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Journal : Indonesian Journal of International Law

STATE RESPONSIBILITY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE DURING INTERNATIONAL ARMED CONFLICT POST THE UNCC Afriansyah, Arie
Indonesian Journal of International Law
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The 1991 Gulf War heralded many developments in international law, and particularly in the fields of humanitarian law and environmental law in regards state’s liable for paying compensation for environmental damage resulting from their conduct during armed conflict. Despite this positive development, the environment has still been the victim of subsequent international armed conflicts such as the 1999 Kosovo conflict, 2003 Iraq war and 2006 Israel-Lebanon war. No belligerent was deemed liable for environmental damage as a result of unlawful actions under international law in these international hostilities. As a consequence, perpetrators of wartime environmental crimes went unpunished. Therefore, this article attempts to analyse factors that may contribute to the ineffective implementation of state responsibility for environmental damage during international warfare following the 1991 Gulf War, and suggests some steps that may be taken to improve the enforcement of state responsibility for environmental damage during inter-states armed conflict.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND STATE RESPONSIBILITY IN INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW Afriansyah, Arie
Indonesian Journal of International Law
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

International armed conflicts is not only threatened the existence of human being, but also brought great environmental damage that has served to raise the international community's deep concern. The conflicting parties are liable for violations of their international obligations including damages to the environment. The obligations of warring parties to protect the environment are sourced not only from treaty law but also from customary law. Even though the conflict has ceased, they are still liable for the violations as long as the damages continue. That is why the legal concept of State offers an important doctrine in international conflicts offering the basis of reparation for damaged environment which needing prompt action to be taken by the responsible State.
Contemporary Existance and Relevance of the Law of Use of Force, the United Nations and the UN Charter Afriansyah, Arie
Indonesian Journal of International Law
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The increasing number of the breaking of international law especially the use of military force by the States, the regulation in military violence in international relations is not relevant anymore. Even the United Nations and the provision in the Charter considered can not face the reality in the world right now. But, that opinion can not be justified because many of the states in the world always trying to find the justification in international law for all of the action by the states.
COMPARATIVE LAW ENFORCEMENT MODEL AT SEA: LESSON LEARNED FOR INDONESIA Dewi, Yetty Komalasari; Afriansyah, Arie; Darmawan, Aristyo Rizka
Indonesian Journal of International Law
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Illegal, Unregulated, and Unreported Fishing (IUU Fishing) has grown significantly in the last few decades. This practice certainly has and will undermine global fisheries resources even further. As a result, the international community needs to establish measures to prevent the IUUF through international agreements. Presently, the international communities have formed various organizations, both regional and international (regional fisheries management organizations or RFMO), which shows its attention to the need for sustainable fisheries resources management and to prevent any illegal IUU fishing activity. Therefore, every country is currently seeking the law enforcement model to secure its maritime jurisdictions from any IUUF activity. However, each country has a separate law enforcement model, adjusting to their geographical and geopolitics condition. This article will examine the law enforcement model’s comparison in several countries and seek the best law enforcement model and a lesson learned for Indonesia.