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Determination of optimized sleep interval for 10 gigabit-passive optical network using learning intelligence Affida M. Zin; Sevia Mahdaliza Idrus; Nur Asfahani Ismail; Arnidza Ramli; Fadila Mohd Atan
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 12, No 3: June 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v12i3.pp2663-2671

The overall aim of this project is to investigate the application of a machine learning method in finding the optimized length of asleep time interval (TAS) in a cyclic sleep mechanism (CSM). Since past decade, the implementations of CSM in the optical network unit (ONU) to reduce the energy consumption in 10 gigabit-passive optical network (XG-PON) were extensively researched. However, the newest era sees the emergence of various network traffic with stringent demands that require further improvements on the TAS selection. Since conventional methods utilize complex algorithm, this paper presents the employment of an artificial neural network (ANN) to facilitate ONU to determine the optimized TAS values using learning from past experiences. Prior to simulation, theoretical analysis was done using the M/G/1 queueing system. The ANN was than trained and tested for the XG-PON network for optimal TAS decisions. Results have shown that towards higher network load, a decreasing TAS trend was observed from both methods. A wider TAS range was recorded from the ANN network as compared to the theoretical values. Therefore, these findings will benefit the network operators to have a flexibility measure in determining the optimal TAS values at current network conditions.

Dynamic bandwidth allocation algorithm for long reach passive optical network Siti Hasunah Mohammad; Nadiatulhuda Zulkifli; Sevia Mahdaliza Idrus
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 19, No 3: June 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v19i3.18787

Next generation broadband access networks are gaining more interests from many key players in this field. The demands for longer reach and higher bandwidth are among the driving factors for such network as it can reach wider area up to 100 km, even beyond; has enhanced bandwidth capacity and transmission speed, but with low cost and energy consumption. One promising candidate is long reach passive optical network, a simplified network with reduced number of network elements, equipment interfaces, and even nodes; which leads to a significant reduction in the network’s capital expenditure and operational expenditure. Outcome of an extended reach often results in increased propagation delay of dynamic bandwidth allocation messages exchange between the optical line terminals and optical network units, leading to the degradations of bandwidth allocation and quality of service support. Therefore, an effective bandwidth allocation algorithm with appropriate service interval setup for a long reach network is proposed to ensure the delay is maintained under ITU-T G.987.1 standard requirement. An existing algorithm is improved in terms of service interval so that it can perform well beyond 100 km. Findings show that the improved algorithm can reduce the mean delay of high priority traffic classes for distance up to 140 km.

Varying Effects of Temperature and Path-length on Ozone Absorption Cross-Section Enenche Patrick; Michael David; A.O. Caroline; Mohd Haniff Ibrahim; Sevia Mahdaliza Idrus; Tay Ching En Marcus
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 16, No 2: April 2018
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v16i2.8577

Inconsistencies in the absorption cross section of ozone have been observed. Hence, for accurate measurement, we have reported the combined effects of varying optical path-length and temperature on the ozone gas absorption cross section (OACS) at 334.15nm. Adopting optical absorption spectroscopy, results of the (OACS) have been simulated using spectralcalc simulator with HITRAN 12 has the latest line list. OACS increased by 52.27% as the temperature increased from 100K to 350K while it was slightly affected by a 0.007% decrease varying the path-length from 0.75cm-130cm.

Fundamental Review to Ozone Gas Sensing Using Optical Fibre Sensors Michael David; Mohd Haniff Ibrahim; Sevia Mahdaliza Idrus; Tay Ching En Marcus
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 13, No 4: December 2015
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v13i4.2047

The manuscript is a review of basic essentials to ozone gas sensing with optical methods. Optical methods are employed to monitor optical absorption, emission, reflectance and scattering of gas samples at specific wavelengths of light spectrum. In the light of their importance in numerous disciplines in analytical sciences, necessary integral information that serves both as a basis and reference material for intending researchers and others in the field is inevitable. This review provides insight into necessary essentials to gas sensing with optical fibre sensors. Ozone gas is chosen as a reference gas. Simulation results for ozone gas absorption cross section in the ultraviolet (UV) region of the spectrum using spectralcalc.com simulation have also been included.

Efficient P2P data dissemination in integrated optical and wireless networks with Taguchi method M. A. Wong; Jamil Abedalrahim Jamil Alsayaydeh; Sevia Mahdaliza Idrus; Nadiatulhuda Zulkifli; M. Elshaikh
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 17, No 4: August 2019
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v17i4.12776

The Quality of Service (QoS) resource consumption is always the tricky problem and also the on-going issue in the access network of mobile wireless part because of its dynamic nature of network wireless transmissions. It is very critical for the infrastructure-less wireless mobile ad hoc network that is distributed while interconnects in a peer-to-peer manner. Toward resolve the problem, Taguchi method optimization of mobile ad hoc routing (AODVUU) is applied in integrated optical and wireless networks called the adLMMHOWAN. Practically, this technique was carry out using OMNeT++ software by building a simulation based optimization through design of experiment. Its QoS network performance is examined based on packet delivery ratio (PDR) metric and packet loss probabilities (PLP) metric that consider the scenario of variation number of nodes. During the performing stage with random mobile connectivity based on improvement in optimized front-end wireless domain of AODVUU routing, the result is performing better when compared with previous study called the oRia scheme with the improvement of 14.1% PDR and 43.3% PLP in this convergence of heterogeneous optical wireless network.

Performance evaluation of comprehensive bandwidth utilization for 10-gigabit passive optical network N. A. Ismail; Sevia Mahdaliza Idrus; R. A. Butt; F. Iqbal; A. M. Zin; F. Atan
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 3: September 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Bandwidth allocation during upstream transmission is crucial to determine the efficiency and performance of a XG-PON. For XG-PON, bandwidth assignment is done based on T-CONT which represents a traffic class as per ITU recommendation. DBA scheme used in this paper is based on CBU to assign bandwidth to ONUs based on the T-CONT supporting QoS as per SLA. In this paper, CATV traffic is used as traffic generator which used for generation of Ethernet frames and results showed expected trend of mean upstream delay for traffic class T2, T3 and T4 as compared to recommended value which is below 1.5ms. These results prove that CBU can also be implemented on real time traffic.

Performance evaluation of comprehensive bandwidth utilizationfor 10-gigabit passive optical network N. A. Ismail; Sevia Mahdaliza Idrus; R. A. Butt; F. Iqbal; A. M. Zin; F. Atan
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 3: September 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Bandwidth allocation during upstream transmission is crucial to determine the efficiency and performance of a XG-PON. For XG-PON, bandwidth assignment is done based on T-CONT which represents a traffic class as per ITU recommendation. DBA scheme used in this paper is based on CBU to assign bandwidth to ONUs based on the T-CONT supporting QoS as per SLA. In this paper, CATV traffic is used as traffic generator which used for generation of Ethernet frames and results showed expected trend of mean upstream delay for traffic class T2, T3 and T4 as compared to recommended value which is below 1.5ms. These results prove that CBU can also be implemented on real time traffic.

Performance evaluation of comprehensive bandwidth utilizationfor 10-gigabit passive optical network N. A. Ismail; Sevia Mahdaliza Idrus; R. A. Butt; F. Iqbal; A. M. Zin; F. Atan
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 3: September 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Bandwidth allocation during upstream transmission is crucial to determine the efficiency and performance of a XG-PON. For XG-PON, bandwidth assignment is done based on T-CONT which represents a traffic class as per ITU recommendation. DBA scheme used in this paper is based on CBU to assign bandwidth to ONUs based on the T-CONT supporting QoS as per SLA. In this paper, CATV traffic is used as traffic generator which used for generation of Ethernet frames and results showed expected trend of mean upstream delay for traffic class T2, T3 and T4 as compared to recommended value which is below 1.5ms. These results prove that CBU can also be implemented on real time traffic.

All optical Millimeter-wave signal generation and transmission for radio over fiber (RoF) link Norliza Mohamed; Sevia Mahdaliza Idrus; Azura Hamzah; Suriani Mohd Sam; Norulhusna Ahmad; Hazilah Md Kaidi; Rudzidatul Akmam Dziyauddin
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 15, No 3: September 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i3.pp1428-1435

Fiber-based wireless system has become a promising solution as a cost- effective communication and it offers high capacity network with millimeter- wave (mm-wave) signal transmission. The system significantly offers superior possible bandwidths for both fiber and free-space applications. Hence, with the increased capacity as well as wireless mobile network applications particularly at mm-wave signal, radio over fiber (RoF) technology is the utmost option. Nevertheless, when high frequency signal transmission is involved, power fading or dispersion effect limits the performance of RoF link. Therefore, this work proposed a RoF system by integrating remote optical local oscillator (LO) with frequency up-conversion at the base station (BS). All optical mm-wave signals are generated and transmitted for the RoF link. The effects of the changes of fiber loop length, optical power of the continuous wave (CW) optical laser carrier and responsivity value of the p-i-n photodiode (PD) mainly at 40 GHz are investigated and the power fading effects are discussed.

A New Ozone Concentration Regulator Michael David; Tay Ching En Marcus; Maslina Yaacob; Mohd Rashidi Salim; Nabihah Hussin; Mohd Haniff Ibrahim; Sevia Mahdaliza Idrus; Nor Hafizah Ngajikin; Asrul Izam Azmi
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 13, No 2: February 2015
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Laboratory design of an ozoneconcentration regulator which is build on the theory of continuity equation forgas flow in parallel pipes in conjunction with the ozone elimination potentialsof an ozone destructor is presented. At an initial oxygen flow rate of 33.33 cm3s-1,ozone concentration was generated andvaried between 429.30 parts per million (ppm) to 3826.60 ppm. Similarly at an initial oxygen flow rate of 25cm3s-1, ozone concentration was generated and varied between 387.30 ppm to4435.20 ppm. Effect of flow meter when the ozone concentration was set toapproximate 1000 ppm were investigatedand reported. Fine tuning of the regulator is necessary to ensureconcentration stability for long duration experimental work. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v13i2.6952

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