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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia JURNAL ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN KEHUTANAN Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Achmad Supriadi
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Pengaruh Jenis Kayu dan Jumlah Lapisan Terhadap Sifat Venir Lamina Mochamad Isa Iskandar; Achmad Supriadi
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (306.255 KB) | DOI: 10.18343/jipi.22.1.34

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of wood species and the number of layers of veneer against laminated veneer properties. Wood species consist of sengon, pine, and mixed pine sengon. Laminated veener made by a number of layers consist of 4, 6, and 8 layers. The difference of a number of layers was to identify quality of laminated veneer. The adhesive used is urea formaldehyde (UF) liquid. The results showed that the average moisture content of 10.76%, density of 0.54 g/cm3, delamination 5.8%, MOE 124.108 kg/cm2, and MOR 450.74 kg/cm2. The moisture content and delamination made all meet the Indonesian National Standard. Statistically, wood species were a significant effect on moisture content, density, MOE, and MOR, while various of layers were a significant effect on moisture content, density, delamination, MOE, and MOR. The number of layer’s laminated veneer made higher of water content, density, delamination, and MOR.
Sifat Pemesinan Lima Jenis Kayu Kurang Dikenal Achmad Supriadi
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 3 (2017): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (204.03 KB) | DOI: 10.18343/jipi.22.3.205

Abstract

This paper deals with a study in machining properties of five wood species, i.e. marasi (Hymenaea sp.), asam jawa (Tamarmaus indica), ki keuyeup (Enonimus javanica), cantigi (Pempis acidula), and Kendal (Euretia acuminate R.) from West Java. The result revealed that planing, shaping, boring, turning, and sanding properties were significantly affected by wood species. The machining qualities of asam jawa, marasi and ki keuyeup woods with respect to criteria were good to very good, while those cantigi and Kendal fair to good. There is a tendency of the higher density of wood, the better of machining properties. These five of wood can be suggested to be processed into various products processing with machining results as good to very good, except cantigi and kendal if need turning process must be done more carefully.
KAJIAN EFISIENSI PEMANFAATAN KAYU MERBAU DAN RELOKASI INDUSTRI PENGOLAHANNYA Bagian 1: Propinsi Papua Sebagai Penghasil Kayu Merbau dan Tujuan Relokasi Jamaludin Malik; Osly Rachman; Jamal Balfas; Achmad Supriadi
Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan Kehutanan Vol 2, No 1 (2005): JURNAL ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN KEHUTANAN
Publisher : Centre for Research and Development on Social, Economy, Policy and Climate Change

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (16078.58 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jakk.2005.2.1.59-76

Abstract

Kayu Merbau (Intsia spp.) pernah menjadi isu penting karena Pemerintah Propinsi Papua meminta dispensasi dari Pemerintah Pusat untuk mengekspor log kayu tersebut. Argumentasi yang dikemukakan adalah kekerasan kayu tersebut, sehingga tidak bisa diolah di dalam negeri. Apabila tidak diekspor berarti sumberdaya alam yang dimiliki Propinsi Papua tidak dimanfaatkan secara optimal untuk pembangunan daerah. Sementara itu, Inpres No. 7 tahun 2002 menawarkan paket relokasi industri dari wilayah Jawa Timur ke Papua. Untuk mengevaluasi kondisi obyektif pemanfaatan kayu merbau dan urgensi relokasi industrinya, dilakukan kajian ilmiah komprehensif yang meliputi potensi bahan baku, alokasi penggunaan, tenaga kerja dan peraturan yang terkait dengan pemanfaatan kayu merbau. Tulisan ini dibagi menjadi dua bagian. Bagian pertama, kajian difokuskan terhadap wilayah Papua sebagai sumber bahan baku dan tempat tujuan relokasi industri pengolahan kayu merbau, mencakup pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan wawancara dengan instansi terkait di wilayah Jakarta, Banten dan Papua. Bagian kedua akan disajikan pada tulisan terpisah, yang akan mengkaji industri kayu merbau di Jawa Timur dan sekitarnya yang akan direlokasi. Hasil observasi di Papua diketahui bahwa potensi kayu merbau yang dapat dimanfaatkan masih cukup 3besar , yaitu 2,662 juta m/tahun. Untuk menunjang pengelolaan hutan lestari, perlu dilakukan perhitungan ulang atas potensi kayu. Di Papua terdapat 9 industri besar yang mengolah kayu merbau dan 66 unit industri kecil/menengah yang mengalami kekurangan bahan baku kayu merbau. Sebagian besar industri mengolah kayu merbau menjadi kayu gergajian, S2S dan S4S. Banyak kilang penggergajian kecil di areal hutan menggergaji kayu bulat merbau menjadi balok kasar dengan menggunakan gergaji rantai. Evaluasi terhadap data dan informasi yang tersedia dapat disimpulkan bahwa relokasi industri bukan merupakan alternatif yang tepat. Pembinaan yang lebih tepat adalah peningkatan kemampuan teknis industri dan pemasaran kayu merbau di Papua, sehingga mampu memproduksi barang jadi (finished products) dan langsung dapat memasarkannya.
KARAKTERISTIK PAPAN PARTIKEL DARI BULU DOMBA, SERBUK GERGAJI DAN SERUTAN KAYU DENGAN PEREKAT UREA FORMALDEHIDA M. I. Iskandar; Achmad Supriadi
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 5 No. 1 (2015): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (375.823 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v5i1.94

Abstract

Particle Board Characteristics of Fur Sheep, Sawdust and Wood Shavings with Urea Formaldehyde Adhesive         Particle board is a board made of particles of wood or other berlignoselulosa bonded with adhesive, then felted heat. Particle board excess, which uses industrial waste materials, uniform size and density, uniform thick and density, the character and quality can be set. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of particle board from sheep's wool, sawdust and wood shavings. The experimental design used was completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors and repeated three times. The first factor combination of pollen fleece (B), with sawdust sengon (G) and wood shavings sengon (S), namely B0G60S40 : (0% : 60% : 40%), B10G50S40 : (10% : 50% : 40%), B20G40S40 : (20% : 40% : 40%), B30G30S40 : (30% : 30% : 40% and the second factor consists of the physical properties (density, moisture content, thickness swelling and water absorption) and character of mechanical factor (flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, perpendicular and surface strength and straight screw holding). The results of the research were to produce a density value was between 0.69 to 0.78 g/cm3, water content with an average of 6.49%, a value between 32.36 to 83.9% thickness swelling, water absorption between 89,04- 169.15%, the flexural strength values between 68.4 to 121.8 kgf/cm2, elastic modulus was between 671.84 to 1381.51 kgf/cm2, the value of tensile strength perpendicular of the surface was between 0.44 to 1.3 kgf/cm2and screw holding strength value was between 6.0 to 22.3 kg. the higher use of powder fleece might degrade the quality of particle board, otherwise use the higher adhesive could improve the quality of particle board. The study of particle board and fleece, saws and wood shavings was on average below of the national Indonesia standard, except for the density and moisture content, for flexural strength was only partially standard value.Key words: fleece, characteristics, particle board, sawdust, wood shavings. ABSTRAK          Papan partikel merupakan suatu papan yang terbuat dari partikel-partikel kayu atau bahan berlignoselulosa lainnya yang diikat dengan perekat, kemudian dikempa panas. Kelebihan papan partikel, yaitu menggunakan bahan limbah industri, ukuran dan kerapatan seragam, tebal dan kerapatan seragam, sifat dan kualitasnya dapat diatur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik papan partikel dari bulu domba, serbuk gergaji dan serutan kayu. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial dengan dua faktor dan ulangan sebanyak tiga kali. Faktor pertama kombinasi serbuk bulu domba (B), dengan serbuk gergaji kayu sengon (G) dan serutan kayu sengon (S), yaitu B0G60S40 : (0% : 60% : 40%), B10G50S40 : (10% : 50% : 40%), B20G40S40 : (20% : 40% : 40%), B30G30S40 : (30% : 30% : 40%) dan faktor kedua terdiri dari sifat fisis (kerapatan, kadar air, pengembangan tebal dan daya serap air) dan sifat mekanis (kuat lentur, modulus elastisitas, kuat tarik tegal lurus permukaan dan kuat pegang sekrup). Hasil penelitian menghasilkan nilai kerapatan antara 0,69-0,78 g/cm3, nilai kadar air dengan rata-rata 6,49%, nilai pengembangan tebal antara 32,36-83,9%, daya serap air antara 89,04-169,15%, nilai kuat lentur antara 68,4-121,8 kgf/cm2, nilai modulus elastisitas antara 671,84-1381,51 kgf/cm2, nilai kuat tarik tegak lurus permukaan antara 0,44-1,3 kgf/cm2 dan nilai kuat pegang sekrup antara 6,0-22,3 kg. penggunakan serbuk bulu domba yang semakin tinggi dapat menurunkan kualitas papan partikel, sebaliknya penggunaan perekat yang semakin tinggi dapat meningkatkan kualitas papan partikel. Penelitian papan partikel dan bulu domba, gergaji dan serutan kayu rata-rata di bawah standar nasional Indonesia, kecuali untuk kerapatan dan kadar air, untuk kuat lentur hanya sebagian yang masuk standar.Kata kunci : bulu domba, karakteristik, papan partikel, serbuk gergaji, serutan kayu.
STUDI KUALITAS DAN BIAYA PRODUKSI BAMBU LAMINA SKALA PABRIK Deazy Rachmi Trisatya; Achmad Supriadi; Ignasia Maria Sulastiningsih
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 40 No. 3 (2022): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2022.40.3.135-143

Abstract

Bamboo can be harvested faster than wood. Bamboo processing industry has been able to process bamboo into laminatedbamboo products by utilizing lamination technology. Laminated bamboo products derived from the bamboo processing industrymust be of high quality in order to suit their intended use. The purpose of this paper was to provide information on the physicaland mechanical properties, as well as the production costs, of laminated bamboo from one of Bali's laminated bamboo factories.The mechanical and physical properties of laminated bamboo flooring samples were tested in this study. The factory's productioncosts component data were calculated to obtain the estimate of production costs, product cost, and gross profit for laminatedbamboo flooring. The results of the tests showed that the laminated bamboo's moisture content and bonding quality meet therequirements of the Indonesian Standard for Laminated Bamboo for General Use and the International Standard for BambooFlooring for Indoor Use. The flexural strength of laminated bamboo met the requirements of both the Japanese Glued LaminatedTimber Standard and the International Standard for Bamboo Flooring for Indoor Use. This factory's laminated bamboo isequivalent to strength class III to strength class II of wood. The annual production of laminated bamboo for flooring is 9,600 m2,with a laminated bamboo production cost of Rp 262,905.21 per m2. With a typical selling price of Rp. 400,000.00 per m2, fora total gross income of Rp. 137,094.79 per m2, the gross profit to cost of production ratio is 0.52 and the gross profit to sellingprice ratio is 0.34.
PERUBAHAN WARNA DAN LAPISAN FINISHING LIMA JENIS KAYU AKIBAT PENCUACAAN Krisdianto; Esti Rini Satiti; Achmad Supriadi
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 36 No. 3 (2018): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2018.36.3.205-218

Abstract

The increase use of wood products for outdoor arises from warmth color and amenity properties of wood. However, wood is naturally degraded in term of color changes and finishing layer percentage after outdoor exposure. This paper presents wood color change and finishing layer durabillity after one year outdoor exposure. Five lesser known wood species from Riau were coated transparently using acrylic, enamel, polyurethane, ultran lasur ultra violet (UV), and ultran politur P-03 UV prior to outdoor exposure. Wood color differences were assessed according to CIELab system and coating film coverages were digitally analyzed by ImageJ software. The result showed that natural wood color turned into greyish pale after one year outdoor exposure. Color changes are relatively high in the first month then moderate and little changes every month there of. Finished layer wood samples were more resistant to weathering than unfinished surfaces. Finishing material of enamel (ET), lasur (LSR), and P03 (PP) experienced better coverage than acrylic and polyurethane finish. Finishing layer is gradually degraded, then re-finishing is necessary for optimal outdoor protection. Relationships between finishing coverage and color change showed medium correlation, where the greater finishing coverage, the greater the color changes.
SIFAT PEMESINAN LIMA JENIS KAYU ASAL RIAU Achmad Supriadi; Abdurachman
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 36 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2018.36.2.85-100

Abstract

Wood machining is one of important utilization properties, especially for lesser known wood species. This paper determines the machining properties and possible utilization of punak (Tetramerista glabra Miq.), meranti bunga (Shorea teysmanniana Dryer ex Brandis), mempisang (Alphonsea spp.), suntai (Palaquium burckii H.J.L.), and pasak linggo (Aglaia argentea Blume) originated from Riau Province. The tests were conducted based on the modified testing standard of ASTM D-1666-64. Twenty samples of each species were machining tested for the work of planing, shaping, boring, turning, and sanding. Visual observation was performed using loupe 10x magnification. Research revealed that planing, shaping, boring, turning and sanding properties were significantly influenced by wood species. Punak and pasak linggo had good and very good machining properties. Mempisang had a wide range machining properties from poor to very good, while meranti bunga had poor to good machining properties. Lastly, suntai had a moderate to good machining properties. Regression analysis showed that higher specific gravity resulted in better machining properties. Wood with good to very good categories could be suggested as raw materials for various products. Mempisang and meranti bunga should be carefully handled, particularly in boring and turning processes.
PENGARUH KADAR EKSTENDER TEPUNG BIJI ALPUKAT TERHADAP MUTU KAYU LAPIS DAMAR (Agathis alba Foxw) M. I. Iskandar; Achmad Supriadi
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 34 No. 1 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2016.34.1.45-50

Abstract

The addition of extender in the adhesive mixture may reduce the cost of gluing in the plywood manufacture. The extender addition should not reduce the plywood quality in term of internal bonding. This paper examines the use of avocado seeds flour as an extender in the manufacture of damar plywood (Agathis alba Foxw.). Based on the total mixture weight, the seeds flour was grouped into three concentrations of 10%, 20% and 30%. The main adhesive used was Urea Formaldehyde (UF) and parameters tested includes moisture content, density and internal bonding strength. Results show that the average of plywood moisture content, density and internal bonding strength were 7.46%, 0.48 g/cm , 11.77 kg/cm , respectively. The moisture content and bonding strength of damar plywood meets the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The maximum bonding strength was achieved by plywood with an extender of 10% avocadoseed's flour. The variation of extender contents shows the pattern of the greater the extender content the the lower the internal bonding strength.
PENGARUH KADAR PEREKAT TERHADAP SIFAT PAPAN PARTIKEL AMPAS TEBU M. I. Iskandar; Achmad Supriadi
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 31 No. 1 (2013): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2013.31.1.19-26

Abstract

Particleboards as one kind of the reconstituted wood products in their manufacture still rely on the Sonventional wood material from natural forest, which in potency becomes limited and scarce. Consequently, use of alternative woods or other ligno-cellulosic fibrous stuffs deserves thorough consideration, with their potency abundant and mostly still unutilized, such at bagasse (sugar-cane fibers) waste from sugar factories. In relevant, a research on particle board manufacture avus conducted using bagasse particles bonded together with urta-formaldehyde (UF) adhesive. This research aimed to look into the effect of UF content (i.e. 6%, 8%, and 10% based on the dry weight of the particles) on the physical-mechanical properties of the resulting particleboard. Results revealed that increasing the UF content brought about a significant decrease in the thickness swelling and water absorption of the board; and increases in MOR, MOE, and crew-withdrawal strength, but inflicted so significant changes on the moisture content, density, and internal band. Particleboard properties that could favor the standards of consecutively Indoncia (SNI), Japan (JIS) and FAO either entirely or partially were density, moisture content, and MOR. The greatber the UF content, the more of those properties satisfying the JIS spesification. Judging from in density, this experimented particleboard was more suitable for ate at room deathing and frumed table-plane. The particielswars that looks the neust prospective for such purposesmere those ning UF at 8% content.
KARAKTERISTIK LAMINASI BAMBU PADA PAPAN JABON Achmad Supriadi; I.M. Sulastiningsih; Subyakto
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 35 No. 4 (2017): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2017.35.4.263-272

Abstract

Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba Miq.) has been widely planted by communities as an alternative of building and furniture materials. However, there are two inferior jabon wood proferties i.e. low strength (Class IV) and less durable (Class V). Jabon-Bamboo Laminated Board (JBLB) is one posible product that may be developed to improve jabon’s wood properties. This study investigates quality improvement of jabon boards due to fabrication as JBLB and the effect of bamboo layers number on JBLB properties. Andong bamboo (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinaceae (Steudel) Widjaja) and mayan bamboo (Gigantochloa robusta Kurz) were used in this study. Initially, jabon boards and 3 bamboo strips were preserved by soaking in 7% boron solution until reaching the targeted retention of 6 kg/m . The JBLB were manufactured in four different layer compositions using Isocyanate adhesive. The glue spread and cold pressing time 2 applied were 250 g/m and one hour, respectively. Results showed that quality of JBLB was significantly affected by the number of bamboo layers, except bonding strength. Bamboo lamination on jabon board has increased the product density by 10%, modulus of elasticity (MOE) by 71%, modulus of rupture (MOR) by 34% and compression strength by 20% compared with the initial jabon properties. Strength values of JBLB are classified into wood strength class-III .
Co-Authors Abdurachman Deazy Rachmi Trisatya Esti Rini Satiti I.M. Sulastiningsih Ignasia Maria Sulastiningsih Jamal Balfas Jamaludin MALIK Krisdianto M. I. Iskandar M. I. Iskandar Mochamad Isa ISKANDAR Osly Rachman Subyakto