Mahbub Ghozali
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Normatif dan Deskriptif dalam Studi Al-Qur’an Modern: Pertarungan Kepentingan Epistimologi Barat dan Islam dalam Perspektif Charles J. Adams Mahbub Ghozali
Al Iman: Jurnal Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan Vol. 6 No. 1 (2022): Al-Iman Jurnal Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan
Publisher : STID Raudlatul Iman Sumenep

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Abstract

This study aims to find an objective framework in understanding the Qur’an using by the concept of Charles J. Adams. Adams divides religious studies approach into two main parts, namely normative and descriptive. This approach is then applied to a variety of modern studies of the Qur’an that have developed in such a way, whether studied by Westerners or Islamic scholars. To achieve this goal, this study uses a descriptive method with the type study of literature research. To deepen the data analysis, this study uses the Charles J. Adams’s religious studies approach. This study found that the types of research in the study of the Koran can be mapped according to the mapping conducted by Adams. From this mapping, it is found that the majority of the Qur'anic studies conducted by the West fall into the normative category with their respective religious tendencies. The same thing conducted by Islamic scholars who study to Islam with an apologistic approach as part of normative studies. Meanwhile, the efforts made to reconstruct the knowledge of the Qur’an fall into the descriptive category. Basically, its concepts can be used to understand the Qur’an meaning in a comprehensive manner. On the one hand it uses the meaning of the sacred text, and on the other hand, it uses the profane context. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan kerangka objektif dalam memahami al-Qur’an dengan menggunakan konsep teori Charles J. Adams. Adams membagi pendekatan dalam studi agama menjadi dua bagian utama, yakni normatif dan deskriptif. Pendekatan ini kemudian diaplikasikan pada ragam studi al-Qur’an modern yang telah berkembang sedemikian rupa, baik yang dilakukan oleh kalangan Barat ataupun sarjana Islam. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan jenis penelitian studi pustaka. Untuk memperdalam analisa data, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi Agama Charles J. Adams. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ragam penelitian dalam studi al-Qur’an dapat dipetakan sesuai dengan pemetaan yang dilakukan oleh Adams. Dari pemetaan ini ditemukan bahwa mayoritas studi al-Qur’an yang dilakukan Barat masuk dalam kategori normatif dengan tendensi keagamaan masing-masing. Hal yang sama juga dilakukan oleh sarjana Islam yang melakukan studi terhadap Islam dengan pendekatan apologistik sebagai bagian dari kajian normatif. Sedangkan upaya yang dilakukan untuk merekonstruksi pengetahuan al-Qur’an masuk dalam kategori deskriptif. Kedua konsep ini pada dasarnya dapat digunakan untuk memahami al-Qur’an secara konprehensif. Pada satu sisi menggunakan makna teksnya yang sakral, dan di sisi yang lain pada konteksnya yang profan.
Konstruksi Kebahagiaan dalam Pandangan al-Ghazālī: Antara Misykāh, Kīmyā’ dan Mi‘yār Mahbub Ghozali; Kartika Dewi, Chandra
Journal of Sufism and Psychotherapy Vol 1 No 2 (2021): JOUSIP: Journal of Sufism and Psychotherapy, Vol. 1 No. 2, November 2021
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28918/jousip.v1i2.4248

Abstract

The construction of happiness in al-Ghazālī’s view is unique than a concept of happiness in the other Sufism’s though which are more directed to the happiness of the hereafter. Al-Ghazālī gives the view that the happiness of the hereafter can only be achieved if the happiness of this world has been fulfilled. This study aims to find the process and transformation of happiness achieved in the world to form happiness in the hereafter. To achieve this goal, this study uses a qualitative method with a content analysis tool. This study shows that the achievement of happiness starts from the most basic structure, namely the body as a foothold (misykāh). The body with all its body parts doing what is beautiful actions and in accordance with sharia. Beautiful action and accordance with sharia will lead to happiness in the world. However, the actions of the body parts are controlled from within by the heart in synergy with the mind as the source of knowledge. The synergy of both of them maintain the stability of actions so that they do not deviate from the standards (mi’yār) that are determined until they are transformed into happiness in the hereafter with ma’rifah Allah (seeing the God).