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SEJARAH USHUL FIQH QABLA TADWIN: ANALISIS HISTORIS DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN HUKUM ISLAM Almurni, Muhammad Furqon; Aen, I Nurol; Anwar, Syahrul
HUKMY : Jurnal Hukum Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): HUKMY : Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35316/hukmy.2024.v4i1.475-490

This study aims to explore the evolution of the science of ushul fiqh prior to the written era, opening a new window into the historical and intellectual understanding of this discipline, which is often presumed absent by scholars and students in shari'ah studies. Employing a descriptive analysis methodology, this research delves into the chronological development of ushul fiqh, from its initiation period to the termination of its pre-writing phase. Through an exploration of key events and dating based on historical evidence, this research identifies the inception of ushul fiqh during the migration of Prophet Muhammad SAW from Mecca to Medina. This period, starting from the first year of the Hijrah, is significant as the Quran and Hadith began to explicitly address elements of fiqh, marking the dawn of this discipline's formation. The analysis reveals that the early formation period of ushul fiqh lasted until the beginning of the second century Hijrah, where a critical transition occurred with the commencement of documentation and writing of the science by scholars, albeit in a partial form. The findings of this study not only clarify the historical timeline of ushul fiqh but also highlight the intellectual dynamics contributing to the formal consolidation of this discipline within the shari'ah science canon.

Analysis of Abu Yusuf's Thoughts on Tax Revenue in the Book of al-Kharāj and Its Relevance to Contemporary Tax Law Principles: A Fiqh Perspective Jajat Sudrajat; Almurni, Muhammad Furqon; Yadi Janwari; Dedah Jubaedah
NUKHBATUL 'ULUM: Jurnal Bidang Kajian Islam Vol 10 No 2 (2024): NUKHBATUL 'ULUM: Jurnal Bidang Kajian Islam
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (P3M) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Islam dan Bahasa Arab (STIBA) Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36701/nukhbah.v10i2.1768

This article aims to analyze the differences of opinion among scholars regarding the legal imposition of obligations on the public by the Islamic state other than zakat. The main focus of this article is on the views of Abu Yusuf, a prominent scholar during the Abbasid era, whose famous work al-Kharāj made a significant contribution to the development of the tax system in the Islamic state, as well as its relevance to contemporary tax law principles. In addition, the article examines the criteria for tax collection based on the perspective of fiqh. This study employs a qualitative approach using normative juridical and descriptive-analytical methods. The findings reveal that Abu Yusuf, through al-Kharāj, recognized the imposition of taxes by the state in addition to zakat, such as jizyah (a tax levied on non-Muslim citizens), ‘usyr (a tithe, typically one-tenth of agricultural produce), and kharāj (a land tax on agricultural lands). During the time of Prophet Muhammad PBUH there were no established regulations regarding kharāj and ‘usyr. The implementation of these two taxes began during the era of ‘Umar bin al-Khaṭṭāb RA, following the conquest of Persian territories, particularly the fertile region of Sawad in Iraq, where kharāj was imposed on land and ‘usyr was levied on non-Muslim traders entering Islamic territories. The conclusion of this study is that the imposition of taxes other than zakat is recognized in fiqh, provided it meets specific criteria, including a real and urgent need, fair and prudent implementation, allocation of tax revenue for public interest, and consultation between the leader and experts prior to tax imposition. The practical implication of this study is that the application of taxes in accordance with fiqh criteria can serve as an additional source of revenue for Islamic states to develop infrastructure and improve social welfare, particularly in efforts to alleviate poverty.

Musykilât Tanmiyah Mahârah al-Kalâm Fî Ta’lîm al-Lughah al-‘Arabiyyah Ladâ al-Ṯullâb Fî Ma’had Nûr al-Hadîd Bi Tisyiribon Wa al-Hulûl al-Muqtarahah Lahâ Almurni, Muhammad Furqon; Ilyas, Muhammad Harun; Jajang Komaludin
Jurnal Naskhi Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan dan Bahasa Arab Vol 6 No 2 (2024): Volume 6 Nomor 2 Oktober 2024
Publisher : Universitas Islam Ahmad Dahlan Sinjai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47435/naskhi.v6i2.3113

القدرة على استخدام اللغة هي أساس النجاح الإنساني، لأنه غاية التواصل الإجتماعي الذي لا ينفك عن حياته، وهي الوسيلة الأولى من الوسائل الاتصالية عن طريق الكلام. ولذلك مهارة الكلام من المهارات الأساسية التي يجب إتقانها والاهتمام بها وبالأولى عند تعليم اللغة العربية لدى متعلم اللغة الثانية. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى معرفة مشكلات تنمية مهارة الكلام في تعليم اللغة العربية لدى طلاب الصف العاشر والحادي عشر لقسم الدراسات الإسلامية واللغة العربية في معهد نور الحديد بتشيريبون، ومعرفة بيان كيفية الحلول المقترحة لتلك المشكلات. وهي تستخدم المنهج الوصفي التحليلي. وتكون طريقة جمع بياناتها بالملاحظة والمقابلة وتحليل الوثائق. أثبتت هذه الدراسة وجود مشكلات تنمية مهارة الكلام في تعليم اللغة العربية لدى طلاب الصف العاشر والحادي عشر لقسم الدراسات الإسلامية واللغة العربية في معهد نور الحديد بتشيريبون، من ضمنها؛ قلة حصص مواد اللغة العربية التي ترتكز في تنمية مهارة الكلام، وقلة مجال تطبيق الكلام، وعدم وجود البيئة اللغوية، وإجراءات عملية التدريس بدون اللغة العربية، وقلة رغبة الطلاب فيها، وقلة أنشطة اللغوية. وتم سرد الحلول المقترحة لها، من ضمنها؛ زيادة مواد اللغة العربية، وإجراءات عملية التدريس باللغة العربية، وتكوين البيئة اللغوية، وتوفير المدرسين والأساتذة الأكفاء والمؤهلين فيها، وتوفير الأنشطة اللغوية، واستحضار الناطق الأصلي بها من العربز.

Landasan Teoretis dan Filosofis Mazhab Syafi'i pada Penjualan Jasa dan Ijarah Dalam Sistem Ekonomi Almurni, Muhammad Furqon; Mustofa
AT-TASYRI': JURNAL ILMIAH PRODI MUAMALAH Vol. 16 No. 2 (2024): At-Tasyri': Jurnal Ilmiah Prodi Muamalah
Publisher : Prodi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah STAIN Teungku Dirundeng Meulaboh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47498/tasyri.v16i2.3465

Penelitian ini mengkaji landasan teoretis dan filosofis Mazhab Syafi'i terkait penjualan jasa dan akad ijarah dalam sistem ekonomi syariah. Mazhab Syafi'i merupakan salah satu mazhab fikih yang paling banyak diikuti di Indonesia, namun pemahaman masyarakat mengenai konsep ijarah dan jual beli jasa masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi prinsip-prinsip dasar akad sewa menyewa (ijarah) dalam Mazhab Syafi'i serta relevansinya dalam praktik ekonomi modern. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitis dengan pendekatan kualitatif, di mana data dikumpulkan melalui studi literatur dari buku-buku fikih dan sumber hukum Islam kontemporer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa akad ijarah dalam Mazhab Syafi'i menekankan pada keadilan, kejelasan manfaat, dan kepatuhan terhadap syariat. Akad ijarah tidak hanya mencakup transaksi barang, tetapi juga penjualan jasa, serta penegasan bahwa upah harus ditentukan secara jelas sejak awal akad. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa prinsip-prinsip ijarah dapat diterapkan secara efektif dalam dinamika ekonomi modern, dengan tetap menjaga integritas dan kepastian hukum sesuai syariat Islam.

Analysis of Abu Yusuf's Thoughts on Tax Revenue in the Book of al-Kharāj and Its Relevance to Contemporary Tax Law Principles: A Fiqh Perspective Jajat Sudrajat; Almurni, Muhammad Furqon; Yadi Janwari; Dedah Jubaedah
NUKHBATUL 'ULUM: Jurnal Bidang Kajian Islam Vol. 10 (2024): NUKHBATUL 'ULUM: Jurnal Bidang Kajian Islam
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (P3M) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Islam dan Bahasa Arab (STIBA) Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36701/nukhbah.v10i2.1768

This article aims to analyze the differences of opinion among scholars regarding the legal imposition of obligations on the public by the Islamic state other than zakat. The main focus of this article is on the views of Abu Yusuf, a prominent scholar during the Abbasid era, whose famous work al-Kharāj made a significant contribution to the development of the tax system in the Islamic state, as well as its relevance to contemporary tax law principles. In addition, the article examines the criteria for tax collection based on the perspective of fiqh. This study employs a qualitative approach using normative juridical and descriptive-analytical methods. The findings reveal that Abu Yusuf, through al-Kharāj, recognized the imposition of taxes by the state in addition to zakat, such as jizyah (a tax levied on non-Muslim citizens), ‘usyr (a tithe, typically one-tenth of agricultural produce), and kharāj (a land tax on agricultural lands). During the time of Prophet Muhammad PBUH there were no established regulations regarding kharāj and ‘usyr. The implementation of these two taxes began during the era of ‘Umar bin al-Khaṭṭāb RA, following the conquest of Persian territories, particularly the fertile region of Sawad in Iraq, where kharāj was imposed on land and ‘usyr was levied on non-Muslim traders entering Islamic territories. The conclusion of this study is that the imposition of taxes other than zakat is recognized in fiqh, provided it meets specific criteria, including a real and urgent need, fair and prudent implementation, allocation of tax revenue for public interest, and consultation between the leader and experts prior to tax imposition. The practical implication of this study is that the application of taxes in accordance with fiqh criteria can serve as an additional source of revenue for Islamic states to develop infrastructure and improve social welfare, particularly in efforts to alleviate poverty.

Kaidah Fiqh Al-Ma’ruf Urfan Ka Al-Masyruth Syarthon dan Aplikasinya Pada Fiqh Muamalah Kontemprer Almurni, Muhammad Furqon
ADL ISLAMIC ECONOMIC : Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi Islam Vol 4 No 2 (2023): Adl Islamic Economic: Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi Islam
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ekonomi Islam Al-Furqon Prabumulih

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56644/adl.v4i2.76

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendalami kaidah fikih al-ma’ruf urfan ka al-masyruth syarthon dan menerapkan prinsip-prinsipnya dalam konteks Fiqh Muamalah kontemporer. Dua masalah inti dari penelitian ini adalah bagaimana makna kaidah al-ma’ruf urfan ka al-masyruth syarthon dan contoh aplikasinya dalam fiqh muamalah kontemporer. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif, mengintegrasikan studi pustaka, analisis teks fikih, dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil peneltian ini menunjukkan bahwa jika dilihat dari makna lafazh, maka kaidah ini memiliki makna, “tradisi masyarakat bagai kesepakatan tertulis”. Penjelasan dari kaidah menunjukkan bahwa: kesepakatan tidak tertulis yang disepakati oleh masyarakat di suatu wilayah dianggap sama dengan kesepakatan lisan atau tertulis di antara pelaku transaksi yang harus dilaksanakan oleh semua pihak yang bertransaksi, selama kebiasaan tersebut tidak melanggar hukum yang telah ditetapkan oleh syariah.

Titik Temu Sistem Ekonomi Syariah dan Sitem Ekonomi Pancasila Serta Filsafat Keduanya Untuk Mencapai Kesehjateraan Ekonomi Rakyat Indonesia Almurni, Muhammad Furqon; Syarif, Nurrohman
Ad-Deenar: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam Vol. 8 No. 01 (2024): Ad-Deenar: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Al Hidayah Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30868/ad.v8i01.6013

Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mendapatkan titik temu antara filsafat ekonomi syariah dan ekonomi Pancasila. Dari titik temu ini kita dapat simpulkan bahwa ekonomi syariah dan ekonomi Pancasila dapat bersama-sama berkolaborasi memajukan perekonomian Indonesia. Artikel ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif analisis, yaitu dengan menggambarkan pengertian ekonomi Pancasila dan ekonomi syariah, prinsip-prinsip dan dasar-dasar masing-masing cara berekonomi dan tujuan masing-masing ekonomi. Dari hal-hal yang disebutkan penulis menyimpulkan titik temu antara dua sistem ekonomi. Sedangkan jenis penelitian artikel ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan merujuk kepada referensi sistem perekonominan syariah dan sistem perekonomian Pancasila. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa tujuan masing-masing ekonomi adalah sama, yaitu menggapai maslahah bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia dengan memperhatikan ahalak dan moral dalam melakukan kegiatan ekonomi.

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