law and Policy Review Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): Journal Indonesia Law and Policy Review (JILPR), June 2025
Publisher : International Peneliti Ekonomi, Sosial dan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56371/jirpl.v6i3.421

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the principle of freedom of contract in international business agreements, focusing on the language to be used in the agreement and applicable laws and regulations. The principle of freedom of contract is one of the basic principles in contract law that allows the parties to make agreements that suit their needs and interests. In international business agreements, the language used can play an important role in determining the meaning and interpretation of the agreement. Differences in language and culture can cause misunderstandings and difficulties in interpreting the agreements made. Therefore, this study will analyze how the use of Indonesian in international business contracts is reviewed from the principle of freedom of contract, as well as how legal reforms related to the use of language in international business contracts are more adaptive. This study uses a normative analysis method with a juridical approach. The results of this study indicate that the principle of freedom of contract in international business agreements allows parties to determine the language used in the agreement, one of which is Indonesian. However, the parties must consider the advantages and disadvantages of using the language and ensure that the use of the language is in accordance with the principle of freedom of contract and applicable laws and regulations. Therefore, it is important to consider the role of language in international business agreements and its implications for global business practices. This study is expected to contribute to the understanding of the principle of freedom of contract in international business agreements and the role of language in agreements. The results of this study can also be used as a reference for legal and business practitioners in making effective and efficient international business agreements.
Penerapan Lubang Resapan Biopori Sebagai Upaya Mendukung Sekolah Adiwiyata Berbasis Konservasi Air Di SMA 109 Jakarta Melati Ferianita Fachrul; Diana Irvindiaty Hendrawan; Astari Minarti; Ratnaningsih; Qurrotu ‘Aini Besila
JUARA: Jurnal Wahana Abdimas Sejahtera Volume 7 Nomor 1 Januari 2026
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Lingkungan Fakultas Arsitektur Lanskap dan Teknologi Lingkungan, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25105/ezgm5r91

Abstract

SMA Negeri 109 Jakarta sebagai Sekolah Adiwiyata berkomitmen untuk menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang hijau dan berkelanjutan melalui penerapan teknologi Lubang Resapan Biopori (LRB). Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini bertujuan meningkatkan pemahaman warga sekolah terhadap konservasi air dan pengelolaan sampah organik. Metode pelaksanaan menggunakan pendekatan partisipatif yang melibatkan guru dan siswa dalam sosialisasi serta praktik langsung pembuatan lubang biopori berdiameter 10 –15 cm dan kedalaman 100 cm yang diisi bahan organik dari dapur sekolah. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pada pemahaman peserta; sebelum kegiatan, mayoritas berada pada kategori pemahaman dasar (40%), sedangkan setelah kegiatan meningkat menjadi 70% pada kategori baik dan sangat baik. Lubang biopori yang dihasilkan berfungsi ganda sebagai area resapan air sekaligus media pengomposan. Selain itu, kegiatan ini memperkuat fungsi ekologis Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) sekolah dan meningkatkan partisipasi warga dalam pengelolaan lingkungan. Penerapan teknologi biopori efektif sebagai sarana pembelajaran kontekstual yang mendorong kesadaran ekologis, mendukung prinsip Sekolah Adiwiyata, serta berkontribusi terhadap pencapaian Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) terutama tujuan ke-6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) dan ke-13 (Climate Action).
The Use of Video-Based Learning Platforms for Teacher Training: An Analysis of Content Engagement and Instructional Effectiveness of YouTube Channels Hartono; Ratnaningsih
Journal of Education and Teacher Development Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): June: Journal of Education and Teacher Development
Publisher : CV. Simpati Cloud

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This study aims to analyze content engagement and instructional effectiveness of YouTube channels utilized as platforms for teacher training. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach supported by quantitative data, the study evaluated 30 videos from 10 popular educational channels using content analysis and user engagement metrics. The findings reveal that videos lasting 5–10 minutes with a systematic narrative structure, illustrative visuals, interactive delivery, and the visual-auditory presence of instructors demonstrate the highest levels of instructional effectiveness and viewer retention. The average video completion rate reached 68%, and positive comments accounted for up to 82% of user feedback. In contrast, longer videos delivered in a monologic style tended to generate lower levels of engagement. These findings underscore the importance of instructional design in producing effective video-based teacher training content. The study recommends enhanced content curation and targeted training in educational video production for teachers and educational institutions to optimize YouTube’s potential as a platform for ongoing professional development.