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All Journal JURNAL ILMU SOSIAL Indonesian Journal of Disability Studies Ecces: Economics, Social, and Development Studies Mamangan Social Science Journal
Putra, Moch Hisyam
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Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Bonding, Bridging and Linking Capital: How Social Capital was Mobilized During the PPKM Micro in Malang Raya Chawa, Anif Fatma; Putra, Moch Hisyam; Susanti, Anik
JURNAL ILMU SOSIAL Volume 22, Issue 2, Year 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jis.22.2.2023.67-88

Abstract

This article aims to explain how community based approached has been adopted during the implementation of PPKM mikro (micro restriction) which is assumed to be more effective in handling the covid-19 pandemic. The implementation of PPKM mikro involves various parties ranging from the lowest level of Indonesian government (RT/RW or households) to the central government and community members. By utilizing Putnam’s social capital perspective, this study examines how all these parties established the social relations or networks during the PPKM mikro. This study employs a case study approach to examine the implementation of PPKM mikro in Malang Raya, East Java Province. This study found that the PPKM micro has used the social capital pre-existing in neighbourhood circumference (RT/RW). This social capital was expanded and enforced during PPKM micro under the Decree of the Minister of Home Affairs No.3 of 2020 concerning PPKM micro. Moreover, this enforcement also generates all the types of social capital which are bonding, bridging and linking social capital. Bonding social capital was established at RT/RW level. Bridging social capital emerged from the relations between or inter RT/RW levels established by visual information represented by flags of different colours ranging from green, yellow, orange, to red informing the number of households confirmed with positive covid-19 in each RT/RW. Linking social capital was formed from social relations between RT/RW with the highest levels of government including the village, district, municipality/regency and central government.
Community-based Approach to Empower People with Disabilities Chawa, Anif Fatma; Putra, Moch Hisyam; Purba, Dano
Indonesian Journal of Disability Studies Vol. 8 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : The Center for Disability Studies and Services Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (460.608 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijds.2021.008.02.12

Abstract

This article seeks to understand the empowerment issues of persons with disabilities. Various development programs have been implemented to reduce stigma, prejudice and stereotypes that impede persons with disabilities from having greater access to education, employment or the labor markets and public services. However, research findings showed that many interventions and strategies to address disability issues focus more on individual or medical models. As a consequence, public stigma and social exclusion of persons with disabilities continue to occur, preventing them from participating in various activities in the society including in the tourism sector. The purpose of this study is to identify social reasons that lead to exclusion and lack of empowerment, as well as to establish programs at the community level to increase the engagements of persons with disabilities in tourist attractions and tourist destinations in Malang. The result of the study shows that the insufficient skills and knowledge of the community members of Desa Kalisanga (nicknamed Kampung Cempluk) in communicating and interacting with persons with disabilities cause the lack of awareness in regard to disability issues. Using macro perspective, this study exhibits community-based approach which requires participation of community members in the planning and organizing an inclusive arts and music festival in Kampung Cempluk. The community was successfully provided various accessibility facilities needed by persons with disabilities to participate, both attending and performing at the festival. This study shows that community-based approach could be employed as a model or strategy to empower persons with disabilities by providing them with equal opportunities to participate in tourist attractions or other activities in the society and wider access to tourist destinations and other public facilities.
The Two-Legged Strategy; How Batu City Farmers Rationally Navigate the Tourism Industry Sofiurrohman; Chawa, Anif Fatma; Nurhadi, Iwan; Putra, Moch Hisyam
EcceS: Economics, Social, and Development Studies Vol 12 No 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Economics Department, Faculty of Economic and Islamic Business, Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar, Indonesia

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Abstract

This study explores how farmers in Bulukerto Village, Batu City, rationally diversify their livelihoods amid an agricultural crisis and expanding tourism. It addresses three core questions; (1) how farmers respond to agrarian decline through diversification, (2) how unequal access, social capital, and agrarian identity influence their decisions, and (3) how theoretical synthesis explains this dynamic within structural constraints. The research combines James S. Coleman’s Rational Choice Theory, which highlights decisions based on material and non-material resources, cost-benefit logic, values, and social norms, with Henry Bernstein’s political economy approach, which emphasizes power structures, asset control, and class relations. To bridge these perspectives, the study also draws on the concepts of bounded rationality and embedded agency. A qualitative case study approach was used, focusing on farmers in Bulukerto Village, Bumiaji Subdistrict, Batu City. Data collection techniques included semi-structured interviews, non-participant observation, and document review. Thematic analysis identifies three diversification types: (1) capital-based, involving formal tourism ventures by farmers with financial or institutional access; (2) labor-based, such as driving or guiding, pursued by low-capital farmers through informal networks; and (3) informal household-scale strategies led by women or youth, often using digital platforms. This study concludes that sustainable rural diversification requires equitable access to productive resources, digital upskilling, and inclusive tourism programs that preserve agrarian identity. It offers a multi-level analytical lens that integrates agency, social structure, and local context in understanding livelihood transitions in post-agrarian rural areas. Policy recommendations call for transparent resource allocation in tourism, empowering farmer cooperatives for fair benefit-sharing, and promoting agritourism that balances traditional land use with new income streams.
Rational Choices of Farmers in Sustaining Agriculture Amid Tourism Expansion in Batu City Sofiurrohman, Sofiurrohman; Chawa, Anif Fatma; Nurhadi, Iwan; Putra, Moch Hisyam
Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Mamangan Vol 14, No 2 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Mamangan Accredited 2 (SK Dirjen Ristek Dikti No. 0173/C3/DT
Publisher : LPPM Universitas PGRI Sumatera Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22202/mamangan.v14i2.9557

Abstract

The rapid conversion of agricultural land into tourism areas in Batu City has driven many farmers to shift into the tourism sector. However, some farmers rationally choose to remain in agriculture despite increasing pressures and attractions of tourism. This study examines the rationality behind farmers’ decisions to sustain farming and the strategies they adopt amid agrarian crisis and tourism expansion. Guided by James S. Coleman’s rational choice theory, the analysis emphasizes actors’ calculations of resources, risks, and values. A qualitative case study was conducted in Bulukerto Village, Bumiaji District, Batu City, using semi-structured interviews, non-participant observation, and document analysis. The findings show that farmers’ persistence is shaped by the availability of land and agricultural resources, strong socio-cultural attachments, and careful assessments of tourism’s uncertainties, which are often unstable and capital-intensive. Rather than abandoning farming, they adapt by diversifying to more resilient or profitable commodities, including oranges, vegetables, cut flowers, and multi-purpose tree species. The study concludes that sustaining agriculture constitutes a rational choice grounded in economic stability, ecological sustainability, and cultural identity. The novelty of this research lies in showing how farmers’ rationality is formed not only by material resources but also by non-material values and perceived risks of tourism, offering new insights into agrarian transformation.
Co-Authors Anif Fatma Chawa Anik Susanti Iwan Nurhadi Purba, Dano Sofiurrohman Sofiurrohman, Sofiurrohman