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Performa Ayam Broiler yang Diberi Metabolit Aceto-Sacch dalam Air Minum N Ramli; A Sofyan; E Anggraini
Media Peternakan Vol. 30 No. 1 (2007): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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This research was conducted to study the effect of addition of Aceto-Sacch metabolite (m-AS) product into drinking water on performance, percentage of intestine and caeca of broilers. One hundred and fifty birds of day old chicks (DOC) of 'Hubbard' strain were divided into 5 groups of treatments. The treatments were R0 (control diet + drinking water without Aceto-Sacch metabolite / 0% m-AS), R1 (R0 + 12.5% m-AS), R2 (R0 + 25% m-AS), R3 (R0 + 50% m-AS), Rk (commercial diet + 0% m-AS). Chicken were given diet and drinking water ad libitum. Feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion were measured weekly. Throughout four weeks feeding trial, two animals from each group were taken and decapitated for measuring percentage of intestine and caeca. Data from completely randomized design were analyzed statistically by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and contrast orthogonal. Results showed that drinking water containing more than 25% m-AS (R2 and R3) reduced body weight, feed intake and increased percentage of small intestine and caeca. However, m-AS addition at 12.5% improved feed conversion ratio and slightly increased body weight gain. Addition of 9.0 % m-AS in total drinking water was the optimum level increasing performance of broiler. It is concluded that addition of 12.5 % m-AS product into drinking water could slightly increased body weight gain and improve feed efficiency of broiler chicken.Key words: broiler performance, drinking water, aceto-sacch

Uji in Vitro Penghambatan Aktivitas Escherichia coli dengan Tepung Cacing Tanah (Lumbricus rubellus) H Julendra; A Sofyan
Media Peternakan Vol. 30 No. 1 (2007): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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This research was conducted to study the inhibition growth of E. coli by using earthworm (Lumbricus rubellus) meal. The earthworm meal was used in various concentrations, i.e. 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg of earthworm meal in 100 ml DMSO for 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% (w/v) as treatments respectively. Data were analyzed by ANOVA in Randomized Complete Block Design. Duncan's multiple range test and polynomials orthogonal were used. Inhibition effects were measured through agar well diffusion test. Results showed that earthworm meal contain antibacterial compound which inhibit E. coli activity. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between earthworm meal treatments and control. The best antimicrobial effect was found in treatment of 50% (w/v) of earthworm meal and significantly higher than those of 25, 75 and 100% (w/v), but 25% (w/v) was not different (P > 0.05) with 75% (w/v). It is concluded that earthworm meal is capable to inhibit E. coli in-vitro at the optimum level of 50% (w/v). Key words: earthworm meal, E. coli, in-vitro, agar well diffusion

Penentuan Aktivitas Biologis Tanin Beberapa Hijauan secara in Vitro Menggunakan ’Hohenheim Gas Test’ dengan Polietilen Glikol Sebagai Determinan A Jayanegara; A Sofyan
Media Peternakan Vol. 31 No. 1 (2008): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Leaves from trees are alternative source of forage for ruminant's feed. However, most of the leaves contain high concentration of phenolic compounds, especially in the form of tannins. This experiment was aimed at quantifying biological activity of tannins using in vitro gas production method without and with the addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG). The leaves used in this experiment was Salix alba, Rhus typhina and Peltiphyllum peltatum. Several rumen fermentation variables, such as organic matter digestibility (OMD), metabolizable energy (ME) and total VFA production were measured. The results showed that crude protein, NDF and hemicellulose contents of S. alba leaves were the highest, while there was no difference in ADF content from the others. Biological activity of tannins in S. alba, R. Typhina and P. Peltatum were 0.7%, 45.7% and 122.6%, respectively. There was a significant correlation between total phenols and tannins biological activity (r=0.70; P < 0.05), whereas no significant correlation was found for total tannins and condensed tannins. It was concluded that the addition of PEG increased in vitro gas production, organic matter digestibility, metabolizable energy and total VFA production after 24 hours incubation period. Key words: tannins, PEG, in vitro, fermentation, Hohenheim gas test

Kinetika Produksi Gas, Kecernaan Bahan Organik dan Produksi Gas Metana in Vitro pada Hay dan Jerami yang Disuplementasi Hijauan Mengandung Tanin A Jayanegara; A Sofyan; H.P S Makkar; K Becker
Media Peternakan Vol. 32 No. 2 (2009): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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This research was aimed to evaluate supplementation of tannin-containing forages, namely Rhus typhina and Salix alba into hay and straw diets on rumen fermentation parameters in vitro, especially on methane production. Supplementation was applied at 30% dry matter replacement from hay and straw diets. Treatments consisted of: H (hay), J (straw), RT (R. typhina), SA (S. alba), H:RT (hay:R. typhina, 70:30), H:SA (hay:S. alba, 70:30), J:RT (straw:R. typhina, 70:30), and J:SA (straw:S. alba, 70:30). Incubation was applied using Hohenheim gas production method for 24 hours. Variables measured after incubation were cumulative and kinetics of gas production, methane emission and organic matter digestibility. The results showed that supplementation of R. typhina and S. alba decreased (P < 0.05) percentage of methane production by 11.2% and 4.3% when added to hay, respectively; while it decreased (P < 0,05) percentage methane production by 15.8% and 6.1% when added to straw, respectively. Additionally, supplementation of these tannin-containing forages significantly increased (P < 0.05) organic matter digestibility of hay and straw. It was concluded that supplementation of tannin-containing forages could strategically be used to decrease methane emission from rumen fermentation in vitro, and at the same time increase the quality of basal diets. Key words: gas production, digestibility, tannin, methane, forage

Performa dan Histopatologi Ayam Broiler yang Diinfeksi dengan Salmonella pullorum Setelah Pemberian Imbuhan Pakan Mengandung Tepung Cacing Tanah (Lumbricus rubellus) A Sofyan; H Sulendra; E Damayanti; B Sutrisno; M H Wibowo
Media Peternakan Vol. 33 No. 1 (2010): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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A study was carried out to evaluate the effect of earth worm meal (Lumbricus rubellus) added into feed additive (FA) on performance and histopathology of broilers which were infected with 1 ml/bird containing 3x108 pure culture of Salmonella pullorum orally. Broilers were tested their antibody to S. pullorum by agglutination test before the chickens were infected at 22 days of age. Treatment consisted of control without FA (R0), control with antibiotic (R1), FA contain 25% earth worm meal/EWM (R2), FA contain 50% EWM (R3), FA contain 75% EWM (R4), and FA contain 100% EWM (R5) which were periodically fed to broilers every three days at seventh days before and 10 days after infection. Treatments were arranged on completely randomized design with five treatments and four replications of four broilers each. Broilers given FA had significantly (P < 0.05) increased body weight gain and improved feed conversion ratio. Broiler treated with FA containing 25% EWM (R2) improved feed utilization compared to R1, R3, and control. Histopathology analysis showed that broilers treated with FA could reduce viscera's necrosis, especially in the liver and intestine. Lesions found in broilers which were infected S. pullorum, could be reduced by FA treatment. It is concluded that EWM can be used as feed additive to improve broilers performance. Key words: feed additive, Lumbricus rubellus, Salmonella pullorum, broilers, histopathology

Performance Enhancement and Immunity Profile of Broiler Treated Feed Additive Containing Lactic Acid Bacteria and Ganoderma lucidum A Sofyan; M Angwar; H Herdian; L Istiqomah; A Febrisiantosa; H Julendra; M H Wibowo; T Untari
Media Peternakan Vol. 35 No. 3 (2012): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of feed additive containing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and Ganoderma lucidum (GL) on body weight gain (BWG), feed efficiency (FE), performance index (PI), antibody titer (AT) against Newcastle disease and histopathology of broilers. Bacteria used were Lactobacillus salivarius and Pediococcus pentosaceus, which were isolated from broiler's intestine. A number of 195 unsexed day old chicks (Cobb strain) were arranged in a completely randomized design and consisted of 5 treatments, each in 3 equal replicates. The treatments were as followed T0: control/without-feed additive, T1: 1% LAB (109 cfu g-1), T2: 1% GL, T3: 1% of LAB 109 cfu g-1 + GL (1:1), T4: commercial antibiotic. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and conti-nued to Duncan's multiple range test. The results showed that T2, T3, T4 treatments significantly improved (P < 0.05) BWG, FE and PI of broilers. Broilers fed T3 had the highest PI, followed by T4, T1, T2 and T0. Broilers fed T3 had the highest AT value followed by T0, T2, T4, and T1. Histopathology profile showed that broiler fed T3 had no lesion on liver and intestine compared to others. The result of this experiment indicated that additive containing 0.25% L. salivarius, 0.25% P. pentosaceus, and 0.5% G. lucidum was able to enhance broiler performance.

Performance and Meat Quality of Local Sheep Administered with Feed Additive Containing Probiotic and Organic Mineral Complex H Herdian; A Sofyan; A A Sakti; H Juendra; M F Karimy; A E Suryani; E Damayanti; L Istiqomah
Media Peternakan Vol. 36 No. 3 (2013): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of probiotic and organic mineral complex (POMC) administration on performance and meat quality of local sheep. In this study, 6 sheep with an average initial body weight of 12.67±0.81 kg were arranged in a completely randomized design with 2 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were T0: basal diet (control) and T1: basal diet + POMC. The basal diet consisted of forage and concentrate (60:40) with dry matter of feed intake as much as 5% of body weight. Dose of POMC used in this study was 15 g/d/head. The POMC contained lactic acid bacteria, i.e. Lactobacillus sp. (1x108 cfu/g) and S. cereviseae incorporated with micromineral Co (2 ppm), Cu (100 ppm), Fe (2.5 ppm), I (110 ppm) and Mn (100 ppm). The experimental period lasted for 11 wk (1 wk for adaptation and 10 wk for data collection). Data were analyzed using t-Student statistical test to compare the treatments. The results showed that POMC administration did not affect the body weight gain (BWG) (7.46 kg) compared to control (7.13 kg) while concentrate consumption (26.9 kg) of POMC was lower than the control (28.6 kg). Meanwhile POMC administration did not affect the meat quality (pH, moisture, cooking loss and tenderness), whereas the meat cholesterol was lower (34.25 mg/100g) than the control (38.87 mg/100g). It is concluded that administration of probiotic lactic acid bacteria combined with organic minerals decreases concentrate consumption and thereby potentially increases the animals energy utilization efficiency. In addition, the treatment also decreases the meat cholesterol content of local sheep.

Screening of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Rumen Liquor and King Grass Silage as well as Their Antibacterial Activities A Sofyan; A N Aswari; T Purwoko; E Damayanti
Media Peternakan Vol. 36 No. 3 (2013): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Probiotic is a live microbial culture which has positive effect on animal by improving the natural balance of microflora in the digestive tract. This experiment aimed to screen and identify indigenous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from rumen liquor and king grass (Pennisetum hybrid) silage as a probiotic candidate and to evaluate their resistance in low pH, and inhibitory activities against pathogenic bacteria. The LAB isolate was characterized by a clear zone formed on MRSA medium + CaCO3 0.2% (w/v) and further identified by morphological and biochemical assays. The selected isolates were evaluated for their viability in low pH, pathogenic bacterial inhibition, and lactic acid production. The experimental arrangement was a factorial block design (4 x 2) consisted of four isolates and two levels of pH value (pH 2 and 3), each treatment in 3 equal replicates. The result showed that four isolates (two isolates from the rumen liquor of fistulated cattle and two isolates from silage) were identified as lactic acid bacteria. The four isolates showed inhibition activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and performed viability at low pH during 2 h treatment. The highest lactic acid production was obtained from isolates Sil.3 (21.42%) and followed by CR2 (19.88%), CR1 (15.40%) and Sil.9 (15.08%). Biochemical identification by standard of analytical profile index (API) 50 CHL kit showed that the selected isolates CR1 was Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei 3 (91.5%), L. paracasei ssp. paracasei 3 (76.5%), Sil.3 was Lactobacillus brevis (95.1%), and Sil.9 was Lactobacillus collinoides (92.5%). In conclusion, probiotic candidates isolated from rumen liquor are confirmed as L. paracasei ssp. paracasei (CR1 and CR2), while two other isolates from king grass silage are identified as L. brevis (Sil.3) and L. collinoides (Sil.9). L. brevis (Sil.3) and L. paracasei ssp. paracasei (CR1) has higher inhibition against pathogenic bacteria (E. coli, S. aureus, and B. subtilis) than L. paracasei ssp. paracasei (CR2) and L. collinoides (Sil.9).

Bile Salt and Acid Tolerant of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Proventriculus of Broiler Chicken E Damayanti; H Julendra; A Sofyan; SN Hayati
Media Peternakan Vol. 37 No. 2 (2014): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The aim of this research was to obtain the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as probiotic candidates which have resistance to bile salt and acid condition. LAB was obtained using isolation method from proventriculus of broiler chicken. Selective MRS media with 0.2% CaCO3 addition were used for LAB isolation using pour plate sampling method under anaerobic condition. The result showed that four selected isolates had morphological and biochemical characteristics as LAB. The selected LAB was characterized as follow: antibacterial activities, antibiotic sensitivity, resistance on bile salt, gastric juice and acid condition, and biochemical identification. Antibacterial activities assay of cell free supernatant was confirmed using disc paper diffusion method which was arranged on factorial design and each treatment consisted of three replications. The cell free supernatant of LAB isolates had antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aerugenosa, and Salmonella pullorum. Molecular identification procedure using 16S rRNA sequence analysis showed that R01 and R02 as Pediococcus acidilactici. The viability of the two isolates were tested by acid pH (pH 1, 2, and 3), gastric juice pH 2, and bile salt condition for digestives tract simulation. The result showed that R01 and R02 had a high viability percentages at pH 1, 2, and 3 (95.45%, 99.49%, 104.01%, and 67.17%, 120.74%, 103.4%, respectively) and at bile salt simulation for 1-2 hours (100.35%-102.71% and 100.02%-102.65%, respectively), but at gastric juice simulation for 1-2 hours, the P. acidilactici R01 had higher viability than P. acidilactici R02 (59.69%-76.53% versus 43.57%-40.69%, respectively). In the antibiotic sensitivity test for three antibiotics (i.e. erythromicin 15 µg, penicillin G 10 µg, and streptomycin 10 µg), the P. acidilactici R02 showed resistance to Streptomycin and Penicillin. It is concluded that P. acidilactici R01 and P. acidilactici R02 isolated from proventriculus of broiler chicken potential as probiotic candidates for chicken.

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