Reswandaru, Uud Nourma
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Uji Stabilitas Fisik Formula Body scrub Kombinasi Ekstrak Daun Gambir (Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb) dan Daun Nilam (Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth.) Yunarto, Nanang; Furqon, Ainun; Reswandaru, Uud Nourma; Sari, Diah Permata
Edu Masda Journal Vol 7, No 2 (2023): Edu Masda Journal Volume 7 Nomor 2
Publisher : STIKes Kharisma Persada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52118/edumasda.v7i2.161

Abstract

Excessive accumulation of dead skin cells can cause skin problems. This can cause premature aging caused by oxidative stress in the body due to free radicals. So we need antioxidants to ward off free radicals. One of the natural antioxidants obtained from gambier and patchouli plants with antioxidant levels of 73.3% and an IC50 of 1.538 ppm, respectively, The purpose of this is to formulate a body scrub preparation with a combination of gambir extract (Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb.) combined with patchouli (Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth.) and to test the quality of research and find the preparation. The body scrub formula is made with three FI formulas; gambier leaves 15% and patchouli leaves 3%, FII; gambier leaves 20% and patchouli leaves 5%, FIII; gambier leaves 25% and patchouli leaves 7%. The process of making body scrub preparations using the emulsification method. The results showed that the three formulas were homogeneous, there was no organoleptic change, the average pH range was 6–5.6, which met the pH requirements according to SNI 16-4399-1996, and the average dispersion was 32.4–34.8. A body scrub is stable in storage temperature (40 °C ± 2 °C) for 4 weeks. The combination extract of gambier and patchouli leaves can be formulated into a body scrub preparation that is stable and meets the requirements. Body scrub Formulation II is a body scrub formulation with the best physical strength.AbstrakPenumpukan sel kulit mati yang berlebihan dapat menyebabkan permasalahan pada kulit. Hal tersebut dapat menimbulkan penuaan dini yang disebabkan adanya stress oksidatif di dalam tubuh karena radikal bebas. Sehingga diperlukan antioksidan untuk menyangkal radikal bebas. Salah satu antioksidan alami didapatkan dari tanaman gambir dan nilam dengan masing-masing kadar antioksidan 73,3% dan IC50 1,538 ppm. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melakukan formulasi sediaan body scrub dengan kombinasi ekstrak gambir (Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb.) yang dikombinasikan dengan nilam (Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth.) dan menguji mutu fisik serta mengevaluasi stabilitas sediaanya. Formula body scrub dibuat dengan tiga formula FI; daun gambir 15% dan daun nilam 3%, FII; daun gambir 20% dan daun nilam 5%, FIII; daun gambir 25% dan daun nilam 7%. Proses pembuatan sediaan body scrub dengan metode emulsifikasi. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa ketiga formula homogen, tidak terjadi perubahan organoleptis, rentang rata-rata pH 6-5,6 yang memenuhi syarat pH menurut SNI 16-4399-1996 dan rata-rata daya sebar 32,4-34.8. Body scrub stabil dalam penyimpanan suhu (40ºC ± 2ºC ) selama 4 minggu. Ekstrak kombinasi daun gambir dan nilam dapat diformulasikan menjadi sediaan body scrub yang stabil dan memenuhi persyaratan. Formulasi II adalah formulasi body scrub dengan stabilitas fisik yang paling baik.
Antioxidant and Inhibition Lipase Enzyme Activity of Centella asiatica Leaf Extract Yunarto, Nanang; Mawadatun, Ummi; Reswandaru, Uud Nourma; Sopian, Ahmad; Isnawati, Ani; Alegantina, Sukmayati
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 13, NUMBER 2, AUGUST 2023
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/jki.v13i2.6609

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia and many other metabolic diseases are related to oxidative stress. Centella asiatica is a herbal medicine with reported antioxidant effect in vitro. Centella asiatica contains secondary metabolites asiaticoside which are included in the terpenoid group. The study evaluated the respective antioxidant potential and lipase enzyme inhibition of Centella asiatica leaves extract (CAE). Centella asiatica were extracted in ethanol, and the extract was assayed for the measurement of asiaticoside. Ethanolic extracts of asiaticoside content were prepared for HPLC analysis The antioxidant potential of extracts was assessed by its free radical scavenging activity such as 2, 2-diphenyl -1-picrylhydrazyl as well as reducing. The anti-hyperlipidemic effect was evaluated in vitro lipase inhibitory activity test carried out enzymatically using the ELISA method with simvastatin as a comparison. The results showed asiaticoside contain in CAE 1.26%; the IC50 value of the antioxidant test of CAE was 11.38 g/mL; the IC50 value of the lipase enzyme in the CAE was 26.14 g/mL. The antioxidant activity of CAE is categorized as very strong and has the potential to inhibit lipase enzymes. The study suggests that CAE has the potential to inhibit lipase activity, suppressing lipid digestion and thereby diminishing entry of lipids into the body.  
In vivo Study of Uric Acid Inhibitory of Catechin from Gambir [Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb] in Male Rats Yunarto, Nanang; Ismaya, Nurwulan Adi; Reswandaru, Uud Nourma; Hermiyanti, Evika; Gumilang, Nabila Cahya; Salina, Fitri
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 14, NUMBER 1, FEBRUARY 2024
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

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Abstract

Hyperuricemia is a metabolic disease characterized by high levels of uric acid in the blood. In silico studies of catechin compounds using molecular docking were able to inhibit the activity of the xanthin oxidase enzyme so that it could reduce uric acid levels. One of the native Indonesian plants that contains catechin is gambier (Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb). This research aims to obtain the efficacy and safety of gambier leaf catechins in reducing uric acid levels. In vivo efficacy testing at doses of 20, 40, and 40 mg/Kg BW with allopurinol as a comparison and the safety of gambier leaf catechin in hyperuricemic male mice through macroscopic and microscopic examination of the liver and kidney organs. The results of research on determining catechin levels using HPTLC obtained levels of 96.06%. Gambier leaf catechin at doses of 20, 40, and 40 mg/Kg BW was able to reduce uric acid levels in the blood serum of mice. The higher the dose of catechin, the better the anti-hyperuricemia effect. In the results of the safety parameters, gambier leaf catechins, there were no specific abnormalities in the liver and kidneys of mice both macroscopically and microscopically. Based on research, it can be concluded that gambier leaf catechin has great potential as an anti-hyperuricemia drug and has good safety if consumed for a long time.
Cytotoxic Activities of Bioactive Fraction of Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb on MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cell Line Yunarto, Nanang; Fadhilah, Humaira; Purnamasari, Rini; Reswandaru, Uud Nourma
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 15, NUMBER 1, FEBRUARY 2025
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

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Abstract

Breast cancer is a disease with the highest mortality rate. The first line of breast cancer treatment uses chemotherapy, but it has serious side effects on patients. Gambir (Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb.) contains catechin compounds that show cytotoxic activity. This study aims to evaluate the antioxidant activity and cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells from the bioactive fraction of gambir leaves. Gambir extract was fractionated with water, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane solvents. Determination of catechin levels in the fractions used high-performance thin-layer chromatography. Antioxidant activity was tested using 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and cytotoxicity tests on MCF-7 cells were carried out using MTT assay with inhibition of protein expression anti-apoptosis was determined by immunocytochemistry assay. The ethyl acetate fraction had the highest catechin content, namely 93.05%. The results of the antioxidant activity test showed that the IC50 values were consecutively for the water fraction 42.48 µg/mL, ethyl acetate 14.86 µg/mL, and n-hexane 49.63 µg/mL. In the MTT test, the ethyl acetate fraction had more potent cytotoxic activity with an IC50 value of 87.52 µg/mL. This study shows that the ethyl acetate fraction of gambir leaves has potent antioxidant and cytotoxic activity. The higher catechin content relates to antioxidant and cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells.