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All Journal Kertha Patrika Masalah-Masalah Hukum LAW REFORM Yustisia Brawijaya Law Journal : Journal of Legal Studies Arena Hukum Veritas et Justitia Rechtsidee Jurnal IUS (Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan) Sriwijaya Law Review Unram Law Review Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure Hasanuddin Law Review Jurnal Wawasan Yuridika Papua Law Journal Mimbar Hukum - Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gadjah Mada Jambe Law Journal Bina Hukum Lingkungan Udayana Journal of Law and Culture Negara Hukum: Membangun Hukum untuk Keadilan dan Kesejahteraan Padjadjaran Journal of International Law Uti Possidetis: Journal of International Law Indonesian Journal of Law and Society Indonesian Journal of International Law Refleksi Hukum: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Yuridika Indonesia Law Review (ILREV) Bina Hukum Lingkungan AML/CFT Journal The Journal of Anti Money Laundering and Countering the Financing of Terrorism SASI Jurnal El-Thawalib
Arie Afriansyah
Bidang Studi Hukum Internasional, Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia.
Religion Arts Humanities Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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International Community and Indonesia’s Policy Towards Climate Change Post-2012 Afriansyah, Arie; Purwandaya, Andrea C.
Papua Law Journal Volume 1 Issue 2, May 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Law Cenderawasih University

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Abstract

Throughout the international climate change regime’s development up until 2012, the emergence of new and helpful mechanisms and negotiation processes were often accompanied by setbacks such as withdrawals and unmet State obligation. The object of this study focused on international community and indonesia’s policy towards climate change. The Method of this study is normative legal research. The result  of this thesis is to situate the internal/domestic climate of several States (the U.S., Canada, Brazil, Norway, and Indonesia) and one regional organization (the EU); and connect it to the outward international policies each have chosen to put forward on the negotiation table and/or submit themselves to. Given the global nature of and concern about climate change, it feels as if there is no shortage of lessons to pick – from outright refusal to be legally bound to the regime at all (the U.S.), an unprecedented and recent move of formal and official withdrawal from the regime’s key instrument (Canada), the struggles with implementation that a regional organization might face (the European Union), to the recent moves and measures in environmental protection pioneered and led by States characterized by their increasingly strong economies (Brazil, Norway, and Indonesia).
Rising Sea Level: Legal Consequences on the Shifting of Coastal State Baseline Narnina, Ratu Gita; Afriansyah, Arie
Padjadjaran Journal of International Law Vol 3, No 2 (2019): PJIL VOLUME 3, NUMBER 2, JUNE 2019
Publisher : Padjadjaran Journal of International Law

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Abstract

AbstractBaseline is a line drawn from the coastal configuration features, which is very important because the drawing of a baseline allows a coastal State to claim its own maritime zone as measured from said line. However, this concept of baseline currently faced new phenomena called the sea-level rise caused by the climate change. Climate change is caused by the accumulation of greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere and causing the earth's surface temperature and sea surface temperatures to increase causing the melting of ice and glaciers. Based on survey data Fifth Assessment Report conducted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is said that in 2100 the rise of sea water will reach 0.52m to 0.98m. In this regard, the rise of seawater brings a legal implication of the possibility in a shift of the baseline due to the inundation of the coastline used as a place to draw the baseline itself, resulting in the possibility of States losing juridical claims in its maritime zone. Coastal States must now begin to have awareness regarding the impacts caused by rising sea level in order to anticipate and reduce the impact of rising sea level.Keywords: Baseline, Climate Change, Maritime Zone, Rising-Sea Level. AbstrakGaris pangkal merupakan garis yang ditarik dari fitur-fitur konfigurasi pantai yang sangat penting karena penarikan garis pangkal memungkinkan suatu negara untuk mengklaim zona maritim miliknya, diukur dari garis tersebut. Akan tetapi, garis pangkal ini kini menghadapi kendala yaitu fenomena kenaikan air laut yang disebabkan oleh perubahan iklim. Perubahan iklim disebabkan karena menumpuknya gas emisi rumah kaca dan menyebabkan suhu permukaan bumi dan suhu permukaan air laut meningkat sehingga menyebabkan mencairnya es dan gletser di bumi. Dari kejadian tersebut lahirlah fenomena yang dinamakan kenaikan air laut. Berdasarkan data dari survei yang dilakukan oleh Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) dalam Fifth Assessment Report, dikatakan bahwa pada tahun 2100 kenaikan air laut akan mencapai 0,52m hingga 0,98m. Dalam hal ini, kenaikan air laut akan membawa implikasi hukum terkait kemungkinan adanya pergeseran pada garis pangkal dikarenakan tergenangnya wilayah garis pantai yang digunakan sebagai tempat untuk menarik garis pangkal, sehingga besar kemungkinan terjadinya hilangnya klaim yuridis pada zona maritim tertentu. Negara-negara pantai sekarang sudah harus menyadari dampak yang disebabkan oleh kenaikan air laut ini sehingga kemudian dapat mengantisipasi dampak dari kenaikan air laut.Kata Kunci: Garis Pangkal,  Perubahan Iklim, Zona Maritim. Kenaikan Air Laut
Surveillance at Sea: Legal Aspects of Offshore Installation's Utilization Afriansyah, Arie; Surtiwa, Salsabila Siliwangi
JILS (Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies) Vol 5 No 2 (2020): Legal Developments in National and Global Context: Various Contemporary Issues
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jils.v5i2.38943

Abstract

As the sea possesses rich variations of resources, it also imposes threats to the security and defense interests of a nation. Oil and gas exploration is one of the most important economic activities in the sea. In Indonesia, hundreds of offshore oil and gas platforms comprise thirty percent of the total oil and gas production. This signifies the importance of their establishment to the economy. However, their potentials do not stop there. As Indonesia is comprised of a very vast water area, the surveillance system still needs improvement. The article proposes to combine these interests into manifesting a simple surveillance system in offshore oil and gas platforms to improve defense and security systems, both for maritime routes in general and also the installations. The proposal prioritizes installations that are no longer operating, shifting their functions for other beneficial means. This is supported by the current law and regulations of the sea, both at the international and national levels. The international law of the sea implies that surveillance and data collection is allowed within the jurisdictional and territorial waters, whereas national levels allow functional shifting and defense system improvement in installations as long as it is coordinated with relevant ministries.
STATE RESPONSIBILITY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE DURING INTERNATIONAL ARMED CONFLICT POST THE UNCC Afriansyah, Arie
Indonesian Journal of International Law
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The 1991 Gulf War heralded many developments in international law, and particularly in the fields of humanitarian law and environmental law in regards state’s liable for paying compensation for environmental damage resulting from their conduct during armed conflict. Despite this positive development, the environment has still been the victim of subsequent international armed conflicts such as the 1999 Kosovo conflict, 2003 Iraq war and 2006 Israel-Lebanon war. No belligerent was deemed liable for environmental damage as a result of unlawful actions under international law in these international hostilities. As a consequence, perpetrators of wartime environmental crimes went unpunished. Therefore, this article attempts to analyse factors that may contribute to the ineffective implementation of state responsibility for environmental damage during international warfare following the 1991 Gulf War, and suggests some steps that may be taken to improve the enforcement of state responsibility for environmental damage during inter-states armed conflict.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND STATE RESPONSIBILITY IN INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW Afriansyah, Arie
Indonesian Journal of International Law
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

International armed conflicts is not only threatened the existence of human being, but also brought great environmental damage that has served to raise the international community's deep concern. The conflicting parties are liable for violations of their international obligations including damages to the environment. The obligations of warring parties to protect the environment are sourced not only from treaty law but also from customary law. Even though the conflict has ceased, they are still liable for the violations as long as the damages continue. That is why the legal concept of State offers an important doctrine in international conflicts offering the basis of reparation for damaged environment which needing prompt action to be taken by the responsible State.
Contemporary Existance and Relevance of the Law of Use of Force, the United Nations and the UN Charter Afriansyah, Arie
Indonesian Journal of International Law
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The increasing number of the breaking of international law especially the use of military force by the States, the regulation in military violence in international relations is not relevant anymore. Even the United Nations and the provision in the Charter considered can not face the reality in the world right now. But, that opinion can not be justified because many of the states in the world always trying to find the justification in international law for all of the action by the states.
COMPARATIVE LAW ENFORCEMENT MODEL AT SEA: LESSON LEARNED FOR INDONESIA Dewi, Yetty Komalasari; Afriansyah, Arie; Darmawan, Aristyo Rizka
Indonesian Journal of International Law
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Illegal, Unregulated, and Unreported Fishing (IUU Fishing) has grown significantly in the last few decades. This practice certainly has and will undermine global fisheries resources even further. As a result, the international community needs to establish measures to prevent the IUUF through international agreements. Presently, the international communities have formed various organizations, both regional and international (regional fisheries management organizations or RFMO), which shows its attention to the need for sustainable fisheries resources management and to prevent any illegal IUU fishing activity. Therefore, every country is currently seeking the law enforcement model to secure its maritime jurisdictions from any IUUF activity. However, each country has a separate law enforcement model, adjusting to their geographical and geopolitics condition. This article will examine the law enforcement model’s comparison in several countries and seek the best law enforcement model and a lesson learned for Indonesia.
Paris Agreement: Respon Terhadap Pendekatan Prinsip Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities Dalam Kyoto Protocol Arie Afriansyah; Amira Bilqis
Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure Vol 20, No 3 (2020): Edisi September
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (347.72 KB) | DOI: 10.30641/dejure.2020.V20.391-408

Abstract

Kemampuan dalam menangani permasalahan lingkungan antara negara maju dan berkembang kerap berdampak obligasi yang diatur dalam perjanjian internasional. Prinsip Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC) sebagai prinsip yang memimpin dalam hukum lingkungan internasional merupakan jembatan untuk menyeimbangkan kepentingan dua kelompok negara tersebut. Namun, dalam instrumen hukum internasional terdapat implementasi yang berbeda dari prinsip tersebut dengan masing-masing pendekatan yang digunakan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisa bagaimana implementasi prinsip CBDR-RC dalam Paris Agreement dibandingkan dengan pendahulunya yaitu Kyoto Protocol. Metode penelitian dalam tulisan ini adalah yuridis normatif yang disajikan secara deskriptif analitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan yang digunakan dalam Kyoto Protocol sebagai perjanjian yang menetapkan secara kaku besaran emisi yang harus direduksi diidentifikasi sebagai Top-Down. Sedangkan perjanjian penerusnya yaitu Paris Agreement sebagai perjanjian yang didasarkan atas dasar sukarela terhadap besaran emisi yang perlu dicapai diidentifikasi menggunakan pendekatan sebagai Bottom-Up. Pendekatan yang digunakan dari Paris Agreement berbeda sebagai respon dan bentuk evaluasi dari pendekatan yang digunakan dalam Kyoto Protocol yang berakibat tingkat partisipasi dalam usaha reduksi emisi meningkat secara drastis dan mendorong negara Annex I menargetkan reduksi yang lebih tinggi lagi. Terlepas dari kenyataan bahwa Paris Agreement telah menyelesaikan masalah dalam mekanisme Kyoto Protocol, perjanjian ini masih memiliki beberapa kekurangan. Kesimpulannya, transformasi pendekatan yang terjadi dalam kedua perjanjian ini mempengaruhi tren komitmen reduksi emisi dalam rezim perubahan iklim bagi negara maju maupun berkembang.
RISING SEA LEVEL: LEGAL CONSEQUENCES ON THE SHIFTING OF COASTAL STATE BASELINE Ratu Gita Narnina W; Arie Afriansyah
Padjadjaran Journal of International Law Vol. 3 No. 2 (2019): Padjadjaran Journal of International Law, Volume 3, Number 2, June 2019
Publisher : International Law Department, Faculty of Law Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23920/pjil.v3i2.321

Abstract

AbstractBaseline is a line drawn from the coastal configuration features, which is very important because the drawing of a baseline allows a coastal State to claim its own maritime zone as measured from said line. However, this concept of baseline currently faced new phenomena called the sea-level rise caused by the climate change. Climate change is caused by the accumulation of greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere and causing the earth's surface temperature and sea surface temperatures to increase causing the melting of ice and glaciers. Based on survey data Fifth Assessment Report conducted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is said that in 2100 the rise of sea water will reach 0.52m to 0.98m. In this regard, the rise of seawater brings a legal implication of the possibility in a shift of the baseline due to the inundation of the coastline used as a place to draw the baseline itself, resulting in the possibility of States losing juridical claims in its maritime zone. Coastal States must now begin to have awareness regarding the impacts caused by rising sea level in order to anticipate and reduce the impact of rising sea level. Keywords: Baseline, Climate Change, Maritime Zone, Rising-Sea Level. AbstrakGaris pangkal merupakan garis yang ditarik dari fitur-fitur konfigurasi pantai yang sangat penting karena penarikan garis pangkal memungkinkan suatu negara untuk mengklaim zona maritim miliknya, diukur dari garis tersebut. Akan tetapi, garis pangkal ini kini menghadapi kendala yaitu fenomena kenaikan air laut yang disebabkan oleh perubahan iklim. Perubahan iklim disebabkan karena menumpuknya gas emisi rumah kaca dan menyebabkan suhu permukaan bumi dan suhu permukaan air laut meningkat sehingga menyebabkan mencairnya es dan gletser di bumi. Dari kejadian tersebut lahirlah fenomena yang dinamakan kenaikan air laut. Berdasarkan data dari survei yang dilakukan oleh Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) dalam Fifth Assessment Report, dikatakan bahwa pada tahun 2100 kenaikan air laut akan mencapai 0,52m hingga 0,98m. Dalam hal ini, kenaikan air laut akan membawa implikasi hukum terkait kemungkinan adanya pergeseran pada garis pangkal dikarenakan tergenangnya wilayah garis pantai yang digunakan sebagai tempat untuk menarik garis pangkal, sehingga besar kemungkinan terjadinya hilangnya klaim yuridis pada zona maritim tertentu. Negara-negara pantai sekarang sudah harus menyadari dampak yang disebabkan oleh kenaikan air laut ini sehingga kemudian dapat mengantisipasi dampak dari kenaikan air laut. Kata Kunci: Garis Pangkal, Kenaikan Air Laut, Perubahan Iklim, Zona Maritim.
Kebijakan Kelautan Indonesia dan Diplomasi Maritim Indriati Kusumawardhani; Arie Afriansyah
Kertha Patrika Vol 41 No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

Pada masa pemerintahan Presiden Joko Widodo dimulai tahun 2014, muncul gagasan Poros Maritim Dunia yang menekankan Indonesia pada pembangunan sektor kelautan di berbagai aspek dalam masa pemerintahannya periode 2015 – 2019. Gagasan Poros Maritim Dunia ini juga menjadi suatu pendekatan strategi kemaritiman dan visi Indonesia untuk menjadi negara maritim. Gagasan ini dituangkan dalam Kebijakan Kelautan Nasional (National Ocean Policy) yang ditetapkan dalam Peraturan Presiden Nomor 16 Tahun 2017 tentang Kebijakan Kelautan. Lampiran peraturan presiden tersebut disebut sebagai Dokumen Nasional Kebijakan Kelautan Indonesia. Indonesia sebagai negara yang berdaulat telah berhasil melaksanakan Diplomasi Maritim sejak Deklarasi Djuanda 1957 dengan hasil Konsep Negara Kepulauan dan lahirnya norma hukum baru, yaitu lebar laut teritorial 12 mil laut yang diukur dengan menarik garis lurus dari titik terluar. Norma hukum baru tersebut juga diterima dalam United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982 setelah melalui diplomasi dan perundingan selama 25 tahun. Dengan demikian, masuknya Diplomasi Maritim sebagi bagian dari Kebijakan Kelautan Indonesia adalah tepat karena Diplomasi Maritim adalah salah satu pilar bagi pencapaian Gagasan Poros Maritim. Tulisan ini akan menjelaskan dan menjabarkan Diplomasi Maritim sebagai salah satu pilar bagi pencapaian Gagasan Poros Maritim dan menjadikan Indonesia sebagai negara kepulauan yang berdaulat atas wilayahnya. Penelitian dalam tulisan ini adalah penelitian hukum dengan tipologi penelitian hukum normatif terhadap asas-asas hukum dan sistematika hukum kelautan berdasarkan hukum nasional dan hukum internasional terkait. Hasil dari penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendorong pengembangan diplomasi maritim Indonesia yang sejalan dengan kebijakan maritim Indonesia.
Co-Authors Adijaya Yusuf Adijaya Yusuf Ahmad Ghozi Akbar Kurnia Putra Amira Bilqis Amira Bilqis Ananda Kurniawan Sukarmaji Anbar Jayadi Angela Vania Angky Banggaditya Anshari, Firman Akbar Bismo Jiwo Agung Christou Imanuel Darmawan, Aristyo Rizka Darmawan, Aristyo Rizka Dewo Baskoro Dewo Baskoro Dewo Baskoro Dila Paruna Elisabeth Ardiastuti Erni Eriza Siburian Eva Achjani Zulfa Gledys Deyana Wahyudin Gurnita Ning Kusumawati Hadi Rahmat Purnama, Hadi Rahmat Hartoyo, Yoga Muhammad Adhiwiratama Hasiah, Hasiah Hikmahanto Juwana Igor Yoso Igor Yoso Indriati Kusumawardhani M. Ikhsan Lapadengan Melda Kamil Ariadno Melda Kamil Ariadno Muhammad Dzaki Fadhiil Narnina, Ratu Gita Permana, Rizky Banyualam Purwandaya, Andrea C. Rafika Rizky Aulia Rahman Rania Andiani Ratu Gita Narnina W Rizka Iswara Rizky Banyualam Permana Rizky Banyualam Permana S.Pd. M Kes I Ketut Sudiana . Sakina Fakhriah Sakina Fakhriah Selo Pasha Purnawarnantha Siburian, Erni Eriza Sulistyo, A. D. Agung Surtiwa, Salsabila Siliwangi Wargadalem, M Akila Windraskinasih, Mutiara Yetty Komalasari Dewi