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Performa dan Histopatologi Ayam Broiler yang Diinfeksi dengan Salmonella pullorum Setelah Pemberian Imbuhan Pakan Mengandung Tepung Cacing Tanah (Lumbricus rubellus) A Sofyan; H Sulendra; E Damayanti; B Sutrisno; M H Wibowo
Media Peternakan Vol. 33 No. 1 (2010): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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A study was carried out to evaluate the effect of earth worm meal (Lumbricus rubellus) added into feed additive (FA) on performance and histopathology of broilers which were infected with 1 ml/bird containing 3x108 pure culture of Salmonella pullorum orally. Broilers were tested their antibody to S. pullorum by agglutination test before the chickens were infected at 22 days of age. Treatment consisted of control without FA (R0), control with antibiotic (R1), FA contain 25% earth worm meal/EWM (R2), FA contain 50% EWM (R3), FA contain 75% EWM (R4), and FA contain 100% EWM (R5) which were periodically fed to broilers every three days at seventh days before and 10 days after infection. Treatments were arranged on completely randomized design with five treatments and four replications of four broilers each. Broilers given FA had significantly (P < 0.05) increased body weight gain and improved feed conversion ratio. Broiler treated with FA containing 25% EWM (R2) improved feed utilization compared to R1, R3, and control. Histopathology analysis showed that broilers treated with FA could reduce viscera's necrosis, especially in the liver and intestine. Lesions found in broilers which were infected S. pullorum, could be reduced by FA treatment. It is concluded that EWM can be used as feed additive to improve broilers performance. Key words: feed additive, Lumbricus rubellus, Salmonella pullorum, broilers, histopathology

Inhibitory of Encapsulated Earthworm Extract (Lumbricus rubellus) on Pathogenic Bacteria in Vitro L Istiqomah; H Herdian; E Damayanti; S N Hayati; H Julendra
Media Peternakan Vol. 35 No. 1 (2012): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The objective of this study was to determine the inhibitory of earthworm (Lumbricus rubellus) extract (ECT) and encapsulated earthworm extract (ECT-t) as poultry feed additive against some pathogenic bacteria. Earthwom extract was prepared by dekokta method with water at 90 ºC then encapsulated by spray drying with maltodextrin as filler. In vitro antibacterial activity was performed using dilution method against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella pullorum, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The optical density results showed that started from ECT level 0.26% inhibited (PP. aeruginosa and S. aureus, while ECT level 0.52% inhibited (PE. coli and S. pullorum along with the increased levels of concentration. The percentage of growth showed that ECT level 1.04% had inhibitory (PE. coli and P. aeruginosa, while ECT level 0.52% showed antibacterial activity (PS. aureus. The result showed that S. aureus was the most sensitive bacterium to earthworms extract. ECT-t level 0.78% and 1.04% measured by spectrophotometer showed inhibitory (PP. aeruginosa and S. pullorum respectively. While ECT-t level 0.26% measured by spread plate count method showed inhibitory activity against P. aeruginosa. LD50 of E. coli and P. aeruginosa were found at ECT level 1.04%, while LD50 of S. aureus was found at level 0.52%. LD50 of P. aeruginosa was found at ECT-t level 0.52%. There were no antibacterial action (P>0.05) of ECT and ECT-t against S. pullorum.

Performance and Meat Quality of Broilers Infected with Escherichia coli and Administered with Bio Additive, Probiotic, and Antibiotic L Istiqomah; S N Hayati; E Damayanti; H Julendra; A A Sakti; T Untari
Media Peternakan Vol. 36 No. 1 (2013): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

An experiment was conducted to determine the efficacy of bio additive administration (a mixture of Lumbricus rubellus extract, Morinda citrifolia leaves extract and lactic acid bacteria), probiotic, and antibiotic to the performance and meat quality of broiler infected with Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). In this study, 140 Jumbo 747 unsexed one-day old chicks were distributed randomly into 20 units of cages, each filled with 7 broilers. Twenty cages were assigned into 5 treatment groups, each treatment in 4 equal replicates. The treatments were as follows: A= E. coli infection (positive control), B= E. coli infection + bio additive, C= E. coli infection + probiotic, D= E. coli infection + antibiotic, E= No E. coli infection (negative control). A commercial corn-soybean-based broiler diet was formulated as the basal diets. The experimental period was 35 d and at 21st d of age the broilers were infected with E. coli except the E treatment. The result showed that bio additive administration (B) increased the final body weight (1,659.52 g) and body weight gain (1,616.81 g) and resulted in less FCR (1.87) among other treatments. The lowest mortality rate was recorded in B treatment (3.57%) and D treatment (3.57%). Probiotic (C treatment) and antibiotic (D treatment) decreased (P < 0.05) meat pH and tenderness compared to other treatments. Meanwhile bio additive administration did not affect the meat quality (pH, cooking loss, water-holding capacity, tenderness, and fat) compared to positive and negative controls. The lowest meat cholesterol content was observed in B treatment (54.02 mg/100 g). It is concluded that bio additive administration on broiler infected with E. coli increased the broiler performance and decreased the meat cholesterol compared to other treatments.

Performance and Meat Quality of Local Sheep Administered with Feed Additive Containing Probiotic and Organic Mineral Complex H Herdian; A Sofyan; A A Sakti; H Juendra; M F Karimy; A E Suryani; E Damayanti; L Istiqomah
Media Peternakan Vol. 36 No. 3 (2013): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of probiotic and organic mineral complex (POMC) administration on performance and meat quality of local sheep. In this study, 6 sheep with an average initial body weight of 12.67±0.81 kg were arranged in a completely randomized design with 2 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were T0: basal diet (control) and T1: basal diet + POMC. The basal diet consisted of forage and concentrate (60:40) with dry matter of feed intake as much as 5% of body weight. Dose of POMC used in this study was 15 g/d/head. The POMC contained lactic acid bacteria, i.e. Lactobacillus sp. (1x108 cfu/g) and S. cereviseae incorporated with micromineral Co (2 ppm), Cu (100 ppm), Fe (2.5 ppm), I (110 ppm) and Mn (100 ppm). The experimental period lasted for 11 wk (1 wk for adaptation and 10 wk for data collection). Data were analyzed using t-Student statistical test to compare the treatments. The results showed that POMC administration did not affect the body weight gain (BWG) (7.46 kg) compared to control (7.13 kg) while concentrate consumption (26.9 kg) of POMC was lower than the control (28.6 kg). Meanwhile POMC administration did not affect the meat quality (pH, moisture, cooking loss and tenderness), whereas the meat cholesterol was lower (34.25 mg/100g) than the control (38.87 mg/100g). It is concluded that administration of probiotic lactic acid bacteria combined with organic minerals decreases concentrate consumption and thereby potentially increases the animals energy utilization efficiency. In addition, the treatment also decreases the meat cholesterol content of local sheep.

Screening of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Rumen Liquor and King Grass Silage as well as Their Antibacterial Activities A Sofyan; A N Aswari; T Purwoko; E Damayanti
Media Peternakan Vol. 36 No. 3 (2013): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Probiotic is a live microbial culture which has positive effect on animal by improving the natural balance of microflora in the digestive tract. This experiment aimed to screen and identify indigenous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from rumen liquor and king grass (Pennisetum hybrid) silage as a probiotic candidate and to evaluate their resistance in low pH, and inhibitory activities against pathogenic bacteria. The LAB isolate was characterized by a clear zone formed on MRSA medium + CaCO3 0.2% (w/v) and further identified by morphological and biochemical assays. The selected isolates were evaluated for their viability in low pH, pathogenic bacterial inhibition, and lactic acid production. The experimental arrangement was a factorial block design (4 x 2) consisted of four isolates and two levels of pH value (pH 2 and 3), each treatment in 3 equal replicates. The result showed that four isolates (two isolates from the rumen liquor of fistulated cattle and two isolates from silage) were identified as lactic acid bacteria. The four isolates showed inhibition activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and performed viability at low pH during 2 h treatment. The highest lactic acid production was obtained from isolates Sil.3 (21.42%) and followed by CR2 (19.88%), CR1 (15.40%) and Sil.9 (15.08%). Biochemical identification by standard of analytical profile index (API) 50 CHL kit showed that the selected isolates CR1 was Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei 3 (91.5%), L. paracasei ssp. paracasei 3 (76.5%), Sil.3 was Lactobacillus brevis (95.1%), and Sil.9 was Lactobacillus collinoides (92.5%). In conclusion, probiotic candidates isolated from rumen liquor are confirmed as L. paracasei ssp. paracasei (CR1 and CR2), while two other isolates from king grass silage are identified as L. brevis (Sil.3) and L. collinoides (Sil.9). L. brevis (Sil.3) and L. paracasei ssp. paracasei (CR1) has higher inhibition against pathogenic bacteria (E. coli, S. aureus, and B. subtilis) than L. paracasei ssp. paracasei (CR2) and L. collinoides (Sil.9).

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