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All Journal PengabdianMu: Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat JURNAL FARMASIMED (JFM) Jurnal Buana Farma JURNAL PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT KOMUNITAS KESEHATAN
Nahor, Evelina Maria
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Journal : JURNAL FARMASIMED (JFM)

 1 
Comparison of Different Extraction Methods on Sorghum Seeds (Shorgum bicolor (L). Moench) on Extract Yield and Secondary Metabolite Compound Levels Maramis, Rilyn Novita; Nahor, Evelina Maria; Rindengan, Elvie Rifke
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/jfm.v7i2.2592

Abstract

Sorghum, as a potential crop, has been promoted by the government as a national food source. Sorghum contains primary metabolites such as carbohydrates, proteins, and high fiber, as well as secondary metabolites including alkaloids, tannins and phenols, steroids, and terpenoids. The secondary metabolites produced and the yield obtained depend on the extraction method used. This study aimed to determine the yield and concentration of sorghum seed extract obtained through cold extraction (Percolation) and hot extraction (Reflux). Sorghum seed extract was obtained using cold (Percolation) and hot (Reflux) extraction methods with 96% ethanol as the solvent. The resulting yield was then calculated, followed by identification and quantification using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results show that the cold extraction (Percolation) method produced a yield of 3,733%, while the hot extraction (Reflux) method produced a yield of 10,133%. The identification of secondary metabolites in sorghum seed extracts from both cold (Percolation) and hot (Reflux) extraction methods reveals the presence of saponins, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids, but no alkaloids or steroids. The percolation method yields a total saponin content from Quillaja bark of 0,94% w/w, a total flavonoid content equivalent to quercetin of 0,84% w/w, and a total tannin content equivalent to tannic acid of 0,45% w/w. Meanwhile, the reflux extraction method yields a total saponin content from Quillaja bark of 1,07% w/w, a total flavonoid content equivalent to quercetin of 0,0615 %b/b, and a total tannin content equivalent to tannic acid of 19,44% w/w.
Physicochemical Characterization of Goroho Banana (Musa acuminafe sp.) Starch and Its Potential as a Binder in Tablet Formulation Rindengan, Elvie Rifke; Maramis, Rilyn Novita; Nahor, Evelina Maria
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 8 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/5534ds72

Abstract

Starch is a commonly used excipient in pharmaceutical formulations due to its favorable physicochemical properties. Bananas represent a promising natural source of starch. One potential source is Goroho banana (Musa acuminata), an endemic plant from North Sulawesi that remains underexplored as a pharmaceutical excipient. This study aimed to characterize the physicochemical properties of starch isolated from unripe goroho banana and to evaluate its potential as a binder in tablet formulation. The starch was isolated and subsequently subjected to physicochemical characterization. Chemical characterization included proximate analysis (moisture, ash, fat, and protein content) and determination of amylose and amylopectin content. Physical characterization involved the observation of starch granule morphology using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the analysis of gelatinization profile using rapid visco analyzer (RVA). The obtained starch yield was 7.66%, with a slightly brownish-white appearance. The gelatinization temperature was recorded at 74.35 °C, and the pH of 1% starch dispersion was 7.76. Morphological analysis revealed that the starch granules were oval to spherical in shape with relatively smooth surfaces. Tablet formulation evaluation showed that all formulations met the requirements for weight uniformity and disintegration time (<15 minutes). Formulations F3 and F4 complied with the hardness requirement, while all formulations exhibited friability values >1%, indicating that they did not meet the acceptable friability standard. These findings suggest that goroho banana starch possesses suitable physicochemical characteristics for use as a pharmaceutical excipient, particularly as a binder. However, further formulation optimization is required to improve the mechanical strength of the resulting tablets.
Co-Authors Djois Sugiaty Rintjap Dumanauw, Jovie Mien ELVIE RIFKE RINDENGAN, ELVIE RIFKE Gurning, Sri Handayani Kalonio, Donald Emilio Rilyn Novita Maramis Soenjono, Steven Jacob Suleman, Nurningsih Ulaen, Selfie Petronela Joice Yos Banne