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Appearance of extractives matter as oil-form on wood surface has been causing problems in wood working, especially for laminated wood products and finishing. The problem of extractives on the oily keruing was observed to get the way how to overcome it so the wood utilization able to be increased by laminated wood manufacturing. The effect of the treatments on the oily keruing as laminated wood material has been done by boiling in the water, boiling in diesel fuel and cooking oil mixture, and pre Jamaludin MALIK; Mochamad Isa ISKANDAR
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 2 No. 1 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Appearance of extractives matter as oil-form on wood surface has been causing problems in wood working, especially for laminated wood products and finishing. The problem of extractives on the oily keruing was observed to get the way how to overcome it so the wood utilization able to be increased by laminated wood manufacturing. The effect of the treatments on the oily keruing as laminated wood material has been done by boiling in the water, boiling in diesel fuel and cooking oil mixture, and press-vacuum with paraffin addition. Comparison was done for inter-treatment and also to non oily keruing. The materials used were oily (Dipterocarpus gracilis), non oily (Dipterocarpus grandifloris) keruing and tannin-base glue. The observed parameters consist of visual appearance, moisture content, density, bonding strength and delaminating. Results indicated that moisture content of all treatment were not more than 15%, density range of 0.71-0.91 g/cm3 and average 0.79 g/cm3. The bonding strength of laminated wood ranges varied from 17.80 kg/cm2 to 37.73 kg/cm2 nd average 26.44 kg/cm2 (dry testing) and 1.81 kg/cm2-13.97 kg/cm2 and average 9.15 kg/cm2 (wet testing), while the delaminating ranges of 41.19% to 52.85% and average 45.52%. Generally, the treatment of boiling in mixture of diesel fuel and cooking oil with 6 : 1 in proportion, resulted increasing properties for laminated wood made of oily keruing. Keywords : Extractives, oily keruing, tannin, laminated wood

TANNIN RESORCINOL FORMALDEHYDE AS POTENTIAL GLUE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PLYBAMBOO Adi Santoso; Yusuf Sudo Hadi; Jamaludin Malik
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 9, No 1 (2012): Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Secretariat of Agency for Standardization of Environment and Forestry Instruments

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2012.9.1.10-15

KAJIAN EFISIENSI PEMANFAATAN KAYU MERBAU DAN RELOKASI INDUSTRI PENGOLAHANNYA Bagian 1: Propinsi Papua Sebagai Penghasil Kayu Merbau dan Tujuan Relokasi Jamaludin Malik; Osly Rachman; Jamal Balfas; Achmad Supriadi
Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan Kehutanan Vol 2, No 1 (2005): JURNAL ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN KEHUTANAN
Publisher : Centre for Research and Development on Social, Economy, Policy and Climate Change

Kayu Merbau (Intsia spp.) pernah menjadi isu penting karena Pemerintah Propinsi Papua meminta dispensasi dari Pemerintah Pusat untuk mengekspor log kayu tersebut. Argumentasi yang dikemukakan adalah kekerasan kayu tersebut, sehingga tidak bisa diolah di dalam negeri. Apabila tidak diekspor berarti sumberdaya alam yang dimiliki Propinsi Papua tidak dimanfaatkan secara optimal untuk pembangunan daerah. Sementara itu, Inpres No. 7 tahun 2002 menawarkan paket relokasi industri dari wilayah Jawa Timur ke Papua. Untuk mengevaluasi kondisi obyektif pemanfaatan kayu merbau dan urgensi relokasi industrinya, dilakukan kajian ilmiah komprehensif yang meliputi potensi bahan baku, alokasi penggunaan, tenaga kerja dan peraturan yang terkait dengan pemanfaatan kayu merbau. Tulisan ini dibagi menjadi dua bagian. Bagian pertama, kajian difokuskan terhadap wilayah Papua sebagai sumber bahan baku dan tempat tujuan relokasi industri pengolahan kayu merbau, mencakup pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan wawancara dengan instansi terkait di wilayah Jakarta, Banten dan Papua. Bagian kedua akan disajikan pada tulisan terpisah, yang akan mengkaji industri kayu merbau di Jawa Timur dan sekitarnya yang akan direlokasi. Hasil observasi di Papua diketahui bahwa potensi kayu merbau yang dapat dimanfaatkan masih cukup 3besar , yaitu 2,662 juta m/tahun. Untuk menunjang pengelolaan hutan lestari, perlu dilakukan perhitungan ulang atas potensi kayu. Di Papua terdapat 9 industri besar yang mengolah kayu merbau dan 66 unit industri kecil/menengah yang mengalami kekurangan bahan baku kayu merbau. Sebagian besar industri mengolah kayu merbau menjadi kayu gergajian, S2S dan S4S. Banyak kilang penggergajian kecil di areal hutan menggergaji kayu bulat merbau menjadi balok kasar dengan menggunakan gergaji rantai. Evaluasi terhadap data dan informasi yang tersedia dapat disimpulkan bahwa relokasi industri bukan merupakan alternatif yang tepat. Pembinaan yang lebih tepat adalah peningkatan kemampuan teknis industri dan pemasaran kayu merbau di Papua, sehingga mampu memproduksi barang jadi (finished products) dan langsung dapat memasarkannya.

Pengaruh Pengukusan dan Perendaman dengan NaOH terhadap Pelengkungan Kayu Rasamala (Altingia excelsa Noronha), Asam Jawa (Tamarindus indica L.) dan Marasi (Hymeneae courbaril L.) The Influence of Steaming and Soaking in NaOH to Bending of Rasamala (Altingia excelsa Noronha), Java Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) and Marasi (Hymeneae courbaril L.)Wood Jamaludin Malik; K. Yuniart; Jasni Jasni; O. Rachman
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 4, No 2 (2006): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Wood bent has been observed on three wood species from forest people plantation, i.e. Rasamala (Altingia excelsa Noronha), Java Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) and Marasi (Hymenaea courbaril L.), through steaming and soaking in 3% NaOH pre-treatment.The results showed that pre-treatment by soaking in 3% NaOH for 7 days continued by steaming for 30 minutes at temperature of 105 + 3ºC, could increase bent ability of each wood as follows: Rasamala 124%, Marasi 41% and Java Tamarind wood 13%, compared to bent ability of these woods with steaming treatment only. The Rasamala wood has bigger bent-radius or more difficult to be bent than the two others. Bending radius and increasing of wood bending of wood with high specific gravity is lower than wood with low the specific gravity

Estimation of the Status of Small-Scale Fisheries Resources in Semarang City: Pendugaan Status Sumberdaya Perikanan Skala Kecil di Kota Semarang Hendi Kristiana; Jamaludin Malik; Nur Anwar
Tropical Fisheries Management Journal Vol 5 No 1 (2021): Journal of Tropical Fisheries Management
Publisher : Departement of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jppt.v5i1.34756

Perikanan di Kota Semarang didominasi oleh perikanan skala kecil. Hal ini ditandai dengan penggunaan armada perikanan paling besar 10 gros ton yang beroperasi di dekat pantai. Data statistik perikanan selama 10 tahun (2010-2019) terlihat hasil tangkapan yang mulai menurun, sementara perkembangan jumlah unit penangkapan yang semakin meningkat. Hal ini mengindikasikan stok ikan mulai berkurang dan tingkat pemanfaatan sumberdaya perikanan mengarah overfishing. Hal tersebut diperkuat dengan hasil pengamatan langsung di lapangan yang menunjukkan jumlah hasil tangkapan cenderung sedikit dan ukuran ikan yang tertangkap cenderung kecil. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis status sumberdaya perikanan skala kecil di Kota Semarang. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis data runtun waktu (time series) produksi surplus yaitu data dari hasil tangkapan (ton/tahun) dan jumlah alat tangkap (unit), dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun (2010-2019), untuk menghitung nilai catch per-unit effort (CPUE), potensi maksimum lestari (MSY), jumlah effort optimum (fopt), tingkat pemanfaatan (TP) dan tingkat kapasitas (TK). Penelitian ini diperoleh hasil adanya tren penurunan CPUE; hasil tangkapan/produksi perikanan eksisting tahun 2019 telah melewati nilai MSY-nya yaitu sebesar 479 ton/tahun (Schaefer) dan 439,11 ton/tahun (Fox); tingkat pemanfaatan lebih dari 100% yaitu sebesar 108-127% (Schaefer) dan 118-138% (Fox), sehingga perikanan skala kecil di Kota Semarang berada pada tingkat over-exploited. Berdasarkan analisis fopt menunjukkan jumlah alat tangkap yang digunakan (fexisting) telah melebihi jumlah optimumnya dengan tingkat kapasitas penangkapan melebihi 100%, sehingga perikanan skala kecil di Kota Semarang telah mengalami kelebihan kapasitas penangkapan (overcapacity).

SINTESIS, KARAKTERISASI DAN APLIKASI BIO-IMPREGNAN DARI KULIT BATANG SAWIT Jamaludin Malik; Adi Santoso; Jamal Balfas
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2022.40.2.93%E2%80%93104

The formulation of phenolic compounds extracted from biomass not only produces adhesives but can also be used as bioimpregnant. In this study, the synthesis was carried out by copolymerization of resorcinol (R) and formaldehyde (F) into the oilpalm bark extract (S) to produce SRF resin fluid. A complete characterization was carried out using FTIR, Py-GCMS, XRDand DTA. In addition, F emission was also undertaken to ensure its safety for health and the environment. The application ofbio-impregnant was done on samples of the hard (edge) and soft (middle) parts of the oil palm trunk. The results show that the oilpalm bark extract contains polyphenol components that have a strong affinity for resorcinol and formaldehyde in alkaline catalyst(NaOH 40%), so that it can form a copolymer that can be used as an impregnant. The application of the bio-impregnant canimprove the quality of the oil palm trunk in both parts from class V to class III of wood-strength classification with an increase indensity (>100%), hardness (4 times), thickness swelling in both cold and boiling water meets the requirements (<25%), as wellas formaldehyde emission that meets the standard SNI 03-2105-2006.

KARAKTERISTIK PAPAN PARTIKEL CAMPURAN SERBUK GERGAJIAN KAYU SENGON DAN KULIT BUAH KOPI DENGAN PEREKAT DEKSTRIN TEPUNG ONGGOK Nurannisa Syafitri; Auliya Shafiah Zakhrakh; Syifa Nur Annissa; Sutrisno; Eka Mulya Alamsyah; Tati Karliati; Jamaludin Malik
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 40 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2022.40.1.19-30

Waste from forest and agricultural products currently does not have good economic value, so the manufacture of particle boardcould be a solution. The objective of this research is to obtain the physical and mechanical characteristics of particle board fromsengon wood sawdust and coffee bean bark using cassava flour waste-based dextrin adhesive. Dextrin was manufactured by spraying5 mL of 5% HCl to 80 g cassava flour waste starch, then heated at 130°C for 3 hours. Particle board manufactured with targetof density 0.6 g/cm3. To obtain the optimal composition of materials mixture, the particleboards were made with 4 compositions,based on the weight ratio between sengon wood sawdust and coffee fruit bark; 100%:0%, 75%:25%, 50%:50%, and 25%:75%.The dextrin adhesive used is 20% based on dry kiln weight of the particles and hot-pressing was conducted at a temperature of185°C and pressured 20 kgf/cm2for 10 minutes. The physical properties test showed that the density 0.490.64 g/cm3, moisturecontent 7.89%9.01%, water absorption 92.41167.65%, and thickness swelling 11.31%59.9%. Particle board withmixture composition of 25% sengon wood sawdust and 75% coffee fruit bark was fulfilled the physical properties: density, moisturecontent, and thickness swelling, while water absorption value did not specify in the JIS A 5908: 2003 standard. Mechanicalproperties test showed that the internal bond value was 0.020.03 N/mm2 and resistance to screw withdrawal value was46.4144 N. Particle board with a mixture of 25% sengon wood sawdust and 75% coffee fruit bark has the optimum mechanicalproperties, however it did not meet the JIS A 5908: 2003 standard.

PENGARUH UMUR POHON, POSISI BATANG, TEBAL VENIR DAN KOMPOSISI PANEL INTI SAWIT TERHADAP PRODUKSI KAYU LAPIS MINDI Jamal Balfas; Jamaludin Malik
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 38 No. 3 (2020): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2020.38.3.189-198

This study examined the effect of tree age, trunk position, veneer thickness, and composition of panel core of oilpalm wood on mindi plywood production. Oil palm logs of 1.3 m length were cut from two sources of trees with differentages, i.e. 25 and 32 years old. Four logs were collected from the bottom toward the top of each tree in which ten trees fromrespective age classes were selected randomly and cut into logs. Logs from each age class were peeled in spindleless rotarymachine respectively into two thickness of veneer, i.e. 2.5 and 3.4 mm. Dried veneers (MC 10%) were assembled intotwo kinds of panel, i.e. 3 and 5 plies, where the face and back layer were made using 1.2 mm veneer of mindi (Meliaazedarach) wood. Results showed that trunks from the 32 year old tree have higher green and dry veneer recoveriesthan those of the 25 year old tree. Moisture content and density of the 25 year old panels core are lower than thosemade from the 32 year old veneer. Bonding strength of panels made from the 32 year old core veneer is higher than thatmade from the 25 year old veneer. The 3 layer panels have higher bond strength than those of the 5 layer panel. Panelsmade from 2.5 mm core veneers have lower bonding strength than those made from 3.4 mm veneers.

SAWING RECOVERY OF SEVERAL SAWMILLS IN JEPARA Jamaludin Malik; Gary P. Hopewell
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 29 No. 4 (2011): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2011.29.4.331-342

In the situation of wood material shortage, it is important to furniture manufacturers to efficiently utilize the wood. Increasing efficiency for improving value added of small medium enterprises of wood furniture industries in Jepara should be carried out from the first stage in wood processing: sawing that will convert logs into sawn timber. A study has been carried out on improving sawing recovery of sawntimber by live-sawing pattern to make loseware lumber for furniture material in Jepara region. This study was done by investigating the current sawing recovery data as determined during one full day's processing at each of the four bandsaw mill facilities and one chainsaw/carving facility. The results indicate that the current recovery rate of sawmilling services companies in Jepara reached 70-80%. These recoveries are relatively high due to the live sawing pattern used and the fact that sawn boards were not edged or resawn into square pieces at the mill. Compared to existing rules and the Government standard for calculating the recovery rate, sawmilling service companies in Jepara have practiced efficient processing in sawing.

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