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Preliminary Carbon Untilization And Storage Screening Of Oil Fields In South Sumatra Basin Sugihardjo Sugihardjo; Usman Usman; Edward ML Tobing
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 35 No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.35.2.778

Abstract

Carbon utilization in oil fi elds as EOR project has becomes main issue nowdays. Therefore preliminary CO2-EOR screening has been done for the oil fi elds laid on South Sumatra Basin, where CO2 emission arise from a number different sources of activities in South Sumatra area. Around 103 oil fi elds and consisting 581 reservoirs have been analysis to select which of those fi elds fulfi ll CO2 injection criteria. The criteria applied of the selection are based on EOR Screening Criteria Revisited papers introducing by J.J Taber at. All. 1977. The results of the screening are categorized as miscible, immiscible and failed for CO2 injection. Afterward, CO2 storage and incremental oil recovery due to CO2 injection were calculated using equation normally used in the oil industries. The incremental oil recovery due to CO2-EOR has been assumed as high as 12% of OOIP at miscible process and only 5% for immiscible displacement. The calculation of CO2 storage is based on the ultimate primary recovery for each fi eld in addition of the additional recovery due to CO2-EOR. Both primary and tertiary recovery have been used as the basic of calculating the CO2 storage. The results of the screening whether reservoir categories in immiscible, miscible injection and failed to fulfi ll EOR-CO2 injection criteria can be summarized as follow: 18 fi elds immiscible, 77 miscible, and 7 failed. Total incremental oil recovery estimate from CO2-EOR is approximately 480.5 MMSTB. While the total CO2 storages estimate are about 70 MMton for voidage replacement due to production at ultimate recovery and 22 MMton at EOR-recovery, so the total CO2 storage is approximately 92 MMton.
Polymer Properties Determination For Designing Chemical Flooding Sugihardjo Sugihardjo
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 34 No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.34.2.799

Abstract

Waterflooding became the standard practice in many reservoirs formation in petroleum industries, the strengths and weaknesses of the methods were quite well established. In particular, the inefficiency of the waterflood oil displacement mechanism as a result of either an unfavorable mobility ratio or heterogeneity was largely identified. Therefore, chemicals injections as the improvement displacement processes had been proposed to support petroleum industries to recover the production of oil. Chemical injection normally consists of alkaline, surfactant, and polymer (ASP). They could be injected as standalone fluid or mixture of fluids; it depends upon the injection fluid design appropriate for particular field. Polymer solution could be prepared for mixtures of injection fluid and or as chase fluid injection which is injected behind surfactant or ASP. The main function of polymer solution primarily is to viscosity the injection water as a mobility control. This work is proposed to determine the important polymer properties which are suitable for mobility control in such EOR plan in the particular field. This field is sandstone reservoir with oil gravity of 23 to 26oAPI and viscosity of 3cp at 90oC. Two kinds of polymers have been chosen such as: HPAM-1 and HPAM-2 and subject to be tested for the properties characteristic. Intensive works have been done to evaluate the bulk polymer properties at laboratory scale which include rheology, filtration, thermal stability, retention/adsorption, and injectivity or permeability reduction tests. The results indicated that HPAM-1 polymer is suitable for injection fluid design for Zone-B while HPAM-2 for Zone-A.
Tracer Tests For Heterogeneity Characterization And Saturation Determination On Core Flooding Sugihardjo Sugihardjo; Usman Usman; Utomo Pratama I
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 33 No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.33.3.821

Abstract

Low sweep efficiency is the common problem in displacement process due to heterogeneity, high permeability streaks, fractures, and thief zones existing in the formation. Similarly, the success or failure of EOR implementations are always affected by those problems which causes displacing fluids fingering and early breakthrough. Factors of this type, unless properly identified and understood before the start of EOR process, will likely cause a project failure. Core flooding as the model of small scale of fluids movements in reservoir undergoes similar circumstances. Approximately one foot long of four 3.5 inches stacked native and synthetic cores are normally used in core flooding experiment. Tracer test was performed to characterize the core in addition of CT scan analysis. On this experiment, lithium solution was selected as tracer solution to be then injected into core at constant rate, 4 ft/day. Afterwards, the effluents were collected by Gilson sample collector in each tube for further determinination its concentration using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). Response curves of lithium tracer were able to determine core heterogeneities and this should be done to avoid misleading interpretation of core flooding results. Besides, lithium concentration reported in some extent and subsequently analyzed by employing method of temporal moments. This method provides numerical calculation to estimate effective core pore volume (PV) and fluid saturation. Weighing method was also used to compare the PV with aforementioned method and the results were comparable.
Capillary Desaturation Curves For Evaluating Surfactant Performance By Core Flooding Experiments Sugihardjo Sugihardjo
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 32 No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.32.1.828

Abstract

Capillary desaturation curves are normally generated in laboratory scale by means of core flooding experiments to evaluate the surfactant formulations for chemical injection in EOR projects. Low tension surfactant solution is the only liquid that could increase the dimensionless capillary number in order of magnitude of 103. Two types of core samples have been used in core flooding experiments to develop capillary desaturation curves, i.e., generic and standard Classhach core samples. In Addition, VS surfactant and additional alcohols are also used in these experiments. The higher the capillary number could generate a lower the residual oil saturation. Moreover, each rock may have a particular capillary desaturation curve depending on the rock properties. Therefore before implementing chemical injection in a pilot scale, capillary desaturation curve should be developed in laboratory to evaluate the surfactant injection performance.
Surfactant-Induced Wettability Alteration Sugihardjo Sugihardjo
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 32 No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.32.1.834

Abstract

Contact of surfactant solution onto rock surface has an important impact on the wettability alteration of the rock. This phenomenon has widely received attention of researchers on the field of EOR (enhanced oil recovery), at which surfactant solution basically has been used as the main injection fluid. However, there has not yet come up with conclusive findings, which is due to the unique characteristics of surfactant used at the oil fields. Therefore, every surfactant needs a particular laboratory evaluation before injected into a reservoir. We have evaluated surfactant-induced wettability alteration by means of contact angle measurement. Three kinds of surfactant have been used in this experiment, namely: TFSA (thin film spreading agent), IFT-R (interfacial tension reduction), and Well Stimulator type of surfactants. Two kinds of rocks namely LS (limestone) and SL (sandy limestone) have also been prepared. Both rocks are originally oil wet. TFSA-LS interaction tend to decrease the oil preferences with time, the contact angle increased 30 degrees after 8 weeks. Whereas TFSA-SL experienced only a little change of contact angle. Contact IFT-R and LS has changed significantly the contact angle to around 51degrees indicating less oil preference. Whereas, IFT-R and SL only changed a bit to less oil wet. The stimulator type of surfactant obviously lessen the oil wet tendency for the both rocks, the contact angles increase from initially around 15 to 35 degrees. In this experiment we found out that all the three surfactants generally tend to change the wettabillity to less oil wet.
Interfacial Tension Between Injecting Fluid And Reservoir Oil At Elevated Pressure And Temperature Sugihardjo Sugihardjo
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 30 No 1 (2007)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.30.1.863

Abstract

An important parameter of surfactant flooding in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes is the interfacial tension (IFT) reduction between the injecting fluid and the reservoir oil. To measure the IFT precisely and accurately at high pressure and temperature, Pendant Drop Apparatus had been set up. IFT between surfactant solution and reservoir oil have been investigated at several different pressure and temperature. The working pressure ranged from 0 psig up to 5000 psig, and the temperature varied from ambient condition to 80oC. The results indicated that the interfacial tension behavior of surfactant solution and reservoir oil was very unique characteristics as the pressure and temperature increase. However, some conclusion can be withdrawn from these experiments. Increasing pressure causes relatively minor change in IFT. On the other hand the rise of temperature tended to raise the IFT much more significant. Since the surfactant solution having unique behavior therefore it is recommended that IFT must be measured in laboratory at the reservoir condition before injecting in to a reservoir.
Development Of Waterflood Profile Modification Using Brightwater Technology Sugihardjo Sugihardjo
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 28 No 3 (2005)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.28.3.871

Abstract

Water flooding, in many mature fields is facing a common problem of low sweep efficiency in the late production period. The breakthrough of injection water is very early when high permeability streaks or thief zones exist in the formation, and resulted in excessive water production. Two kind of technologies commonly are used to modify the permeability streak i.e. MPM (Microbial Profile Modification), and polymer gel with cross linkers material. A new technology which is called Bright Water has been intensively studied. Bright Water is capable of in-depth placement into high permeability streaks in the reservoir. To improve the water flood sweep efficiency, studies of examination a fluid injection design have been evaluated. The objective of this study is to set-up core flooding tests and to determine the effective- ness of the Bright Water to reduce the permeability, and also include optimization of Bright Water formulation, resistance factor determination, and gelling time evaluation.
PENGAMATAN MEOR MENGGUNAKAN FORMULA NUTRISI RENDAH GLUKOSA DENGAN METODA IMBIBISI Sugihardjo Sugihardjo; Zulkifliani .; Onie Kristiawan; Cut Nanda Sari; Syafrizal .
Lembaran publikasi minyak dan gas bumi Vol 53 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : BBPMGB LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/LPMGB.53.1.365

Abstract

Kegiatan skala laboratorium telah dilakukan untuk merancang formula nutrisi MEOR (Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery) dengan bahan dasar rendah-glukosa. Bahan yang dipakai meliputi: limbah cair tahu, air kelapa, limbah cair ikan, limbah pengolahan pati, ekstrak teh, pupuk cair, ekstrak daging sapi, dan pepton. Bahan-bahan tersebut diracik untuk menjadi beberapa formula yang dapat merangsang pertumbuhan mikroba yang terkandung pada percontoh fluida dari sumuran SMR-01, SMR-02, dan SMR-03 sehingga menghasilkan bioproduk yang diperlukan untuk MEORPada seleksi kajian awal ada 48 formula nutrisi, kemudian diseleksi dan diperoleh yang potensial dalam pertumbuhan mikroba sebanyak 8 formula, yaitu 2 macam formula untuk SMR-01, 3 untuk SMR-02, dan 3 juga untuk SMR-03. 8 formula tersebut diinkubasi selama 7 hari dan diamati bioproduknya yang meliputi: pertumbuhan mikroba, pH, IFT, densitas, dan viskositas minyak. Pada tiap formula juga ditambahkan konsorsium mikroba exogenous untuk memperkaya jenis mikroba.Uji imbibisi dilakukan terhadap 8 formula tersebut serta ditambah 8 formula lagi dengan menambahkan konsorsium mikroba exogenous selama 71 hari. Hasil yang terbaik ternyata ada pada formula Ef1 dengan penambahan ekstrak teh dan pepton dan Ez1 dengan tambahan ekstrak teh dan ekstrak beef pada fluida SMR-02. Dengan nilai masing masing nilai RF (recovery factor) 56,91 untuk Ef1 dan 55,86% untuk Ez1. Oleh karena itu kedua formula tersebut dapat dijadikan acuan untuk implementasi lapangan. Secara ekonomis mungkin Ez1 akan lebih murah karena prosentase kandungan extract beef hanya 10%.
Penyaringan dan Peringkat Cekungan Kalimantan Timur serta Potensinya untuk Implementasi CCUS Sugihardjo Sugihardjo
Lembaran publikasi minyak dan gas bumi Vol 55 No 3 (2021)
Publisher : BBPMGB LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/LPMGB.55.3.706

Abstract

CCUS dan CCS merupakan teknologi yang dapat diimplementasikan untuk mencapai target penurunan emisi Gas Rumah Kaca dan menghambat kenaikan suhu bumi antara 1,50°C sampai 2°C. Kedua teknologi tersebut dapat menurunkan emisi Gas Rumah Kaca secara masif dibandingkan teknologi lainnya. Keuntungan implementasi teknologi CCS dibandingkan CCUS, CCS hanya berguna untuk menyimpan CO, sedangkan CCUS selain untuk menyimpan CO, dapat menaikan produksi minyak dengan proses injeksi CO,-EOR. Sebagai penelitian awal, telah dilakukan penyaringan dan pemeringkatan cekungan sedimen Indonesia terutama dari yang telah diketahui sekitar 60 cekungan sedimen (Sunarjanto, 2008) berdasarkan metode Bachu 2003. Dari penelitian tersebut diperoleh hasil dengan peringkat tiga besar adalah: cekungan sedimen Kutai, Sumatera Selatan, dan Sumatera Tengah. Kemudian dilakukan penelitian laboratorium dengan dua lapangan target yang lokasinya dekat dengan sumber CO, yaitu lapangan Ak dan St. Dari uji laboratorium injeksi CO,-EOR pada dua lapangan terpilih menunjukan hasil yang sangat potensial untuk meningkatkan perolehan minyak. Kemudian prediksi kebutuhan CO, dan kenaikan peningkatan perolehan minyak juga menunjukkan hasil yang cukup baik. Namun hasil ini perlu dikaji lebih dalam pada studi lapangan lebih lanjut. Source sink matching untuk kedua lapangan At dan St dapat digunakan sumber CO, yang utama dari Kilang LNG Badak dan Kilang Unit-V Balikpapan. CO, dari sumber kilang tidak perlu biaya pemasangan alat untuk pemisahan CO, dan mempunyai jarak hanya sekitar 50 km.
Lapangan Migas Potensial Sebagai CCUS-EOR Studi Kasus: Prospek Injeksi CO, di Sumatera Selatan M Romli; Sugihardjo Sugihardjo; Djoko Sunarjanto; Suliantara Suliantara; Nurus Firdaus; Dadan DSM Saputra
Lembaran publikasi minyak dan gas bumi Vol 55 No 3 (2021)
Publisher : BBPMGB LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/LPMGB.55.3.707

Abstract

 Sumatera Selatan sebagai provinsi sumber energi perlu tetap dijaga kelestarian dan keberlanjutannya. Dua hal antara sumber energi dan menjaga kawasan berwawasan lingkungan, memunculkan ide mengoptimalkan Gas Co, sebagai hasil limbah PLTU untuk dikelola menjadi bermanfaat, dengan menginjeksikannya ke lapangan migas di Sumatera Selatan. Metodologi penelitian menggunakan analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif data primer dan sekunder, baik data sumber dan target injeksi CO,. Hasil identifikasi data dilakukan analisis awal untuk menentukan lokasi terpilih di Sumatera Selatan. Survey lapangan berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografi di PLTU Simpang Belimbing dan sekitarnya guna menyusun Peta Network Clustering. Analisis buffer digunakan untuk mengetahui lokasi terbaik penempatan fasilitas integrasi CO,, distance analisis digunakan untuk mengetahui prioritas target berdasarkan jarak dari sumber, serta morfologi analisis digunakan untuk mengetahui fasilitas distribusi yang efektif bagi tiap pasangan sumber-target. Hasilnya diperoleh beberapa pasangan sumber-target yang secara jarak dan kebutuhan-ketersedian CO, mencukupi untuk dilakukan injeksi CO,-EOR. Alternatif skenario buffer zone dengan target Cluster Lapangan Migas PQR Sumatera Selatan, pada radius 100 km utamanya akan didukung CO, hasil PLTU Simpang Belimbing dan dua lapangan migas terpilih sebagai kandidat pada Klaster PQR. Jumlah isi minyak awal pada lapangan tersebut 365,850.00 MSTB, terdapat potensi produksi injeksi CO, sebesar 54,877.50 MSTB dan kebutuhan CO, untuk injeksi sebesar 21,951.00 MTon. Skenario radius 100 km akan ditambah dari Instalasi stasiun pengumpul gas Grisik dan Suban, dan seterusnya makin besar radius buffer akan banyak PLTU yang siap sebagai sumber CO,. Dilakukan pengukuran jarak datar yang sekaligus merupakan perhitungan panjang pipa dari lapangan migas ke sumber CO, terpilih, dalam radius 100 kilometer, minimum diperlukan pipa distribusi sepanjang 203.65 kilometer. Kelebihan penelitian ini terintegrasinya subsektor migas, mineral (batubara), dan energi guna menciptakan pengembangan energi hulu - hilir ramah lingkungan.