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All Journal Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Indonesian Journal of Environmental Law and Sustainable Development Reformasi Hukum Jurnal Ilmu Multidisplin Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesian State Law Review (ISLRev) Indonesian Journal of Pancasila and Global Constitutionalism
Gusthomi, Moh. Imam
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Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences

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Development of the National Food System through Digitalization and Downstreaming to Strengthen National Food Security Fikri, Muhammad Adymas Hikal; Novita, Yustina Dhian; Gusthomi, Moh. Imam
Indonesian Journal of Environmental Law and Sustainable Development Vol 2 No 2 (2023): July-December, 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijel.v2i2.76637

Abstract

Geopolitical tensions in countries have triggered uncertainty in global financial, resulting in inflationary which could to global energy and food crisis, including for Indonesia. This condition must addressed with appropriate policies , one of which is the development of a digitalization and agricultural downstream system. This article used the qualitative description method, the objective of the article is presented in comprehensive manner regarding the overview of food security in Indonesia, urgency and implementation digitalization and downstream-agriculture. In-2022, Indonesia's food security index will experience decline from the previous year. This decrease was caused mainly due to decrease in food quality and safety scores.The agricultural digitalization and downstream system allows Indonesian agriculture to be further developed so that farmers gain understanding of the required land use, but the results are satisfactory and the costs are more efficient. Agricultural digitalization interpreted as changing way things are done in aspects of agriculture, from processing to marketing.Meanwhile, downstreaming is carried out by developing agricultural activities to strengthen product processing processes, as well as developing technology in processing industry sector by strengthening the bargaining position of agricultural-based processed products. Digitalization and downstreaming can implemented through digitalization upstream and downstream from production, post-harvest, warehousing, processing, marketing and financing in the food sector through optimizing the role of MSMEs. This is realized by preparing business model digital farming through distribution smart green houseto MSMEs, distribution smart farming to food clusters, distribution of post-harvest processing machines, digitalization of product marketing with start up agriculture, to market digitalization.
Legal Analysis of Chemical Castration on the Crime of Sexual Violence against Children Khairunnisa, Devi Meilina; Gusthomi, Moh. Imam; Deka Maghfira, M. Risyah Farras; Saputra, Andhika
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal) Vol 4, No 4 (2021): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute November
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birci.v4i4.3470

Abstract

There are many cases of sexual abuse of children in Indonesia. The softness of the law against the perpetrators has made this case quite fertile. The presence of chemical castration sanctions, rehabilitation, and also the installation of detection devices are considered very light and not worth the act of destroying the child's future. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research method that aims to determine the effect of the castration law on perpetrators of sexual abuse. The result is that the chemical castration law is still not sufficient to have a fearful effect on potential perpetrators and a deterrent effect on perpetrators considering that the term is only two years. There are legal options such as life imprisonment, permanent castration, and the death penalty. However, two of them must intersect with the existence of human rights. However, life imprisonment can be the right choice to be applied to break the chain of sexual crimes against children.
Perbandingan Model Penyelesaian Sengketa Pemilu di Indonesia dengan Austria Gusthomi, Moh. Imam; Amanda, Laurensia Ivanna Puteri; Emha, Zidney Ilma Fazaada; Abdullah, Akbarta Landa; Wijayanti, Zulfa Rena; Khoirunnisa, Maulidya
Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Multidisplin (Juni–Juli 2025)
Publisher : Green Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jim.v4i2.921

Abstract

Pemilihan umum (pemilu) merupakan pilar utama demokrasi yang menjamin kedaulatan rakyat serta menjadi sarana partisipasi publik dalam menentukan arah kepemimpinan dan kebijakan negara. Namun, dalam praktiknya, pemilu kerap menimbulkan sengketa pada berbagai tahapan, mulai dari proses administrasi hingga penetapan hasil akhir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji sistem penyelesaian sengketa pemilu di Indonesia serta membandingkannya dengan sistem yang diterapkan di Austria, guna menemukan kelemahan, kelebihan, serta potensi reformasi sistemik yang relevan. Melalui pendekatan yuridis normatif dan perbandingan hukum (comparative legal study), penelitian ini menganalisis yurisdiksi kelembagaan seperti Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK), Bawaslu, dan DKPP di Indonesia, serta Verfassungsgerichtshof di Austria sebagai model tunggal penyelesaian sengketa pemilu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem multi-pintu di Indonesia menyebabkan kompleksitas, tumpang tindih kewenangan, dan ketidakpastian hukum, sementara Austria menawarkan model penyelesaian yang terpusat, final, dan lebih efisien. Temuan ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya reformasi kelembagaan dan prosedural dalam sistem penyelesaian sengketa pemilu Indonesia untuk memperkuat integritas, legitimasi hasil pemilu, dan stabilitas demokrasi. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi konseptual dan kebijakan dalam pengembangan tata kelola pemilu yang lebih baik di masa depan.
Administrative Court as Bureaucratic Reform Catalyst through Administrative Law Enforcement Deseano, Aurick Adien; Putra, Najwa Hanif Artfian Arrasyid Aulia; Gusthomi, Moh. Imam
Reformasi Hukum Vol 29 No 1 (2025): April Edition
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46257/jrh.v29i1.1075

Abstract

The State Administrative Court (PTUN) in Indonesia plays a vital role not only in supervising the legality of government actions but also in promoting bureaucratic reform. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the role of PTUN as a catalyst for bureaucratic reform, the challenges it faces in resolving administrative disputes, and the opportunities it can leverage to enhance public service quality and governance. The research employs a normative juridical method, using analysis of legislation, court decisions, legal literature, and relevant administrative judicial practices. The findings indicate that PTUN functions beyond its judicial capacity by upholding good governance principles, creating legal precedents, and correcting deviant administrative actions. However, the court's effectiveness is hindered by structural and cultural constraints, such as weak regulations on decision enforcement, the absence of supervisory mechanisms, and a low compliance culture. This study concludes that through institutional reform, legal process digitalization, human resource development, and cross-sector collaboration, PTUN can strengthen its role in shaping a more efficient, accountable, and responsive bureaucracy.
The Position of the Constitutional Court in the Sphere of Judicial Power Gusthomi, Moh. Imam; Widyawati, Anis; Ramadan, Daud Renata Candra; Wijayanti, Zulfa Rena; Islam, Adiba Ro'uf Danur
Indonesian Journal of Pancasila and Global Constitutionalism Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): July-December, 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijpgc.v4i1.20518

Abstract

This study aims to find and analyze the Herarki or the position of the Constitutional Court in the Scope of Judicial power. Where the decisions issued by the constitutional court are binding for all legal subjects and final, which means that the first and last decisions cannot be appealed. So this research is important to be researched from the history of the idea of the emergence of the constitutional court and its position in the scope of judicial power. In this study, the author will examine the position of the constitutional court based on the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia) and positive norms that are still in force today (ius contitutum). Based on this description, this study focuses on two problem formulations, namely first, how historically the constitutional court was formed as an institution within the scope of judicial power. Second, what is the position of the constitutional court within the scope of judicial power? This research is a normative research with the main research methods used are the statute approach, historical approach and conceptual approach. In this study, it is drawn from the history of the emergence of the Constitutional Court Institution and entered as one of the spheres of judicial power. Where in the judicial power there are 3 institutions including the Supreme Court Institution, the Judicial Commission Institution and the Constitutional Court Institution. The position in the institution is aligned with no higher or highest institution. Institutions within the scope of judicial power have the principle of check and balance and are independent.
Can the Erga Omnes Principle Revolutionize State Administrative Courts? A Challenge Through Lawrence M. Friedman’s Legal System Theory Mayaka, Raphael Bertrand; Sulistiyono, Tri; Gusthomi, Moh. Imam; Windiahsari, Windiahsari
Indonesian State Law Review Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian State Law Review, October 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/islrev.v7i2.18870

Abstract

The principle of erga omnes, which signifies obligations binding on all parties, has traditionally been associated with international law and human rights. However, its application within state administrative courts remains an underexplored and provocative area of legal theory. This study delves into whether the erga omnes principle can be adapted to revolutionize Indonesia’s State Administrative Court (PTUN) system, drawing on Lawrence M. Friedman’s Legal System Theory as a framework. Friedman’s theory, which emphasizes the interaction of legal rules, legal culture, and the legal environment, offers an insightful lens to analyze the broader implications of applying erga omnes in the domestic administrative context. The findings suggest that while the erga omnes principle could significantly strengthen the role of state administrative courts in ensuring broader societal justice, its implementation presents notable challenges. These challenges include the difficulty in aligning domestic legal systems with the universal and binding nature of erga omnes, the risk of overwhelming courts with cases that require systemic change, and the potential for conflicting interpretations of the principle's scope. Despite these challenges, the study proposes that strategically applying erga omnes could enhance legal coherence, public trust, and accountability in administrative decision-making. This research challenges conventional thinking by proposing an audacious application of international legal principles to domestic administrative law. It provides fresh insights into how judicial reform could reshape the PTUN system, urging policymakers and legal scholars to rethink the boundaries of state administrative justice in Indonesia.
The Role of PTUN Procedural Law in Protecting Citizens' Rights Against Decisions of State Administrative Officials Gusthomi, Moh. Imam; Rinaldi, Farrel Ardan; Setiani, Marlina Dewi
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Vol. 41 No. 2 (2024): October 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rqtn0158

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the role of the State Administrative Court Procedure Law (PTUN) in protecting citizens' rights against decisions of state administrative officials that are considered detrimental. In the context of a state of law, PTUN functions as a control mechanism against actions of administrative officials that are not in accordance with the law. The research method used is a qualitative approach, with data collection through literature studies, and analysis of PTUN decision documents. The results of the study indicate that PTUN plays an important role in upholding the principles of a state of law and providing legal protection for citizens. However, there are still challenges in its implementation, such as the slow trial process, lack of public understanding of PTUN procedures, and limited access to legal aid. To overcome these challenges, an increase in the number of judges, broader legal education for the public, and better access to legal aid services are needed. In conclusion, PTUN procedural law plays a vital role in ensuring that decisions of state administrative officials can be tested and legally accounted for, thus providing effective protection for citizens.
Urgensi Penetapan Syarat Minimal Pendidikan S1 Bagi Calon Legislatif DPR Surullaha, Intan; Perdana, Muhammad Faiz Razki; Azzahra, Hajar Auliya; Gusthomi, Moh. Imam
RIGGS: Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): November - January
Publisher : Prodi Bisnis Digital Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/riggs.v4i4.3511

Abstract

Kualitas sumber daya manusia di lembaga legislatif memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam menentukan arah pembangunan hukum dan kebijakan nasional. Sebagai lembaga pembuat undang-undang, DPR dituntut memiliki kemampuan analisis, pemahaman mendalam terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, serta kepekaan terhadap kebutuhan masyarakat. Namun, Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2017 tentang Pemilihan Umum hanya mensyaratkan calon anggota legislatif mampu membaca dan menulis tanpa menetapkan batas minimal pendidikan. Kondisi ini menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan antara kompleksitas tugas legislasi dan kapasitas intelektual para wakil rakyat yang diharapkan mampu menghasilkan kebijakan yang berkualitas dan berpihak pada kepentingan publik. Penetapan syarat minimal pendidikan Strata 1 (S1) bagi calon anggota DPR RI menjadi penting sebagai upaya meningkatkan profesionalitas, kualitas legislasi, dan efektivitas fungsi pengawasan. Pendidikan tinggi tidak hanya memberikan pengetahuan, tetapi juga melatih kemampuan berpikir kritis, analitis, serta rasional dalam mengambil keputusan. Legislator yang berpendidikan tinggi cenderung memiliki wawasan luas, pemahaman hukum yang baik, serta kemampuan dalam merumuskan kebijakan publik berbasis data dan ilmu pengetahuan. Secara filosofis, kebijakan ini sejalan dengan cita-cita bangsa dalam mencerdaskan kehidupan rakyat sebagaimana termuat dalam Pembukaan UUD 1945. Secara yuridis, revisi terhadap regulasi pemilihan umum dapat dilakukan untuk menyesuaikan standar kompetensi calon legislatif dengan tuntutan zaman. Sementara secara sosiologis, masyarakat membutuhkan wakil rakyat yang tidak hanya memiliki popularitas, tetapi juga kompetensi akademik dan moralitas tinggi. Dengan demikian, penetapan syarat minimal pendidikan S1 merupakan langkah strategis untuk mewujudkan parlemen yang profesional, berintegritas, serta responsif terhadap aspirasi rakyat dan tantangan pembangunan nasional di era modern
Problematika Gugatan Citizen Lawsuit dalam Sengketa Tata Usaha Negara (Studi Analisis Terhadap Kendala Implementasi dan Prospek Pengembangan di Indonesia) Novita, Anik; Asy-Syifa, Ghaida Raisya; Nuramalina, Tyara Fridayanty; Gusthomi, Moh. Imam
RIGGS: Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): November - January
Publisher : Prodi Bisnis Digital Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/riggs.v4i4.3577

Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas berbagai kendala dalam penerapan Citizen Lawsuit pada sengketa Tata Usaha Negara (TUN) di Indonesia yang hingga kini belum memiliki dasar hukum yang jelas, tegas, dan menyeluruh. Melalui metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan perbandingan, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa hambatan utama terletak pada ketidakpastian legal standing bagi warga negara sebagai penggugat. Ketidakjelasan ini menyebabkan pengadilan sering kali berbeda dalam menafsirkan legitimasi warga, sehingga memunculkan inkonsistensi putusan. Selain itu, batas kewenangan pengadilan TUN dalam memeriksa Citizen Lawsuit juga masih diperdebatkan karena ketiadaan norma eksplisit yang mengatur ruang lingkup tindakan pemerintah yang dapat digugat melalui mekanisme ini. Permasalahan lain muncul pada aspek pelaksanaan putusan, karena Citizen Lawsuit sering kali menghasilkan rekomendasi kebijakan yang tidak memiliki kekuatan eksekutorial kuat, sehingga implementasinya bergantung pada kemauan pemerintah. Dibandingkan dengan praktik di Amerika Serikat dan Belanda, Indonesia masih tertinggal dalam menyediakan landasan normatif yang memungkinkan warga negara berperan aktif sebagai pengawas tindakan pemerintah. Di negara-negara tersebut, Citizen Lawsuit telah berkembang sebagai instrumen penting untuk menjamin akuntabilitas dan perlindungan kepentingan publik. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan regulasi khusus yang mengatur secara komprehensif mengenai ruang lingkup, tata cara, legal standing, serta kekuatan putusan Citizen Lawsuit dalam ranah TUN. Selain itu, peningkatan kapasitas lembaga peradilan dan pemahaman hakim tentang makna partisipasi publik dalam negara hukum menjadi langkah penting untuk memastikan mekanisme ini berfungsi optimal sebagai sarana penegakan keadilan substantif dan penguatan akuntabilitas pemerintah.
Analisis Hukum Acara Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara Terhadap Gugatan Tindakan Faktual Internet Shutdown (Berdasarkan Putusan NO.230/G/2019/PTUN.JKT) Manulang, Beth Anastasia Nakita; Az-Zahra, Isna Khalimatussa’diah; Pramesthi, Amelia Nabila; Widowati, Salsa Alfi; Gusthomi, Moh. Imam
RIGGS: Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): November - January
Publisher : Prodi Bisnis Digital Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/riggs.v4i4.3694

Abstract

Kebijakan pemutusan akses internet (internet shutdown) yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah di Papua dan Papua Barat pada tahun 2019 merupakan isu krusial yang menguji batas dan perluasan kewenangan Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara (PTUN) dalam menangani Tindakan Faktual pemerintah, sekaligus menyoroti implikasinya terhadap perlindungan hak konstitusional warga negara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis-normatif dengan fokus analisis terhadap substansi dan pertimbangan hukum dalam Putusan PTUN Jakarta Nomor 230/G/TF/2019/PTUN.JKT, serta mekanisme pengajuan gugatan Tindakan Faktual berdasarkan kerangka hukum Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 2 Tahun 2019 (PERMA 2/2019). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Majelis Hakim mengabulkan gugatan para penggugat dan menyatakan bahwa kebijakan internet shutdown oleh Presiden dan Menteri Komunikasi dan Informatika merupakan Perbuatan Melanggar Hukum oleh Badan dan/atau Pejabat Pemerintahan. Ratio decidendi putusan ini bertumpu pada dua pilar utama. Pertama, pelanggaran terhadap asas legalitas, karena setiap pembatasan hak asasi manusia, khususnya hak berekspresi dan memperoleh informasi wajib memiliki dasar hukum yang jelas dalam undang-undang. Kedua, pelanggaran terhadap Asas-Asas Umum Pemerintahan yang Baik (AUPB) terutama asas proporsionalitas, karena tindakan pemblokiran total dianggap tidak seimbang dengan tujuan menjaga stabilitas keamanan nasional yang diklaim pemerintah. Putusan ini memiliki implikasi yang luas, tidak hanya memperkuat kontrol yudisial terhadap praktik diskresi eksekutif agar tetap berlandaskan hukum dan proporsionalitas, tetapi juga menegaskan bahwa akses terhadap internet merupakan bagian integral dari hak asasi manusia yang dijamin konstitusi. Selain itu, putusan ini membuka ruang partisipasi masyarakat sipil dalam mengawal kebijakan publik di era digital.
Co-Authors Abdullah, Akbarta Landa Amanda, Laurensia Ivanna Puteri Anasthalia, Deva Anis Widyawati Arianti, Raras Santika Asy-Syifa, Ghaida Raisya Az-Zahra, Isna Khalimatussa’diah Azzahra, Hajar Auliya Deka Maghfira, M. Risyah Farras Deseano, Aurick Adien Emha, Zidney Ilma Fazaada Fikri, Muhammad Adymas Hikal Islam, Adiba Ro'uf Danur Khairunnisa, Devi Meilina Khoirunnisa, Maulidya Manulang, Beth Anastasia Nakita Maulana, Hashfi Sanjaya Mayaka, Raphael Bertrand Novita, Anik Novita, Yustina Dhian Nuramalina, Tyara Fridayanty Pamungkas, Alvian Surya Perdana, Muhammad Faiz Razki Pramesthi, Amelia Nabila Putra, Najwa Hanif Artfian Arrasyid Aulia Ramadan, Daud Renata Candra Rinaldi, Farrel Ardan Saputra, Andhika Savana, Lintang Setiani, Marlina Dewi Surullaha, Intan Tri Sulistiyono Widowati, Salsa Alfi Wijayanti, Zulfa Rena Windiahsari, Windiahsari Zakiyyati, Keysya Aurelia Putri