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Russo-Japanese War: Strategy, Superiority And Its Impact On The Resurrection Of Indonesian Nationalism Kristiyanto, Hasto; Octavian, Amarulla
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 31, No 2 (2021): History of Asia and Indonesia
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v31i2.29782

Abstract

The Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) was an essential milestone in war history in the 20th century, especially in Asia. For the first time in a modern war, Japan, which was positioned as the representative of the colored nation (Asia), succeeded in defeating Russia, which was considered to represent the white nation (Europe) which was identical to the face of imperialism-colonialism. Departing from this reality, this study intends to specifically analyze the history of the Russo- Japanese war and its influence on the rise of Indonesian nationalism. Regarding methodology, this research uses a qualitative approach with critical discourse analysis, which critically-synchronously examines the discourse of the history of the Russo-Japanese War. The collecting data using references and Forum Group Discussion (FGD) by inviting five experts. The results of this study appointment: (1) the spirit of nationalism movement when it is loaded with cosmopolitanism, which is influenced by the global geopolitical constellation; (2) Japan’s victory in the Russo-Japanese War was used by national movement figures to raise nationalism against colonialism; and (3) The strategy and superiority of Japan provided the basis for inspiration on the importance of modernity and the insight of the Indonesian nationality to be equal with European nations. This study implies that in building Indonesian nationalism, Sukarno adopted the spirit of Japanese modernization as part of his strategic culture. On the other hand, Sukarno also gave a critical view of imperialism and the expansionist movement of the Japanese “Lebensraum” in Asia.Perang Rusia-Jepang (1904-1905) merupakan tonggak penting dalam sejarah perang di abad ke-20, terutama di Asia. Untuk pertama kalinya dalam perang modern, Jepang yang diposisikan sebagai wakil bangsa kulit berwarna (Asia), berhasil mengalahkan Rusia yang dianggap mewakili bangsa kulit putih (Eropa) yang identik dengan wajah imperialisme- kolonialisme. Berangkat dari kenyataan tersebut, penelitian ini bermaksud menganalisis secara khusus sejarah perang Rusia-Jepang dan pengaruhnya terhadap kebangkitan nasionalisme Indonesia. Dari segi metodologi, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan analisis wacana kritis, yang mengkaji secara kritis wacana sejarah Perang Rusia-Jepang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan referensi dan Forum Group Discussion (FGD) dengan mengundang lima pakar. Hasil kajian ini mengangkat: (1) semangat gerakan nasionalisme yang sarat dengan kosmopolitanisme, yang dipengaruhi oleh konstelasi geopolitik global; (2) Kemenangan Jepang dalam Perang Rusia-Jepang dimanfaatkan oleh tokoh-tokoh pergerakan nasional untuk membangkitkan nasionalisme melawan kolonialisme; dan (3) Strategi dan keunggulan Jepang menjadi dasar inspirasi pentingnya modernitas dan wawasan kebangsaan Indonesia sejajar dengan bangsa Eropa. Kajian ini menyiratkan bahwa dalam membangun nasionalisme Indonesia, Sukarno mengadopsi semangat modernisasi Jepang sebagai bagian dari budaya strategisnya. Di sisi lain, Sukarno juga memberikan pandangan kritis terhadap imperialisme dan gerakan ekspansionis “Lebensraum” Jepang di Asia.
Analisis Pengaruh Kekuatan Ekonomi Dan Politik Dalam Perumusan Strategi Pertahanan Negara Kristiyanto, Hasto; Yusgiantoro, Purnomo; Octavian, Amrulla; Midhio, I Wayan
Jurnal Syntax Fusion Vol 2 No 03 (2022): Jurnal Syntax Fusion: Jurnal Nasional Indonesia
Publisher : CV RIFAINSTITUT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54543/fusion.v2i03.184

Abstract

Aspek ekonomi dan politik sangat berpengaruh dalam perumusan strategi pertahanan negara. Perkembangan dua aspek tersebut mempengaruhi kekuatan militer suatu negara. Penelitian ini membahas pengaruh kekuatan ekonomi dan politik dalam merumuskan strategi pertahanan negara. Teori yang digunakan ada dua, teori strategi dan SWOT analysis. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan studi literatur dan analisis data menggunakan Miles dan Huberman, reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi data dan triangulasi data. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa pembahasan tentang aspek grand strategy, elements of strategy, dan pembangunan startegi pertahanan negara, maka secara umum ditegaskan bahwa pertahanan negara sangat menentukan survival tidaknya suatu bangsa. Untuk itu, maka berbagai kelemahan secara ekonomi dan politik harus diatasi, dan pada saat bersamaan memperbesar peluang dan membangun kapabilitas pertahanan nasional guna mengatasi berbagai tantangan guna memerkuat sumber daya nasional bagi pertahanan negara.
The Urgency of Counter-Terrorism through the National Legislation Program (Proglegnas) of the National Security Bill Kristiyanto, Hasto; Widodo, Pujo; Putro, Resmanto Widodo
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal) Vol 4, No 4 (2021): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute November
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birci.v4i4.3013

Abstract

The development of an increasingly complex strategic environment today poses various forms of threats that are diverse and affect national security, including the threat of terrorism. Terrorism has become an important record in national security and has even been reported by the United Nations as a threat that the world needs to be aware of. In facing the changing trend and dynamic development of security threats, a comprehensive and effective countermeasure is needed through the role of state apparatus and other components of the nation, including the legal system. To build a national security system, it is necessary to use the national legal system as a basis for taking comprehensive and effective action on all threats and crimes that undermine national security and stability. The establishment of our country's national security system has been proposed in the National Security Bill, but there are still some obstacles, but the latest development of the national security bill, namely the bill has become one of the agenda of the National Security Bill. Legislation Plan (PROLEGNAS) for the period 2019-2024. The urgency of the National Security Bill in countering terrorism in Indonesia in this study uses a qualitative method with the type of literature study. Through the studies conducted, although there are still differences of opinion and views from experts and practitioners on the concept of national security, the urgency of the National Security Law is appropriate and expected to be a comprehensive legal system in its field.
INDONESIAN DEFENSE DEGREE STRATEGY FACING THE THREAT OF COVID-19 Kristiyanto, Hasto; Yusgiantoro, Purnomo; Octavian, Amrulla; Midhio, I Wayan
JHSS (JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL STUDIES) Vol 5, No 3 (2021): JHSS (Journal of Humanities and Social Studies)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PAKUAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/jhss.v5i3.4031

Abstract

National defense is faced with an uncertain changing strategic environment. For this reason, in order for a country to be able to maintain the sovereignty and security of its people, a state defense strategy strategy is needed that is adaptive to all changes and potential threats. The strategy of holding power during the COVID-19 pandemic is different from previous conditions. This study focuses on developing a strategy for deploying defense forces that are appropriate to deal with all these threats. The research uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques from literature studies. The results of the study prove that the concept of a grand strategy which is a universal defense system has principles that are suitable for dealing with increasingly complex threats in the future.