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All Journal Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences
Soetomo, Cindy Thiovany
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health

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Dormant No More: The Neurogical Impact of Herpes Simplex Virus Reactivation Following Traumatic Brain Injury Johansyah, Theodorus Kevin Putra; Soetomo, Cindy Thiovany; Tiffany, Tiffany; Maliawan, Sri
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : https://snacc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/fall/Intl-news3.html

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24244/jni.v14i1.659

Abstract

Herpes simplex viruses (HSV), including HSV-1 and HSV-2, are neurotropic viruses capable of establishing lifelong latency in sensory ganglia and reactivating under various triggers, including traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI induces secondary injury cascades such as neuroinflammation, excitotoxicity, and blood-brain barrier disruption, which create a conducive environment for HSV reactivation. The reactivation of HSV after TBI, particularly HSV-1 and HSV-2, can lead to significant neurological consequences, including encephalitis, cognitive decline, and the development of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimers disease and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. Current therapeutic approaches focus on antiviral agents like acyclovir and valacyclovir, which manage acute HSV infection but are less effective in preventing long-term neurological damage. Emerging research highlights the potential of anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective strategies to complement antiviral therapies, aiming to reduce the neuronal damage caused by viral reactivation and inflammation. However, gaps remain in understanding the precise mechanisms linking TBI-induced neuroinflammation to HSV reactivation and its long-term impact on neurological health. This review synthesizes the current literature on the pathophysiology of HSV reactivation following TBI, and their contributions to acute and chronic neurological outcomes
Clinical efficacy of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in chronic spinal cord injury: A single-arm meta-analysis of clinical trials Wardhana, Dewa Putu Wisnu; Soetomo, Cindy Thiovany; Satyarsa, Agung Bagus Sista; Maliawan, Sri; Mahadewa, Tjokorda Gde Bagus
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): July-December 2025
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v6i2.318

Abstract

Background: Chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to irreversible neurological deficits with limited therapeutic options, making it a major challenge in neuroregenerative medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC) therapy in patients with chronic SCI using a single-arm meta-analysis. Methods: This research was conducted using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, covering studies up to August 2024 in PubMed, CENTRAL, and ScienceDirect. Included trials applied BMMSC therapy in patients ≥1 year post-injury. A random-effects model was employed using R software. Outcomes included changes in the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale, somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP), motor evoked potentials (MEP), infralesional voluntary muscle contraction (IVMC), active muscle reinnervation (AMR), and urodynamic parameters. Heterogeneity was assessed with the I² statistic, and study quality was evaluated via ROBINS-I. This study has been registered on PROSPERO with registration number CRD42024577161. Results: Seven studies comprising 133 patients were included. AIS grade improvement was observed in 0.37 (95% CI: 0.24–0.52). Improvements were also seen in SSEP at 0.40 (95% CI: 0.18–0.67), MEP at 0.37 (95% CI: 0.25–0.51), IVMC at 0.47 (95% CI: 0.34–0.60), and AMR at 0.74 (95% CI: 0.39–0.92). Urodynamic outcomes demonstrated increased maximum cystometric capacity [0.48 (95% CI: 0.30–0.67)], improved bladder compliance [0.73 (95% CI: 0.55–0.85)], and reduced detrusor pressure [0.61 (95% CI: 0.43–0.76)]. Conclusion: BMMSC therapy was associated with clinically meaningful neurological and urodynamic improvements in chronic SCI. Standardized administration protocols and randomized controlled trials are necessary to validate efficacy and optimize treatment paradigms.
Clinical effects of Spirulina supplementation on hemoglobin levels in anemic pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis Budi Gunawan, Made Favian; Soetomo, Cindy Thiovany; Darmayasa, Putu Bagus; Paramyta, I Gusti Ayu Cintya; Jayakusuma, I Putu Prabawa; Gunawan, I Made Indera
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 58 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v58i1.23573

Abstract

Anemia during pregnancy continues to pose a significant burden, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Anemia is a major contributor in increasing maternal illness and negative pregnancy outcomes. Spirulina, a nutrient-dense blue-green alga rich in bioavailable iron, has gained attention as a potential nutritional intervention to support hemoglobin improvement in pregnancy. This systematic review and meta-analysis, adhering to PRISMA standards, sought to assess the impact of Spirulina supplementation on improving hemoglobin levels among pregnant women. A single-arm meta-analysis was performed to assess the change in hemoglobin levels before and after Spirulina supplementation, while a comparative meta-analysis evaluated the mean difference in hemoglobin improvement between Spirulina and standard iron supplementation. Four eligible studies involving 1,070 pregnant women were included. The single-arm analysis demonstrated a significant increase in hemoglobin levels following Spirulina supplementation, with a pooled mean difference (MD) of 1.81 g/dL (95% CI: 0.24 - 3.39; p = 0.024). In the comparative analysis, Spirulina showed a non-significant trend toward higher hemoglobin than standard iron, with a pooled MD of 1.45 g/dL (95% CI: –0.22 - 3.13; p = 0.088). Risk of bias was low to moderate, and the overall certainty of evidence was classified as moderate. These findings suggest that Spirulina may be a promising adjunct for improving maternal hemoglobin, particularly in settings where local cultivation and food-based approaches are preferred. Further high-quality randomized trials are recommended to ascertain its clinical efficacy and inform policy on its integration into maternal nutrition programs.
Co-Authors Agung Bagus S. Satyarsa Budi Gunawan, Made Favian Darmayasa, Putu Bagus Dewa Putu Wisnu Wardhana Gunawan, I Made Indera Jayakusuma, I Putu Prabawa Johansyah, Theodorus Kevin Putra Paramyta, I Gusti Ayu Cintya Sri Maliawan Tiffany, Tiffany Tjokorda Gde Bagus Mahadewa