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Penggunaan Formula Mineral Lokal dalam Ransum Ayam Petelur Khalil Khalil
Media Peternakan Vol. 33 No. 2 (2010): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

A mineral formula composed of three locally available materials: limestone originated from Bukit Kamang of West Sumatra, freshwater oyster shell and bone meal and fortified with micro minerals of Cu, Zn and I was investigated as mineral supplement for diet of laying hens. The experimental diets were: P0 (diet contained of 6% commercial mineral), P1 (diet contained of 6% local mineral), P2 (diet contained of 6% Bukit Kamangs' limestone) and P3 (diet contained of 6% fresh water oyster shell meal). The total of four experimental diets was then fed to 120 laying hens. The hens were divided into 3 groups based on body weight: heavy, medium and light. Each group was subdivided into 4 subgroups in accordance with number of treatments, so that each treatment consisted of 3 replicates containing of 10 hens. Parameters measured included: feed intake, hen-day egg production, feed conversion ratio (FCR), eggshell quality, mineral retention and mineral composition of tibia bone. Data were subjected to statistical analysis using variance analysis in a completely block design with 4 treatments and 3 blocks as replicates The results showed that the egg weight and eggshell qualities were found not significantly difference, but different mineral sources gave significant effect on egg production and bone mineralization. The laying performances and tibia bone weight of chickens fed diet mixed with the local mineral formula were found not significantly different with those fed diet mixed with commercial formula, but significantly better (P < 0.05) than those of fed diet mixed with only limestone or oyster shell. Hens fed with diet mixed with Bukit Kamangs' limestone showed better performances and heavier tibia bone than those fed with diet mixed with oyster shell. It was concluded that the local mineral formula could be used as sole mineral source for laying hens. The nutritive value of Bukit Kamangs' limestone was better than that of fresh water oyster shell.

Performan Ternak Entog Di Pedesaan Kecamatan Linggo Sari Baganti Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan Sumatera Barat Khalil Khalil; P.S. Yuspa
Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Animal Science) Vol 11, No 3 (2006): Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

The field suwey was carried out to identify the most critical factors that influence the performances of muscovy duck raised extensively under village condition in sub district Linggo Sari Baganti, Pesisir Selatan, West Sumatra. Thirty-three muscovy duck farmers, which were distributed in 4 villages in the sub district, were selected and intewiewed. Information collected included: flock size, egg production, egg hatchability, mortality, daily management practices, feed and feeding and health control. The average number of muscovy ducks raised was 11 ducks/farmer. The ducks laid egg 2-3 times per year with the average number of 12 eggs/duck/laying period. The hatchability of egg was about 84%, but the mortality of young duck during starter period was found very high, i.e. 42 %. Although about 67 % gave supplemented feed for their ducks, most of the feed consumed by the ducks were originated from scavenging. Most of farmers (70 %) did not take care young ducks. The ducklings were let to scavenge with their mother for about 12 weeks of old. Such feeding and management practices might be the major causing factors for the low egg production and high mortality of young duck.

Penanganan Pascapanen dan Kualitas Jagung sebagai Bahan Pakan di Kabupaten Pasaman Barat Khalil Khalil; S. Anwar
Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Animal Science) Vol 11, No 1 (2006): Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

A rapid survey was carried out to study the quality of corn produced by farmers in relation to post harvest practices in West Pasaman district. Twenty-six corn farmers, which were located in two sub districts of Kinali and Luhak Nan Duo, were selected and interviewed. Data and information collected including: farm size, farming and post harvest practices, quality of product and marketing. During the survey, samples of corn were collected and then analyzed for moisture, protein and crude fiber content, the rate of corn contaminated by fungi and contaminants. The corn contained crude protein and fiber in normal level of 11.8 % and 2,5 %, respectively. The moisture content was however found relatively high of 21.3 % in average and about 34 % of corn contaminated by fungi. Mainly insufficient handling and drying after harvesting caused the poor quality.

Peningkatan Nilai Nutrisi Cangkang Siput Sebagai Sumber Mineral Pada Ransum Ayam Buras Periode Grower Khalil Khalil
Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Animal Science) Vol 12, No 1 (2007): Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

The objectives of the present investigation were to evaluate the effect of using shell of fresh water snails in 3 different processing forms (raw coarse ground, raw and roasted finely ground) as the major source of calcium in the diets on the performance of growing native chickens (12-24 weeks of age). Four dietary treatments were a control diet containing 2 % of oyster shell meal and three others consisted of 2 % of freshwater snail shell in the form raw coarse ground, raw and roasted fine ground. The diets were offered to forty growing native chicks, which were randomly divided into four groups, each amounting of 10 chickens as replication. Parameters measured included: body weight gain, feed intake, FCR, carcass weight and net return. The results showed that roasting of shell of freshwater snail prior to incorporate in the rations could significantly improve the body weigh gain, feed intake and FCR However, the net return was negative mainly due to high feed cost. Chickens fed on diet containing raw coarse grounded shell was found the highest net return.

Potensi Buah Nipah Tua (Nypa Fruticans Wurmb) Sebagai Bahan Pakan Ternak Khalil Khalil; T. Hidayat
Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Animal Science) Vol 11, No 2 (2006): Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

A field survey has been conducted to study the potency of fruit of palm grown in West Sumatra for animal feedstuff. Three coastal areas which were identified as most populated palm plant in West Sumatra were selected as study sites, i.e., Padang city and the districts of Padang Pariaman and Pesisir Selatan. Five clusters of palm were randomly selected in each selected site and then bunches of their fruit were identified. The bunches were divided into 4 groups based on maturity status: very young, young, mature and old fruit bunches. The old fruits were then harvested, weighed and processed to separate their endosperm part. After weighing, the endosperm were then dried and ground for chemical analysis. Parameters measured included: number of bunch, old fruit and their endosperm weigh, nutrient content of endosperm. The data were statistically analysis for variance analysis in completely block design with 3 treatments and 3 blocks as replicates. Results shown that the highest number of bunches was found by the old fruit (6.7 bunches/cluster), followed by the very young fruits (2.7), mature fruit (1.7) and young fruit (1.5). About 22 % of old fruit consisted of endosperm part. The endosperm contains about 16 % crude protein, very low crude fat of 0.6 %, but considerably high crude fiber of about 50.5 %.

PERBAIKAN TEKNOLOGI PAKAN UNTUK MENJAGA KEUTUHAN DAN KINERJA KELOMPOK TANI PENERIMA BANTUAN TERNAK SAPI DI KABUPATEN TANAH DATAR DAN KOTA PAYAKUMBUH Khalil Khalil; Reswati Reswati; Ferawati Ferawati
Jurnal Pengabdian Warta Andalas Vol 24 No 4 (2017): Warta Pengabdian Andalas
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (LPPM) Universitas Andalas

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Pemerintah daerah Sumatera Barat memberikan bantuan ternak sapi bibit melalui program Satu Petani Satu Sapi dalam upaya meningkatkan populasi ternak dan pendapatan petani. Petani penerima bantuan disyaratkan telah memiliki pengalaman beternak sapi dan bergabung dalam bentuk kelompok tani untuk memudahkan pembinaan. Animo petani untuk mendapatkan bantuan sapi ini cukup tinggi, tetapi setelah bantuan diterima mereka menghadapi kendala, terutama dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan pakan dan pengelolaan reproduksi. Akibatnya, ternak bantuan sering menjadi beban bagi petani, semangat anggota menjadi menurun sehingga jumlah anggota kelompok yang aktif semakin berkurang, sebagaimana yang terjadi pada dua kelompok tani yang berlokasi di dua kabupaten berbeda di Sumatera Barat, yaitu Kelompok Tani Bungo Lapai di Kabupaten Tanah Datar dan Kelompok Tani Tapian Agam di kota Payakumbuh. Untuk mengatasi agar program bantuan pemerintah ini tidak mengalami kegagalan, maka melalui program IbM akan dilakukan pembinaan kelompok melalui kegiatan penyuluhan, pelatihan, perbaikan teknologi penyediaan dan pemberian pakan. Program penyuluhan dapat memberikan bimbingan untuk meningkatkan motivasi anggota untuk menjaga kekompakan kelompok dan mengelola usaha sesuai ketentuan yang telah ditetapkan. Anggota kelompok juga telah diberi pelatihan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam pemeliharaan sapi dalam jumlah yang lebih besar dan pengelolaan reproduksi serta sistim pemberian pakan. Selanjutnya kelompok dibekali dengan gudang penyimpan hijauan, peralatan mesin pemotong dan pencacah rumput serta keterampilan untuk memanfaatkan semaksimal mungkin beragam jenis tanaman yang tumbuh liar di sekitar lokasi kelompok untuk dijadikan pakan, sehingga kebutuhan pakan hijauan untuk ternak dapat terpenuhi secara optimal dan anggota tidak banyak kehilangan waktu dan tenaga. Anggota kelompok juga telah dibimbing untuk mengawetkan hijauan dalam bentuk silase dan membuat pakan suplemen dengan menggunakan bahan lokal yang murah dan mudah diperoleh guna meningkatkan nilai nutrisi pakan hijauan yang dihasilkan. Hasil yang telah dicapai dari kegiatan ini antara lain : jasa penyuluhan dan pelatihan, dengan 3 modul : tata kelola usaha peternakan sapi yang baik (good farming practices), pembuatan pakan mineral supmelen dalam bentuk balok jilat dan pengawetan pakan hijauan dalam bentuk silase. Perbaikan teknologi penyediaan pakan hijauan : 1) Pengawetan pakan dalam bentuk silase, yaitu penggunaan pakan suplemen untuk meningkatkan nilai nutrisi hijauan: 2) Pembuatan pakan mineral dalam bentuk balok jilat dengan 3 formula berbeda. Publikasi pada jurnal nasional masih berupa draf sambil melengkapi data agar layak ditulis sebagai karya ilmiah.

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