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Estimasi intensitas serangan hama penyakit dan produksi tanaman kakao pada berbagai sistem pengendalian di Kabupaten Mamuju Amin, Muh.; Darmawan, Darmawan; Junaedi, Junaedi
Agrokompleks Vol 23 No 2 (2023): Agrokompleks Edisi Juli
Publisher : Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Pangkajene Kepulauan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51978/japp.v23i2.538

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji penerapan sistem pengendalian hama dan penyakit tanaman kakao yang dilakukan di Kabupaten Mamuju serta menganalisis dampaknya terhadap intensitas serangan hama dan penyakit serta produksi yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober hingga Desember 2022. Lokasi penelitian meliputi tiga kecamatan di Kabupaten Mamuju, yakni; Kecamatan Kalukku, Papalang dan Sampaga. Survey dilakukan untuk mengetahui sistem pengendalian hama yang diterapkan, sementara untuk mengetahui intensitas serangan dan produksi dilakukan uji petik. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya diregresi menggunakan aplikasi excel toolpack. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 55,70% petani menerapkan sistem pengendalian hama dan penyakit dengan sistem dua kali per bulan yang umumnya memadukan antara penggunaan insektisida dan kultur teknis berupa pemangkasan. Sistem pengendalian hama dan penyakit yang dilakukan memiliki korelasi dengan terjadinya intensitas serangan (IS) pada tanaman kakao. Namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tingkat serangan dan jumlah buah yang dihasilkan. Tingkat serangan hama dan penyakit paling rendah atau minimal pada tanaman kakao yang sistem pengendaliannya dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali per bulan dengan tingkat kerusakan paling minimal yakni rusak mutlak 10,24 % tidak mutlak 14,86 % yang termasuk kriteria ringan. Hama yang paling banyak menyerang adalah hama PBK dan Tikus yang dominan ditemukan pada sistem pengendalian satu kali per bulan, yakni masing-masing menyerang 3,3 buah dan 2,13 buah. Produksi tanaman kakao yang dihasilkan di Kabupaten Mamuju tertinggi dicapai pada sistem pengendalian tiga kali per bulan yakni sebesar 1418 kg ha-1 dibanding sistem pengendalian dua kali dan satu kali, dengan produksi masing-masing 1325 kg ha-1 dan 979 kg ha-1.
Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Korban Bullying dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Anak di Dunia Pendidikan Jamaluddin, Jamaluddin; Amin, Muh.
AHKAM Vol 4 No 4 (2025): DESEMBER
Publisher : Lembaga Yasin AlSys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ahkam.v4i4.7856

Abstract

The issue of child protection from acts of violence—particularly bullying—has been widely studied; however, research specifically addressing legal protection for bullying victims from the perspective of children's rights in the educational context remains limited. This study aims to analyze the legal protection afforded to victims of bullying within the framework of children's human rights, using case studies from several schools in South Sulawesi. A normative juridical approach was employed, supported by empirical data collected through legal document analysis and case reviews. The data were analyzed qualitatively and descriptively. The findings reveal that legal protection for bullying victims is predominantly reactive, with most responses occurring only after violations have taken place. Preventive measures—such as education on children's rights and institutionalized anti-bullying policies—are yet to be effectively implemented. Coordination among schools, parents, and child protection agencies remains weak, often resulting in informal, family-based resolutions that fail to guarantee the restoration of victims’ rights. These findings reinforce the dual framework of preventive and repressive legal protection as conceptualized by Philipus M. Hadjon (1987) and underscore the urgent need for the establishment of school-level institutional mechanisms integrated with regional child protection bodies. The study concludes that child protection systems within educational settings require a comprehensive, rights-based approach supported by multi-stakeholder collaboration. The practical implications are directed at local governments and educational institutions in developing equitable and sustainable child protection frameworks. This research also opens avenues for further policy exploration in other regions as part of strengthening the national child protection system.
Analisis Yuridis terhadap Produk Hukum Pemerintah Daerah dalam Perspektif Prinsip Otonomi Daerah Amin, Muh.; Jamaluddin, Jamaluddin
AHKAM Vol 4 No 4 (2025): DESEMBER
Publisher : Lembaga Yasin AlSys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ahkam.v4i4.7908

Abstract

The principle of regional autonomy, as guaranteed by Law Number 23 of 2014, continues to face significant challenges in its implementation, particularly concerning regulatory disharmony and the weak substantive quality of local legal instruments. This study aims to juridically analyze local government legal products through the lens of the regional autonomy principle. Employing a normative juridical approach, the study examines statutory regulations, legal doctrines, and scholarly literature to evaluate the formulation process, effectiveness, and normative barriers of local regulations. Data were collected through legal document analysis and case studies and analyzed using a qualitative-descriptive method. The findings identify three core issues: (1) inadequate vertical and horizontal harmonization between local and central regulations; (2) limited institutional capacity and human resources in the drafting and implementation of local regulations; and (3) insufficient public participation in the legislative process. These findings indicate that the implementation of regional autonomy in Indonesia remains predominantly administrative rather than substantive. Theoretically, this study proposes an integrative evaluative framework combining the principles of the rule of law, legal autonomy, and good local governance to assess the quality of local legal substance. Key recommendations include strengthening local legislative drafting institutions, enhancing participatory mechanisms, and improving central–local policy harmonization to realize a democratic, effective, and equitable regional autonomy. This study contributes conceptually to the development of the relationship between national and local law within the framework of a unitary state.