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All Journal Economics and Finance in Indonesia Proceeding of International Conference on Science, Education, and Technology Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia Journal of Law and Legal Reform Paramita: Historical Studies Journal
Brodjonegoro, Bambang P. S.
Universitas Indonesia
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Dampak Desentralisasi Fiskal terhadap Perekonomian Antar Daerah: Analisa Model IRIO Nurkholis, Nurkholis; Brodjonegoro, Bambang P. S.
Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia Vol. 3, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Regional autonomy program is the fonn of fiscal decentralization policy in Indonesia, legally started with the Jaw of Regional Government No.2211999 about de-concentration azas, which imply power or authority sharing and No.25/1999 about decentralization, which imply financial sharing between central and regional government. Financial sharing is tax and natural resources sharing revenue. This financial sharing type can widen fiscal gap between regions. As the solution, the central government gives block grants. Interregional Input-Output (IRIO) model can be used to analyze the impact of fiscal decentralization policy on sectoral and regional linkages, multipliers, growth, equalization, and efficiency of the regional economy. The analysis use shock variables of inter-governmental transfer including tax sharing revenue, natural resources revenue and block grants. They are treated as an exogenous variable package by regional government expenditure. The expenditures are in the form of investment and consumption based on IRIO model to analyze the optimality of policy variation. The analysis shows that the optimality of growth, equalization, and economic efficiency will be reached if the allocation of inter-governmental transfer is exactly the same as the potency and linkages between sectors and regions. We find the current formulation of intergovernmental transfer by central government, potent to increase regional disparity. Central government should refonnulate division of inter-governmental transfer to avoid fiscal decentralization to be contra productive policy
Simulasi Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja dengan Pendekatan Demometrik Esti R, Hedwigis; Brodjonegoro, Bambang P. S.
Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia Vol. 3, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Labor absorption hardly depends on the economic capacity and in the absence of market imperfection, the labor will be allocated efficiently among sectors. However, the assumption is hardly found in reality, and this give us a space to identify the explanatory variable of labor absorption. This research analyzes the sectoral labor absorption based on J. Ladent model that internalize the demographic variable together with economic variable. We apply this model to analyze the sectoral labor absorption in Cental Java using annual basis data from 1978-1999, and simulate the sectoral labor absorption under three different scenarios; quo, optimist and pessimist scenario. The result shows labor absorption is highly correlated to labor quality, economic capacity and investment. Based on simulation, we find that any shock on demographic or economic variable yield unequal impact on labor absorption across sector. We find strong causality between GDP and national unemployment, and labor absorption. We also conform the lack of foreign capital investment as the main source of in-optimal leading sector development.
Fiscal Resilience and Defense Financing Innovation for Sustainable National Security Post Ukraine–Russia War Aris Marsudiyanto; Athor Subroto; Bambang Permadi Soemantri Brodjonegoro; A. Hanief Saha Ghafur
Proceedings of International Conference on Science, Education, and Technology Vol. 11 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Abstract

Global geopolitical escalation following the Ukraine–Russia conflict intensifies fiscal and security pressures across many regions, including Indonesia. Long-horizon macroeconomic evaluation demonstrates persistent structural limitations marked by slow revenue elasticity, recurring deficits, exchange-rate exposure, and rising debt-service commitments, all of which reduce flexibility for long-term defense modernization. Geopolitical disturbances amplify those constraints through elevated global military expenditure, higher procurement costs, and expanding cyber, maritime, and hybrid threats within the Indo-Pacific region. Sectoral vulnerabilities further weaken strategic readiness, particularly due to import dependency, limited domestic industrial capability, and increasing operational expenditure. Institutional rigidity also limits adoption of innovative financing mechanisms capable of supporting multi-source and multi-year commitments. Integrated analysis indicates the need for diversified financing pathways that reduce exposure to external shocks and enhance the predictability of defense investment. Potential strategies include defense-industry reinvestment, public-asset monetization, public–private partnerships, and hybrid financing frameworks aligned with long-term capability requirements. Sustainable security therefore depends on structural fiscal reform, institutional modernization, and coordinated integration of fiscal, security, and industrial policy to strengthen Indonesia’s strategic resilience in an increasingly volatile geopolitical landscape.
Defense Budget Gaps and Legal Implications of Alternative Financing in Indonesia: A Legal Reform Perspective Aris Marsudiyanto; Athor Subroto; Bambang Permadi Soemantri Brodjonegoro; A. Hanief Saha Ghafur
Journal of Law and Legal Reform Vol. 5 No. 4 (2024): Contemporary Issues on Law Reform in Indonesia and Global Context
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jllr.v5i4.18076

Abstract

This paper examines the critical defense budget gap in Indonesia, which has become a pressing issue over the past decade. With global challenges, particularly the escalating wars in the Middle East, Indonesia faces growing security concerns that necessitate a stronger defense program. However, the country’s defense budget allocation, ranging from 0.5 to 0.9 percent of GDP, remains insufficient to meet the required defense expenditures. Using the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) approach, we predict future budget availability and compare it with the projected defense needs, revealing a significant gap. To address this, the paper explores alternative financing mechanisms, such as optimizing military assets, enhancing the defense industry, leveraging Public-Private Partnerships (PPP), and integrating these strategies. The urgency of addressing this funding shortfall is heightened by Indonesia’s need for robust defense capabilities in an increasingly unstable geopolitical environment. This study’s novelty lies in analyzing the legal implications of these alternative financing options, an area that has received limited attention in defense policy discourse. It critically examines the legal challenges posed by these financing mechanisms, particularly in relation to Indonesia’s existing laws, including Law No. 17 of 2003 on State Finances, Law No. 3 of 2002 on National Defense, and various regulations governing defense industry and national security. The paper’s contribution lies in offering a comprehensive legal analysis of alternative financing in Indonesia’s defense sector, proposing necessary legal reforms to facilitate these strategies. By providing policy recommendations, this study aims to inform lawmakers, defense planners, and legal scholars about the complexities and potential solutions to closing Indonesia’s defense budget gap while ensuring compliance with national legal frameworks.
Co-Authors A.M. Alfian Parewangi ANTON HENDRANATA Aris Marsudiyanto Aris Marsudiyanto Aris Marsudiyanto BONAR M. SINAGA Esti R, Hedwigis Falianty, Telissa Ghafur, Hanief Saha Gitaharie, Beta Y. Haddad, Eduardo Harry B., Sonny Hedwigis Esti, Hedwigis Hewings, Geoffrey J. D. Imam Mulatip Muhammad Syareza Lumban Tobing Nurkholis Nurkholis Parewangi, A. M. Alfian Satria Utama, Satria Satria Utarna Simorangkir, Iskandar Sonny Harry B. Harmadi Subroto, Athor Teguh Dartanto Tobing, M. Syareza L.