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PENETAPAN KADAR ARTEMISININ DALAM EKSTRAK HEKSAN TANAMAN Artemisia annua L. MENGGUNAKAN METODE DENSITOMETRI Isnawati, Ani; Rooslamiati, Indri
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 23, No 1 Mar (2013)
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | http://ejournal.litbang.depkes.go.id/index.php/MPK/article/view/3061

Abstrak Penyakit malaria masih merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia karena angka kesakitan penyakit ini masih cukup tinggi. Kinin dan klorokuin masih merupakan obat malaria yang banyak digunakan masyarakat di dunia, namun telah mengalami resisten. Artemisinin dan derivatnya merupakan obat yang digunakan terhadap plasmodium yang resisten terhadap klorokuin. Artemisinin diperoleh dari ekstrak tanaman Artemisia Annua L. Tanaman ini berasal dari daratan China namun dapat dibudidayakan di BPTO Tawangmangu. Penetapan kadar artemisinin menggunakan metode densitometri yang telah divalidasi. Ekstraksi heksan Artemisia annua L dilakukan fraksinasi dengan menggunakan acetonitril. Fraksi acetonitril di uji dengan menggunakan KLT dengan fasa diam silica gel 60 GF254 dan eluen hexan: etil asetat (4:1) guna mengidentifikasi artemisinin. Pemisahan lebih lanjut dilakukan dengan kromatografi kolom dengan fase diam silika gel dan fase geraknya yaitu n-heksan: etil asetat (4:1). Eluat yang diperoleh diujikan pada plat KLT silica gel 60 GF254 menggunakan eluen yang sama dengan sebelumnya. Eluat yang mempunyai Rf sama digabung menjadi satu fraksi dan ditetapkan kadar artemisinin menggunakan densitometri beserta validasi metodenya. Hasil validasi metode menunjukkan bahwa linearitas dengan koefisien korelasi 0,998, batas deteksi 0,028mg/mL dan batas kuantitasi 0,094mg/mL dan nilai simpangan baku relatif artemisinin memenuhi persyaratan untuk presisi yaitu lebih kecil dari 2%. Hasil perolehan kembali untuk artemisinin adalah 100,08%. Kadar artemisinin dalam ekstrak heksan herba Artemisia annua L dengan metode densitometri sebesar 0,46% dan kadar artemisinin dalam herba Artemisia annua L. 0,02% Kata Kunci: Artemisinin, Artemisia annua L, ekstrak heksan daun Artemisia annua L, Densitometri. Abstract Malaria desease is still problem health people in Indonesia, because morbiditas rate is high. Kinin and Klorokuin are used by most of people in the world, but it were resistance. Artemisinin and it’s derivate are used against resistance’s plasmodium. Artemisinin is isolation from Artemisia Annua L. plant. This is Chinese original plan but is cultivated in BPTO Tawangmangu. Artemisinin content determination in heksane extract from Artemisa annua using validated densitometry method. Artemisinin extract can be obtained by soxletasi using hexane and then fractionation was done by using acetonitril. This acetonitril extract is concentrated by rotary evaporator and artemisinin detection use thin layer chromatography with silica gel 60 GF 254 and eluen hexan :etil acetate (4:1). Separation was done by colloumm chromatography with silica gel and eluen hexane : etil acetate (4:1). Eluat which is content artemisinin determinated with the same way. Eluat with same Rf is fused and determination content using validated densitometry method. The validation result showed that linieritas with correlation coefficient is 0,9998, detection limit is 0,028 mg/ml, detection quantitation limit is 0,094 mg/ml, and deviation relative at least 2%. Recovery result artemisinin is 100,08%. Artemisinin content in heksane extract from Artemisia annua L with denisitometry method is 0,0850 grm and Artemisinin content in Artemisia annua L plant is 0,02% Key words: Artemisinin, Artemisia annua L, hexane extract Artemisia annua L, Densitometry method

Hipertensi dan Diabetes Mellitus pada Wanita Usia Subur (WUS) di Daerah Urban di Indonesia -, Delima; Isnawati, Ani; Raini2, Mariana
Jurnal Biotek Medisiana Indonesia Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Central Basic Biomedical and Health Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (349.329 KB)

Maternal mortality in Indonesia is still high. Gestational hypertension and diabetes mellitus are among the causes. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus in reproductive age women impact the gestation and the delivery. The objectives of this analysis on Riskesdas (National Basic Health Research) 2007 data were getting the percentage of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in reproductive age women in Indonesian urban in 2007.Analysis was done descriptively and analytically using Riskesdas 2007 community and biomedical data, i.e. blood pressure and blood glucose level. Total samples were 99 649 community samples and 8 951 biomedical samples. The results showed there were 10.2 % pregnant women aged 15-49 years old in Indonesian urban had hypertension and 4.9 % had diabetes mellitus, while 23.6 % of unpregnant women had hypertension and 4.0 % had diabetes mellitus. Three provinces with highest percentage of hypertension in unpregnant women were in Gorontalo, North Sulawesi, and South Kalimantan and highest percentage of diabetes mellitus were NAD, North Maluku, and Bangka Belitung. Unpregnant reproductive age women with DM had 2.3 times higher risk to have hypertension (adjusted prevalence OR=2.3; 95 % CI 1.82 % -2.99 %).Key words: reproductive age women, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, National Basic Health Research (Riskesdas)Â AbstrakAngka kematian maternal di Indonesia masih tinggi. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah hipertensi dan diabetes melitus pada masa kehamilan. Hipertensi dan diabetes melitus pada wanita usia subur dapat memengaruhi kehamilan dan persalinan. Analisis lanjut data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2007 ini bertujuan menghitung persentase hipertensi dan diabetes melitus pada wanita usia subur di daerah urban Indonesia pada tahun 2007. Data Riskesdas 2007 bagian kesehatan masyarakat dan biomedik (kadar gula darah) dianalisis secara deskriptif dan analitik. Total sampel data kesehatan masyarakat sebanyak 99649 dan data biomedik sebanyak 8.951. Hasil analisis menunjukkan persentase hipertensi dan diabetes melitus pada wanita hamil usia 15-49 tahun di daerah urban Indonesia sebesar 10,2 % dan 4,9 %, sedangkan pada wanita yang tidak hamil sebesar 23,6 % dan 4,0 %. Tiga provinsi dengan persentase hipertensi tertinggi pada wanita tidak hamil adalah Gorontalo, Sulawesi Utara, dan Kalimantan Selatan, sedangkan provinsi dengan proporsi diabetes melitus tertinggi adalah Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, Maluku Utara, dan Bangka Belitung. Wanita usia subur tidak hamil dengan diabetes mellitus mempunyai risiko 2,3 kali lebih tinggi untuk mengalami hipertensi (OR suaian= 2,3; 95% CI 1,82-2,99).Kata kunci: wanita usia subur, hipertensi, diabetes mellitus, Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas).

KAJIAN: KHASIAT DAN KEAMANAN STEVIA SEBAGAI PEMANIS PENGGANTI GULA Raini, Mariana; Isnawati, Ani
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 21, No 4 Des (2011)
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/mpk.v21i4 Des.50.

The increasing of diabetic prevalence encouraged scientists to discover sweetener as sugar substitution. Stevia is a perenial shrub (known as Stevia rebaudiana) of the aster family that has been used for hundred of years to sweetening. Stevia is a natural, non caloric, sweet tasting plant known for its pleasant sweet taste without leaving bitter aftertaste. The leaves contain primarily stevioside and rebaudioside. Both have potential for antihyperlicemic and blood pressure lowering effect. Besides its empirical long-use without any reported toxicity in Latin America and Asia, Japan also enhanced its widespread use. Negative side effects of Stevia has not been seen yet. Stevioside and rebaudioside are not genotocsic in vitro or in vivo in animal models and the genotocicity of steviol and some of its oxidative derivats in vitro are not expressed in vivo. (The study is an assessment derived from 30 of the report studies/review collected from international journals). The objective is to evaluate the biochemical, to study the effect and safety of stevia herb as well as to support its use as sugar substitution particularly for diabetic patients. ARTIKEL Abstrak Meningkatnya prevalensi diabetes mendorong para ilmuwan untuk menemukan pemanis sebagai pengganti gula. Stevia adalah semak perenial (dikenal dengan Stevia rebaudiana) bagian dari keluarga aster yang te;ah digunaka selama ratusan tahun sebagai pemanis. Stevia alami, non kalori, tanaman yang dikenal dengan rasa manisnya tanpa meninggalkan rasa pahit jika dicicipi. Daunnya mengandung stevioside dan rebaudioside. Keduanya memiliki antihpyperlicemic dan berpotensi menurunkan tekanan darah. Efek samping dari stevia belum ada. (Penelitian ini merupakan penialaian yang berasal dari 30 laporan studi/review yang dikumpulkan dari jurnal internasional). Tujuannay adalah untuk mengevaluasi biokimia, untk mempelajari efek dan kemanan Stevia serta mendukung penggunanannya sebagai pengganti gula terutama untuk pasien diabetes.

KELUHAN DAN KEPATUHAN PENDERITA MALARIA TERHADAP PENGOBATAN MALARIA ARTESUNAT-AMODIAKUIN DI KALIMANTAN DAN SULAWESI Raini, Mariana; Gitawati, Retno; Isnawati, Ani; Tjitra, Emiliana
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 21, No 3 Sept (2011)
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/mpk.v21i3 Sept.92.

Drug resistance is one of the global problems, particularly in communicable diseases control including Indonesian malaria elimination program. Since 2004, Artesunate-Amodiaquine (AS+AQ), an Artemisinin based Combination Therapy (ACT), has been used in Indonesia as recommended by the WHO for treatment of acute uncomplicated malaria, replacing of chloroquine resistant antimalarial. Since then, implementation of AS+AQ has never been evaluated. It was reported that AS+AQ coverage was 33,7% because the patients did not comply due to adverse events, and the combination therapy was not a single formulation (fixed-dose). Therefore, there is a need to assess and evaluate the compliance of AS+AQ on subjects malaria treated with AS+AQ at Health Center (Puskesmas) sentinel sites in Kalimantan and Sulawesi. This was a cross-sectional and non intervention observational study. There were 99 malaria subjects participated in this study. All subjects were treated with 3 days regimen AS+AQ as the national malaria treatment guideline, and they were followed-up on days 3, 7 and 28. Indepth interview was done in several subjects as informants and staff of puskesmas for knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP) of AS+AQ used. Of the 99 malaria subjects evaluated, there were 34 P. falciparum, 36 P. vivax, and 29 mixed infection malaria subjects. Almost all the study subjects (92,9%) completed the therapy. There were 2 subjects withdrawn due to serious adverse event (SAE), 4 subjects were withdrawn because of having severe untolerable adverse events and 1 subject because of lost to follow up. About 84% subjects experienced clinical complaints after AS+AQ administered. Most of the complaints were mild to moderate and tolerable. Overall, the compliance of the 3-day AS+AQ regimen was moderately satisfied. AbstrakResistensi obat merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan di dunia, khususnya dalam pengendalian penyakit menular termasuk program pemberantasan malaria di Indonesia. Sejak tahun 2004, Program Pemberantasan Malaria menggunakan Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT) yaitu kombinasi Artesunat dan Amodiakuin (AS+AQ) untuk pengobatan malaria falciparum dan vivax tanpa komplikasi sebagai pengganti obat malaria klorokuin yang telah resisten. Sejak itu implementasi AS+AQ belum pernah dievaluasi. Telah dilaporkan bahwa cakupan AS+AQ adalah 33,7% kemungkinan karena ketidakpatuhan pasien akibat keluhan yang ditimbulkan dan formula obat yang tidak tunggal (fixed dose). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai dan mengevaluasi keluhan dan kepatuhan subyek yang mendapatkan pengobatan AS+AQ pada penderita malaria falciparum, vivax dan campuran falciparum-vivax di puskesmas sentinel di Kalimantan dan Sulawesi. Desain penelitian adalah potong lintang melibatkan 99 subyek malaria dewasa (usia ?15 tahun) yang diobati dengan AS+AQ (Artesunat-Amodiakuin) selama 3 hari sesuai dengan pedoman. Upaya tindak lanjut (follow up) kepada subyek dilakukan pada hari ke 3 (H3), hari ke 7 (H7) dan hari ke 28 (H28) setelah minum AS+AQ. Di samping itu, dilakukan wawancara mendalam (kualitatif) pada sejumlah subyek dan tenaga kesehatan untuk menilai Pengetahuan Sikap dan Perilaku (PSP) terhadap kepatuhan pengobatan AS+AQ.Hasil penelitian : Sebagian besar subyek (92,9 %) menyelesaikan terapi dan 7,1% drop out dari penelitian; dua subyek diantaranya mengalami Serious Adverse Events (SAE), empat subyek mengalami keluhan yang tidak dapat ditolerir dan dua subyek tidak datang pada kunjungan ulang yang telah ditetapkan jadwalnya. Meskipun 84,1% mengalami keluhan setelah minum AS+AQ, namun keluhan bersifat ringan-sedang, masih dapat ditolerir dan jauh berkurang setelah 1 minggu pengobatan. Kesimpulan : pengobatan AS+AQ selama 3 hari relatif masih dapat ditoleransi dan kepatuhan subyek minum obat masih cukup baik.

RASIONALISASI PENGGUNAAN OBAT SIMPTOMATIK DAN OBAT LAIN YANG DIBERIKAN BERSAMAAN DENGAN OBAT ARTESUNATE-AMODIAKUIN PADA SUBYEK MALARIA DI DELAPAN PUSKESMAS SENTINEL KALIMANTAN DAN SULAWESI Isnawati, Ani; Gitawati, Retno; Tjitra, Emiliana; Rooslamiati, Indri; Raini, Mariana; -, Delima
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 21, No 3 Sept (2011)
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/mpk.v21i3 Sept.94.

Background. Since 2004, Malaria Program in Indonesia has used Artemisinin Combination Therapy (ACT) to replace the chloroquine resistance. The recommended ACT is Artesunate dan Amodiaquine (AAQ) combination for uncomplicated falciparum malaria. To relieve side effects and clinical complaints of malaria , health workers usually gave symptomatic and other drugs in addition to antimalarial drugs. Methods. The methodology implemented in this study was a cross-sectional study to evaluate symptomatic and other drugs given together with antimalarial (AAQ) to uncomplicated malaria subjects (patients) infected by falciparum, vivax and mixed (falciparum dan vivax) plasmodium. Data were collected from case report form in 6 months (July to December 2010) from 8 (eight) sentinels puskesmas (primary health centers) in North Sulawesi, Central Sulawesi, West Kalimantan and East Kalimantan. Results. Total number of cases (89,4%) were given symptomatic and other drugs in addition to antimalarial drugs. Symptomatic and other drugs that mostly given were antipyretic/analgesic (90.8%) and vitamin-mineral (70%). There seemed to be over-use of vitamin-minerals since the indication to giving those medications were not quite clear. Antibiotics were mostly given to subjects with gastrointestinal complaints such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. The administration of antibiotic for non-bacterial infection were irrational. Antihistamines were given to 94,3% subjects without cold and flu, and this cases also be defined as inappropriate use of medicine. In addition, antacids were also given to 12,5 % subjects without gastrointestinal complaints to anticipate side effects of antimalarial. AbstrakLatar belakang.Tahun 2004 Program Pemberantasan Malaria mulai menggunakan ACT menggantikan klorokuin yang telah resisten. ACT yang direkomendasikan adalah kombinasi Artesunat dan Amodiakuin (AAq), untuk malaria falsiparum tanpa komplikasi. Untuk mengatasi efek samping obat malaria dan untuk mengurangi gejala klinik akibat penyakit malaria serta gejala klinik penyakit penyerta, maka tenaga kesehatan (Nakes) akan memberikan obat simtomatik atau obat lain selain obat malaria. Pemberian obat kadang-kadang tidak hanya satu jenis tetapi berupa kombinasi dari beberapa jenis obat. Metode.Desain penelitian cross-sectional (potong lintang) dengan jenis penelitian observasional non intervensi, untuk mengetahui obat simtomatik atau obat lain yang diberikan tenaga kesehatan selain obat terapi malaria dengan Artesunat-Amodiakuin (AAq). Subyek penelitian adalah semua pasien yang didiagnosis malaria falsiparum, vivaks dan infeksi campuran (falsiparum dan vivaks) tanpa komplikasi Pelaksanaan pengumpulan data dimulai dari bulan Juli sampai dengan awal Desember 2010. Tempat penelitian dilakukan di empat provinsi yaitu provinsi Sulawesi Utara, Sulawesi Tenggara, Kalimantan Timur dan Kalimantan Barat. Hasil. Obat simtomatik paling banyak diberikan oleh Nakes adalah Antipiretik/analgesik sebesar 90,8% dan vitamin-mineral (70%). Vitamin-mineral diberikan tanpa indikasi jelas dan cenderung berlebihan. Antibiotik banyak diberikan pada subyek untuk indikasi gangguan saluran cerna (mual, muntah, nyeri abdomen) non-infeksi bakteri adalah cenderung tidak rasional. Antihistamin tercatat diberikan pada subyek tanpa keluhan batuk pilek dan ini termsuk pemberian obat yang tidak tepat. Ditemukan pemberian antasida dan antiemetik untuk subyek tanpa keluhan gangguan saluran cerna dalam upaya mengantisipasi efek samping obat malaria.

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Dysmenorrhea Herbal Medicine Through Inhibition of the Cyclooxygenase Enzyme and Identification of Compound in Sambiloto Extract Mus, Nurul Muhlisa; Prasetya, Fajar; Widowati, Lucie; Bafadal, Mentarry; Nisaa, Nur Rezky Khairun; Isnawati, Ani
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology 2024: Suppl. 6, No. 1 (Special Issue for Mulawarman Pharmaceutical Conference)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/ijpst.v6i1.53219

Dismenore adalah rasa kram atau nyeri yang terjadi ketika menstruasi. Meskipun efektif dalam pengobatan dismenore, penggunaan AINS jangka panjang dapat menyebabkan efek samping pada sistem gastrointestinal dan terjadi pendarahan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antiinflamasi ramuan jamu dismenore yang terdiri dari ekstrak sambiloto, kunyit, kelor, jahe merah,dan coklat hitam terhadap enzim COX yang ditentukan dengan menggunakan metode TMPD secara spektrofotometri. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, diketahui ekstrak sambiloto memiliki aktivitas penghambatan baik pada enzim COX-1 maupun enzim COX-2 dengan persen inhibisi masing-masing sebesar 4.5% (1000 ppm) dan 74.29% (1000 ppm). Berdasarkan hasil analisis metabolomik menggunakan LC-HRMS, salah satu senyawa yang terdeteksi pada sampel ekstrak etanol sambiloto yaitu senyawa turunan andrographolide yaitu 14-Deoxy-11,12-didehydro andrographolide dengan rumus kimia C20H28O4. Senyawa paling melimpah kedua pada ekstrak sambiloto ini terdeteksi oleh ESI positif dengan waktu retensi 9.804 menit dan dengan berat molekul 332,1974.

Profil Penggunaan Obat Antiinflamasi Nonstreoid di Indonesia Soleha, Maratu; Isnawati, Ani; Fitri, Nyoman; Adelina, Rosa; Soblia, Hamim Tsalis; Winarsih, Winarsih
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 8, NOMOR 2, AGUSTUS 2018
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/jki.v8i2.316

Nonsteroid Antiinflamation Drugs (NSAIDs) are available in drug store and be bought as a pain relief. Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2013 study the medicines stored in household. Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2013 was held in 33 provinces and 497 districts in Indonesia. The research encompasses 300.000 households in 12.000 blocks cencus. The participants were designated households and its member of the family. The study were interviewing the participants to obtain data of all drugs that are stored and used, including traditional medicines. The data including the brand, indication, the provenance (prescribed or unprescribed by doctor), the storage period and also observe drug condition. This study was further analysis of subset data in block IV of Riskesdas 2013 in households. The data were classified by its mechanism and its structure. The result showed that East Java was the highest user of AINS drugs was (15%). Non selectif COX-2 drug and partial selectif COX-2 was 38,3% bought from drug store and 14,4% from drug store. For rheumatism treatment was all used for more than a month. Widely use of NSAIDs as a pain relief indicated the necessity of a proper medicine use information to avoid side effect of NSAID drug.

Karakterisasi Minyak Atsiri dari Simplisia Basah Ranting dan Daun sebagai Alternatif Subtitusi Kulit Batang Cinnamomum burmannii Blume Budiarti, Mery; Jokopriambodo, Wahyu; Isnawati, Ani
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 8, NOMOR 2, AGUSTUS 2018
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/jki.v8i2.323

The bark of Cinnamomum burmannii Blume is the main raw material of Cinnamomum oil because its cinnamaldehyde content is higher than in the other parts. This condition lead to the exploitation of Cinnamomum burmannii Blume bark without any cultivation effort, thus it can cause the raw material scarcity. Twigs and leaves of Cinnamomum burmannii Blume are also known to contain cinnamaldehyde therefore it provide a potential alternative source of cinnamaldehyde. The purpose of this research is to investigate the characteristic of Cinnamomum burmannii Blume essential oil which includes refractive index, profiling of chemical constituent and percentage of cinnamaldehyde as a marker compound. This research used three fresh Cinnamomum burmannii Blume simplicia of bark, twigs and leaves from two selected growing locations: Tawangmangu and Purwokerto. Simple water distillation method was conducted, together with characterization and refractive index using refractometer, followed by qualitative and quantitative analysis with Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Gas Chromatography (GC). The results showed Cinnamomum burmannii Blume oil derived from bark, twig and leaf have different profiles, but all have cinnamaldehyde as the main component. The leaf produces higher essential oil yield percentage compared to the twig with a cinnamaldehyde content that is comparable to the bark by 50% of cinnamaldehyde content in cinnamomum bark oil.

Analisis Kuantitatif Artemisinin dari Ekstrak Metanol Tanaman Artemisia Annua L. Menggunakan Densitometer Isnawati, Ani; Gitawati, Retno
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 1, NOMOR 1, 2009
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/jki.v1i1.2833

Artemisinin is the best antimalaria for chloroquine resistant P. falciparum recommended by WHO in a combination therapy. Artemisinin is isolated from Artemisia annua L (family: Asteraceae) that can grow as it should be in Indonesia and has cult1'vated by BPTO Tawangmangu in order to self-provide for raw material antimalarial. One of the important analysis is method for measuring artemisinin concentration in extract. The method should be more rapid, accurate, and suitable with the instruments available. Measuring analysis are used to determine cultivated result and to analyze cost beneﬁt raw material malaria medicine. The method will also be validated for accuracy, precision, selectivity, sensitivity and linearity. It is found that maximum wave length of artemisinin is 366 nm with TLC-densitometiy validated method, shown a good linearity, a coeﬁcient of corelation of 0.99976, a detection limit of 0.028 mg/mL, and a quantitative limit of 0.094 mg/mL. Artemisinin concentration obtained from methanol extract is 0. 221% with a recovery concentration of 1 01,08%.

Gambaran Kualitas Air Minum Di Jabodetabek Tahun 2007-2009 Alegantina, Sukmayati; Isnawati, Ani; Raini, Mariana
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 1, NOMOR 3, 2009
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/jki.v1i3.2849

The greater the public awareness of health can be ascertained from the number of people who determined the water used for drinking water. Water determination is one of the programs in Pharmacy and Chemistry Laboratory in Center for Biomedic and Pharmacy. Ministry of Health. Water sample is determined chemically and physically based on the parameter requirements by the Regulation of Ministry of Health (Permenkes) No 907/Menkes/SK/V11/2002. The design of the study is cross-sectional, the samples are waters from Jakarta, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi (Jabodetabek), and outside Jabodetabek. The water samples are obtained from people who requested to determine their drinking water during period 2007- 2008. The amount of the water samples are 1668. Water determination is done both physically and chemically. Physical water determinations are including odor, TDS (total of dissolved solids), ﬂavour, temperature, turbidity, and colour. Chemical water determinations are Nitrit, Fer-rum, hardness, Chloride, Manganese, pH, Sulfate, Sulﬁde, and organic substances. Based on the results, the result shows that 27,5% of water determinations are not recommended to drink because it contained high concentration of Manganese /7,6 91), Ferrum (7,2 %), turbidity (2,4%) and colour (2,5 %). The ratio of the samples which is not recomended to drink towards total sample in one area of Tangerang is 52.0%. Based on sampling water depth >100 m, the ratio of the samples which is not recomended to drink towards the total sample that collectedfrom the depth >100 m sample is 64.2%.

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