Ariny, Bintan Dzumirroh
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PERILAKU LESBIAN, GAY, BISEKSUAL, DAN TRANSGENDER (LGBT) PERSPEKTIF USHUL FIKIH MUʿTAZILAH: TELAAH KITAB AL-MUʿTAMĀD FI UṢŪL AL-FIQH Lutfi, Chairul; Abdurahman, Abdurahman; Ariny, Bintan Dzumirroh; Hasan, Akhmad Farroh
Hikmah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 21, No 2 (2025): Hikmah Journal of Islamic Studies
Publisher : STAI ALHIKMAH Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47466/hikmah.v21i2.346

Abstract

AbstractThis study aims to examine how the concepts within Muʿtazilite uṣūl al-fiqh, particularly as formulated in Kitāb al-Muʿtamad fī Uṣūl al-Fiqh by Abū al-Ḥusain al-Baṣrī, can offer a theoretical response to contemporary issues concerning LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender) behavior. The study employs a qualitative method based on library research, using a thematic analysis approach to explore normative ideas in the aforementioned text. The primary focus is directed toward the exploration of two foundational uṣūl principles in Muʿtazilite thought: the classification of human acts (al-Afʿāl) and the method of legal analogy (al-Qiyās al-Sharʿī), both of which are grounded in the principles of rationality and justice. The findings suggest that LGBT behavior, within the framework of al-Muʿtamad, can be categorized under the spectrum of qabīḥ (morally reprehensible) actions. Nevertheless, the rationalist nature of the Muʿtazilite approach opens up possibilities for a contextual re-evaluation of this legal classification, taking into account modern developments in social norms and human rights discourse. This study does not intend to render a rigid legal verdict but rather proposes a reflective space for developing a more inclusive and adaptive fiqh. Accordingly, the main contribution of this research lies in strengthening the discourse of uṣūl al-fiqh based on reason and universal values, thereby creating a bridge between classical texts and contemporary socio-religious challenges. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah bagaimana konsep-konsep dalam ushul fikih Muʿtazilah, khususnya sebagaimana dirumuskan dalam Kitab al-Muʿtamad fī Uṣūl al-Fiqh karya Abu al-Husain al-Bashri, dapat memberikan respons teoretis terhadap problematika kontemporer mengenai perilaku LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Biseksual, dan Transgender). Studi ini menggunakan metode kualitatif berbasis studi kepustakaan dengan pendekatan analisis tematik terhadap gagasan normatif dalam kitab tersebut. Fokus utama diarahkan pada eksplorasi dua perangkat ushul utama dalam pemikiran Muʿtazilah, yaitu klasifikasi tindakan (al-Af‘āl) dan metode analogi hukum (al-Qiyās al-Syarʿī), yang keduanya dibangun di atas asas rasionalitas dan keadilan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa perilaku LGBT dalam kerangka al-Muʿtamad dapat dikategorikan ke dalam spektrum perbuatan qabīḥ (tercela). Namun demikian, sifat rasionalistik dari pendekatan Muʿtazilah membuka peluang untuk mempertimbangkan ulang kategori hukum tersebut secara lebih kontekstual, dengan memperhatikan perkembangan sosial dan wacana hak asasi manusia masa kini. Penelitian ini tidak bertujuan untuk memberikan vonis hukum yang kaku, melainkan mengusulkan ruang reflektif bagi pengembangan fikih yang lebih inklusif dan adaptif. Dengan demikian, kontribusi utama studi ini terletak pada penguatan diskursus ushul fikih berbasis nalar dan nilai-nilai universal, yang dapat menjembatani teks klasik dengan tantangan sosial keagamaan modern.
Challenges in Implementing Indonesia's Halal Product Assurance Law: An Analysis of Legal Uncertainty, Supervisory Systems, and Legal Culture Nurhasanah, Nurhasanah; Al Haddad, Umar; Daud, Mohd Zaidi; Ariny, Bintan Dzumirroh; Laksmi, Lucy
Nurani Vol 25 No 2 (2025): Nurani: jurnal kajian syari'ah dan masyarakat
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/nurani.v25i2.28633

Abstract

The presence of the government, which guarantees the availability of halal products and services through the JPH, Law has not provided legal certainty for Muslims to consume halal goods and services because they are still found circulating in the market without certification. This research aims to explore the complexity of problems in implementing JPH. The method used is qualitative with a normative and empirical approach. The analysis was carried out using Lawrence Friedman's legal system theory, which is relevant to Soerjono Soekanto's legal effectiveness theory, Robert W Mockler's legal supervision theory, and Philippe Nonet and Philip Selznick's responsive theory. This research concludes:  first, legal uncertainty is caused by regulatory uncertainty due to rapid regulatory changes without good coordination between stakeholders. Second, a monitoring system that has not been integrated causes technical problems to be resolved slowly. Third, legal culture, such as literacy, knowledge, and legal awareness of the community and business actors, is inadequate. This research contributes as evaluation material in the implementation of JPH because it is comprehensive by using several legal theories as a guide for problem analysis. This evaluation material will have implications for improving the Authority's performance in the future.