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All Journal Agrikultura Sains Tanah Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science
Vita Ratri Cahyani
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences

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Succession of Fungal Community Structure in Degradative Land Caused by Basal Rot Pathogen of Garlic Cahyani, Vita Ratri; Rahayu, Devi Puji; Siswanto, Agus; Prasetyo, Dedy; Hadiwiyono, Hadiwiyono
Sains Tanah - Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Agroklimatologi 2014: Articles in Press (Vol. 11 No. 1)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15608/stjssa.v0i0.216

Abstract

Land degradation causes a decreasement the ability of land in suppressing the development of pathogen FOCe that causes basal rot of garlic. In the garlic planting area in Tawangmangu discovered the fact that productive-suppressive land to FOCe the disease has low incidence (<1%) and degradative-conducive land with high incidens (≥60%). The research aims to study the succession of common fungal community structure and FOCe in the rhizosphere of garlic on both land for garlic plantation. The study was conducted from April to September 2013 in productive-suppressive land (Pancot) and degradative-conducive (Gondosuli) for soil sampling and laboratory analysis in Biologi Tanah UNS for fungi and FOCe analysis. The composite method used for sampling and the garlic rhizosphere samples  which is had healthy plants conditions aged 0, 20, 40, and 60 days after planting (DAP), and the garlic rhizosphere samples with healthy plants and diseased condition aged 80, 100, and 120 days after planting (DAP). Laboratory analysis using PDA culture medium as common fungi growing medium and SFA as a growing medium FOCe then observed population density and diversity. The method was pour plate method with 10-2 to 10-7 dilution. The results showed the population and diversity of fungi and FOCe have dynamics fluctuation. The fungi population in productive-suppressive land lower than degradative-conducive, with each value 108 and 3,5x108 CFU gram-1 soil. FOCe population on degradative-conducive land was higher than productive-suppressive land, and the highest population in both land at age 20 and 100 DAP with a FOCe density of each land about 1,25x107 and 1,66x107 CFU gram-1 soil. During the growth periode of garlic, the fungi diversity on productive-suppressive land always indicate higher than degradative-conducive land.
Kompatibilitas dan Efektivitas Azospirillum dan Streptomyces untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Moler pada Bawang Merah di Alfisol Jumantono Hadiwiyono, Hadiwiyono; Fitriana, Faedah; Poromarto, Susilo Hambeg; Cahyani, Vita Ratri
Agrikultura Vol 34, No 3 (2023): Desember, 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/agrikultura.v34i3.50413

Abstract

Pengaruh Azospirillum sp. dan Streptomyces sp. secara terpisah sebagai perlakuan tunggal pada kegiatan budidaya tanaman telah banyak dilaporkan pada penelitian sebelumnya, tetapi sebagai perlakuan kombinasi sebagai agens hayati masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kompatibilitas dan efektivitas Azospirillum sp. dan Streptomyces sp. untuk pengendalian penyakit moler yang disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae (FOCe) dan pertumbuhan bawang merah di tanah Alfisol Jumantono. Penelitian terdiri dari uji in vitro (uji antagonisme dan uji kompatibilitas) dan uji in vivo (penanaman pada polybag di screen house). Uji in vitro dilakukan dengan metode dual culture sementara uji in vivo dilakukan dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) yang terdiri dari lima perlakuan dan lima ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari perlakuan tanpa agens pengendali hayati, aplikasi fungisida, Azospirillum sp., Streptomyces sp., dan kombinasi Azospirillum sp. dengan Streptomyces sp. semua perlakuan diinkulasikan dengan FOCe.Variabel yang diamati pada uji in vitro yaitu kompatibilitas dan penghambatan pertumbuhan koloni FOCe, sementara pada uji in vivo variabel yang diamati adalah penghambatan terhadap intensitase penyakit serta pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan bawang merah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara in vitro Azospirillum sp. dan Streptomyces sp. kompatibel satu sama lain. Streptomyces sp. menekan pertumbuhan FOCe sebesar 52.96% lebih baik daripada Azospirillum sp. Akan tetapi, hasil uji in vivo menunjukkan Azospirillum sp. dan Streptomyces sp., baik secara individu maupun bersama-sama, belum berhasil memberikan pengendalian yang optimal terhadap penyakit moler pada bawang merah yang ditanam di tanah Alfisols Jumantono. Meskipun aplikasinya mampu mengurangi intensitas penyakit moler, tingkat efektivitasnya termasuk dalam kategori kurang. Selain itu, dampaknya terhadap parameter pertumbuhan bawang merah juga belum hasil yang diharapkan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan peningkatan dalam metode aplikasi agens pengendali hayati guna mencapai hasil yang diinginkan.
Exchangeable Al, peanut growth, and nodulation on Ultisol Bogor as affected by ameliorant proportion of lime and organic matter Cahyani, Vita Ratri; Firmansyah, Mohammad Iqbal; Cahyono, Ongko; Widijanto, Hery
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2024.112.5429

Abstract

Ultisols are characterized as acid soils with high exchangeable Al as the primary constraint for plant growth. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the proportion of lime and organic matter in decreasing exchangeable Al on Ultisol Bogor and continued to observe the impact on the growth and nodulation of peanuts. The pot experiment used a completely randomized design with a single treatment of the addition of ameliorant consisting of 12 levels of the treatment of lime (calcite and dolomite), organic matter (dry cow dung and rice straw compost), and their combinations with three replications. The first step was applying the ameliorant and incubating for eight weeks, then continuing the cultivation of peanuts. Results showed that during incubation, the decrease in exchangeable Al levels varied between treatments, along with an increase in soil pH and available P. The treatments of calcite 100% (T1) and dolomite 100% (T2) showed the highest increase in soil pH and available P and the highest decrease in exchangeable Al. The result of plant growth showed that the highest plant dry weight, N-uptake, and P-uptake were obtained by the treatment of dolomite 25% + rice straw compost 25% + dry cow dung 25% + NPK 25% (T10), whereas the highest number and total weight of nodules were obtained by the rice straw compost 50% + dry cow dung 50% (T7) and dolomite 25% + rice straw compost 75% (T8).  
Evaluation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Cultures in Increasing Phosphorus Uptake and Maize Growth Compared to Chemical and Organic Fertilizers on an Andisol Cahyani, Vita Ratri; Azzahra, Nadine Yuki; Rosariastuti, Retno
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 46, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v46i3.3867

Abstract

There is still limited information about the formulation of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi culture with the specific ability to overcome P retention in Andisols. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the functional ability of eight AM fungi cultures consisting of four cultures from the generation I (A1I31, A2I21, A0I31, and A0I21) and four cultures from generation II (A1I32, A2I22, A0I32, and A0I22) in dealing with P constraints on an Andisol, compared with the application of fresh AM fungi inocula isolated from natural soils, synthetic chemical fertilizers (CF), rice straw (RS) compost, and several combination treatments including Bio-RP Nutrition. The highest functional ability in increasing P uptake and maize growth on Andisol is obtained by A1I32, followed by A2I22 and A0I22, indicating that AM fungi cultures generation II exhibited higher effectiveness than generation I. The increase of P uptake and maize shoot dry weight yielded by those three AM fungi cultures were in the range of 80-97% and 89-103% of T14 (CF 100%), indicating the high potential biofertilizers for reducing the use of chemical fertilizers. By  cultivation  plate  method,  the  present  findings  also  confirmed that  AM   fungi   inoculation   affecting  significantly   the   abundance and  the  composition  of  foliar  endophytic  bacterial  communities.
Dynamic capability of P-solubilizing endophytic and rhizospheric bacteria from various vegetation of Alas Bromo for reducing chemical fertilizer use Prasgi, Henokh Christian; Ariyanto, Dwi Priyo; Cahyani, Vita Ratri
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.123.7617

Abstract

The application of agrochemicals is still the main practice in the agroforestry system of Alas Bromo. Alfisols in Alas Bromo were characterized as acidic soil with very low soil available P. This study aimed to examine the capacity of P-solubilizing endophytic and rhizospheric bacteria from various Alas Bromo vegetation: mahogany, wresah, peanut, elephant grass, and maize in increasing soil available P and enhancing maize growth, which has the potential for reducing chemical fertilizer use. The research began with exploring and isolating bacteria using Pikovskaya agar medium, followed by in vitro tests of functional abilities and greenhouse experiments (soil incubation continued with maize planting). Rock phosphate was used as a P-inorganic source with a dose of 150 kg   ha-1. Based on the highest PSI, a total of 15 out of 52 isolated bacteria from 5 vegetations were selected to be tested in vitro and in a greenhouse experiment. Among the assessed bacteria, 3 endophytic bacterial isolates of Ad_R_5, Ah_R_4, and Zm_L_6 showed consistently high performance during successive assessments. Compared to basal treatment, the increases of soil available P, shoot fresh weight, and shoot dry weight by these 3 superior isolates ranged from 51.11-90.29%, 38.27-89.75%, and 57.04-88.73%, while the increases by NPK were 93.53, 113.67 and 107.04%, indicating the isolates had high potential for reducing chemical fertilizer use. The 3 superior isolates were identified as Pantoea dispersa, Ralstonia picketii, and Enterobacter hormaechei, respectively. Further study is needed to investigate the other potential capabilities, such as pesticide degradation and supporting plant resistance to drought stress.
Rice growth and the associated phosphate solubilizing bacteria on an Alfisol treated with insecticide and endophytes inoculum Shofiyah, Laily; Sudadi, Sudadi; Cahyani, Vita Ratri
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125.8481

Abstract

The long-term use of excessive amounts of chemical fertilizers and pesticides adversely affects soil fertility, crop productivity, and biodiversity of soil and endophytes microbes. This study evaluated the ability of endophytic bacteria isolated from rice plants to enhance soil fertility, promote plant growth, and induce rice plant resistance on Alfisols treated with insecticide 10x usage dose (chlorantraniliprole 100 g L-1 and thiamethoxam 200 g L-1), and also assessed the diversity and population density of the associated phosphate solubilizing rhizospheric and endophytic bacteria. Three isolates of Burkholderia sp. YErOI-1 (I1), Bacillus sp. NErOI-2 (I2), Burkholderia sp. PElOI-3 (I3) and a mixture of three isolates (I4) were tested in combination with (P1) and without (P0) insecticide treatments in the pot cultivation of rice Inpari 32 using Alfisols in a completely randomized factorial design with three replications. The results showed that the control (I0P0) demonstrated higher plant growth compared to I0P1, indicated insecticide treatment resulted in toxicity effect. Among all the treatments, I2P0, I2P1, and I1P0 yielded the highest plant growth, whereas the lowest was indicated by I1P1. The rice associated phosphate solubilizing rhizospheric and endophytic bacteria indicated the highest population density and diversity index on the treatments I3P0 and I3P1 which significantly correlated with the highest P concentration and P uptake in these two treatments. Isolate I2 showed the strongest effect in inducing plant growth to insecticide resistance, in contrast isolate I1 showed no support in inducing plant resistance to insecticide. Further study is needed to examine the effect of the present assessed endophytes in other type of pesticide treatments.
Effect of biological agents on chlorpyrifos content in soil and bulbs, soil fertility, and shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) yield Saputri, Agustin Ayu; Rahayu, Rahayu; Widijanto, Hery; Cahyani, Vita Ratri; Rosariastuti, Retno
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125.8735

Abstract

Continuous pesticide application in shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) cultivation can reduce soil chemical and biological fertility, potentially leading to the accumulation of pesticide residues. Sustainable agricultural practices are therefore needed to restore soil fertility and improve shallot yield. This study was conducted as a field experiment using a randomized complete block design with a single-factor treatment, namely the type of biological agent: control (BA0), Atlantibacter hermannii (BA1), Pseudomonas sp. (BA2), Indigenous bacterial consortium (BA3), Eco enzyme (BA4), and Biofilm (BA5) from Mount Lawu's western slopes. Each experimental treatment was repeated five times, resulting in a total of 30 units. Statistical analysis was done using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Duncan multiple range test (DMRT) and Pearson correlation. The parameters observed included chlorpyrifos levels, chemical and biological characteristics, and shallot yield. The results of the study indicate that Atlantibacter hermannii (BA1) reduced soil chlorpyrifos content by 64.62% and increased shallot yield by 41.44%. Eco enzyme (BA4) and biofilm (BA5) were the most effective in lowering chlorpyrifos accumulation in bulbs, with reductions of 42.31% and 38.46%, respectively. Regarding soil fertility, BA1 increased available phosphorus by 30.32%, Pseudomonas sp. (BA2) increased available potassium by 12%, and BA4 increased total nitrogen by 18.18%; however, the improvements from BA2 and BA4 were similar to those from BA1. Overall, Atlantibacter hermannii (BA1) and eco enzyme (BA4) emerged as the most promising biological agents for reducing pesticide residues, enhancing soil fertility, and increasing shallot production, highlighting their potential application in sustainable agriculture.
Co-Authors . Hadiwiyono Azzahra, Nadine Yuki Dedy Prasetyo Devi Puji Rahayu Dwi Priyo Ariyanto Firmansyah, Mohammad Iqbal Fitriana, Faedah Hery Widijanto I Ketut Suada Ongko Cahyono Poromarto, Susilo Hambeg Prasgi, Henokh Christian Rahayu Rahayu Retno Rosariastuti Saputri, Agustin Ayu Shofiyah, Laily Sudadi Sudadi