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All Journal Kurios Jurnal Teologi & Pelayanan Kerusso
Rumbekwan, George
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Religion Arts Humanities Education Social Sciences Other

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Problem Kata ‘Tinggal’ dalam 2 Yohanes Ayat 2 Versi TB 2: μένουσαν, ἐνοικοῦσαν, atau οὖσαν? Prabowo, Paulus Dimas; Rumbekwan, George; Sinaga, Donna Crosnoy
Jurnal Teologi dan Pelayanan Kerusso Vol 9 No 2: Jurnal Teologi & Pelayanan Kerusso - September 2024
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Injili Indonesia Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33856/kerusso.v9i2.395

Abstract

The word 'remain' in 2 John verse 2 TB 2 version contains problems. First, there are three Greek variants of this word, namely μένουσαν, ἐνοικοῦσαν, and οὖσαν. Second, each variant has a certain theological emphasis based on the chosen understanding. Third, A Textual Commentary on The Greek New Testament does not detect and identify the existence of these three variants. This article was written to achieve several goals: first, to review each variant to discover its theological meaning; second, comparing the three variants to determine which possible variation is closest to the original text of the Bible. Through a text critical approach supported by grammatical-syntactic analysis, the results obtained are that the first variant, namely μένουσαν (menousan) has the strongest position with a lot of support from a cultural, contextual and theological perspective. The habitual aspect can be seen in John's tendency to use the word μένω (meno) in his writings, with a total of 67 uses or 56.8% of 118 occurrences in the New Testament, even 31 ancient manuscripts including the two Great Uncial Codexes (Sinaiticus and Vaticanus) and the Vulgate choose the first version. The contextual aspect can be seen in verse 2b, namely μεθ᾽ ἡμῶν ἔσται εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα which emphasizes time and from the appearance of the word μένω in verse 9 which shows harmony. The theological aspect can be seen in emphasizing the meaning of the permanence of truth (aletheia) based on lexical analysis, including its use in secular ancient Greek literature, and contextual analysis, namely the appearance of τὸν αἰῶνα (ton aiona) in verse 2b and προάγων (proagon), so that John's message is that the congregation persists in the true teaching, without leaving it.
Green liberation theology dan kepemimpinan eko-pastoral: Konstruksi teologis gereja yang berkomitmen pada keadilan ekologis Randa II, Federans; Manggaprou, Pilipus; Rumbekwan, George
KURIOS Vol. 11 No. 1: April 2025
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Pelita Bangsa, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30995/kur.v11i1.1051

Abstract

The contemporary ecological crisis demands an integrative and transformative theological response from church leadership. This article develops a model of eco-pastoral leadership grounded in green liberation theology, a creative synthesis of liberation theology and eco-theology. Through constructive theology with hermeneutical-ecological analysis, this study shows that eco-pastoral leadership requires ecological metanoia that integrates spiritual, social, and environmental dimensions. This theological construction rests on three pillars: the amplification of green theology, sustainable practices, and advocacy for environmental justice. The result is a framework of church leadership capable of responding to the cli-mate crisis while empowering the communities most affected by environmental injustice. Abstrak: Krisis ekologis kontemporer menuntut respons teologis yang integratif dan transformatif dari kepemimpinan gereja. Artikel ini mengonstruksi model kepemimpinan eko-pastoral berbasis green liberation theology sebagai sintesis kreatif antara teologi pembebasan dan ekoteologi. Melalui metode teologi konstruktif dengan analisis hermeneutis-ekologis, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan eko-pastoral memerlukan ecological metanoia yang mengintegrasikan dimensi spiritual, sosial, dan ekologis. Konstruksi teologis ini dibangun di atas tiga pilar: amplifikasi teologi hijau, praktik berkelanjutan, dan advokasi keadilan lingkungan. Hasilnya adalah kerangka kepemimpinan gerejawi yang mampu merespons krisis iklim sekaligus memberdayakan komunitas-komunitas yang paling terdampak oleh ketidakadilan lingkungan.
Imago Dei sebagai kritik profetis terhadap diskriminasi: Rekonstruksi antropologi-teologis untuk keadilan dan harmoni dalam kebinekaan Indonesia Rumbekwan, George; Mandacan, Yehuda; Randa II, Federans; Damanik, Jon Mister
KURIOS Vol. 11 No. 2: Agustus 2025
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Pelita Bangsa, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30995/kur.v11i2.1052

Abstract

This article explores the potential of the imago Dei doctrine as a prophetic critique of various forms of discrimination that threaten social harmony in Indonesia's multicultural society. This study employs a constructive-contextual theological approach to reconstruct a theological anthropology based on a relational interpretation of the image of God, thereby establishing an ethical foundation for a just and dignified communal existence. The findings of this study indicate that a relational and democratic understanding of imago Dei provides a strong theological resource for rejecting all forms of degradation of human dignity, while affirming respect for cultural diversity as a manifestation of divine creativity. This reconstruction has implications for the development of an inclusive social ethic grounded in mutual recognition and for strengthening local cultural values that support harmony in diversity.   Abstrak Artikel ini mengeksplorasi potensi doktrin imago Dei sebagai kritik profetis terhadap berbagai bentuk diskriminasi yang mengancam harmoni sosial dalam masyarakat multikultural Indonesia. Melalui pendekatan teologi konstruktif-kontekstual, studi ini merekonstruksi antropologi-teologis yang berakar pada pemahaman relasional tentang gambar Allah untuk membangun fondasi etis bagi kehidupan bersama yang adil dan bermartabat. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman imago Dei secara relasional dan demokratis menyediakan sumber daya teologis yang kuat untuk menolak segala bentuk degradasi martabat manusia, sekaligus menegaskan penghargaan terhadap keberagaman budaya sebagai manifestasi kreativitas Ilahi. Rekonstruksi ini berimplikasi pada pengembangan etika sosial yang inklusif berbasis pengakuan timbal balik dan penguatan nilai-nilai budaya lokal yang mendukung harmoni dalam kebinekaan.
Co-Authors Damanik, Jon Mister Mandacan, Yehuda Manggaprou, Pilipus Prabowo, Paulus Dimas Randa II, Federans Sinaga, Donna Crosnoy