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Graphene Nanoplatelets (GnP)-PVA Based Passive Saturable Absorber Nabihah Hussin; Mohd Haniff Ibrahim; Fauzan Ahmad; Hafizal Yahaya; Sulaiman Wadi Harun
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 15, No 2: June 2017
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v15i2.6126

A passive Q-switched pulsed laser at 1.5 m region incorporating graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) embedded in Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) is demonstrated. A surfactant is used to aid the dispersion of the GnPs before it is mixed with PVA to develop a GnPs-PVA film based SA. The SA is integrated into the laser cavity by attaching a cut of the GnPs-PVA film in between two fiber ferrule of the laser ring cavity.The proposed GnPs-PVA film based passive Q–switched laser was able to operate as the input pump power was increased from 39 mW up to a maximum of 148 mW before diminishing. The laser obtained operated with a central wavelength of 1530.76 nm. Repetition rates were obtained at 33 kHz to 91.5 kHz, throughout the tunable input pump power with the shortest pulse width of 2.42 s. Maximum attainable peak power and pulse energy of 1.2 mW and 5.9 nJ, respectively, was recorded, accompanied by a signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 28 dB.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles based passive saturable absorber for pulse generation in fiber laser Nurul Alina Afifi Norizan; Fauzan Ahmad; Muhammad Quisar Lokman; Sulaiman Wadi Harun
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 17, No 4: August 2019
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v17i4.12778

A stable passive Q-switched pulsed generation in Erbium doped fiber laser by Zinc Oxide nanoparticles embedded in polyvinyl alcohol (ZnONP-PVA)-based saturable absorber is demonstrated in this paper. The surface morphology and thickness profile of the fabricated film were observed using FESEM and 3D measuring laser microscope with the measured thickness of 12 μm. Meanwhile the its optical properties is characterized using Raman spectroscopy. The developed ZnONP-PVA film, has modulation depth of 7.8% and intensity saturation of 88.97 MW/cm2. The threshold input pump power to generate Q-switched pulse is at 45.4 mW and can be tuned until 92.4 mW before the pulse diminished. The operating wavelength of generated pulse is at 1535 nm with 3 dB bandwidth approximately of 2 nm with exclusion of parasitic continuous wave lasing. As the input pump power was tuned from threshold to maximum value, the recorded pulse train of repetition rate is tunable from 73.53 kHz to 103.10 kHz while the pulse width decreases from 6.8 μs to 4.8 μs. The calculated maximum output power and pulse energy at maximum input pump power was 5.14 mW and 49.85 nJ, respectively. The measured signal to noise ratio was 56 dB indicated that the generated pulse by ZnO NP based passive saturable absorber was stable.

Graphene slurry based passive Q-switcher in erbium doped fiber laser Siti Nur Fatin Zuikafly; Nor Farhah Razak; Rizuan Mohd Rosnan; Sulaiman Wadi Harun; Fauzan Ahmad
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 4: December 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

In this work, a Graphene slurry based passive Q-switcher fabricated from Graphene-Polylactic acid (PLA) filament which is used for 3D printing. To produce the Graphene slurry, the diameter of the filament was reduced and Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was used to dissolve the PLA. The Graphene-THF suspension was drop cast to the end of a fiber ferrule and the THF then evaporated to develop Graphene slurry based SA which is integrated in fiber laser cavity. At threshold input pump power of 30.45 mW, a Q-switched Erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) can be observed with the wavelength centered at 1531.01 nm and this remained stable up to a pump power of 179.5 mW. As the pump power was increased gradually, an increase in the repetition rates was recorded from 42 kHz to 125 kHz, while the pulse width was reduced to 2.58 μs from 6.74 μs. The Q-switched laser yielded a maximum pulse energy and peak power of 11.68 nJ and 4.16 mW, respectively. The proposed Graphene slurry based saturable absorber also produced a signal-to-noise ratio of 44 dB indicating a stable Q-switched pulsed laser.

Graphene slurry based passive Q-switcher in erbium doped fiber laser Siti Nur Fatin Zuikafly; Nor Farhah Razak; Rizuan Mohd Rosnan; Sulaiman Wadi Harun; Fauzan Ahmad
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 4: December 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

In this work, a Graphene slurry based passive Q-switcher fabricated from Graphene-Polylactic acid (PLA) filament which is used for 3D printing. To produce the Graphene slurry, the diameter of the filament was reduced and Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was used to dissolve the PLA. The Graphene-THF suspension was drop cast to the end of a fiber ferrule and the THF then evaporated to develop Graphene slurry based SA which is integrated in fiber laser cavity. At threshold input pump power of 30.45 mW, a Q-switched Erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) can be observed with the wavelength centered at 1531.01 nm and this remained stable up to a pump power of 179.5 mW. As the pump power was increased gradually, an increase in the repetition rates was recorded from 42 kHz to 125 kHz, while the pulse width was reduced to 2.58 μs from 6.74 μs. The Q-switched laser yielded a maximum pulse energy and peak power of 11.68 nJ and 4.16 mW, respectively. The proposed Graphene slurry based saturable absorber also produced a signal-to-noise ratio of 44 dB indicating a stable Q-switched pulsed laser.

Observation of dark and bright pulses in q-switched erbium doped fiber laser using graphene nano-platelets as saturable absorber Nur Hidayah Muhamad Apandi; Siti Nur Fatin Zuikafly; Nabilah Kasim; Mohd Ambri Mohamed; Sulaiman Wadi Harun; Fauzan Ahmad
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 4: December 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

In this paper, a passively Q-switched Erbium doped fiber laser (EDFL) by residing Graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) embedded in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based saturable absorber (SA) is demonstrated. To aid the dispersion of GNPs, a surfactant is used and then it is mixed with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as host polymer to develop GnPs-PVA film based passive SA. The GnPs-PVA based film then integrated in laser cavity in ring cavity configuration for pulse laser generation. The experimental works show that the proposed passive SA operates at input pump power range from 77 mW to 128 mW with a tunable repetition rate from 78.4 kHz to 114.8 kHz and a shortest pulse width of 3.69 µs. The laser produces maximum instantaneous output peak power and pulse energy of 7.3 mW and 30.46 nJ, respectively and accompanied by signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 64 dB.

Sensitivity Approach of Optical Sensors of Cholesterol Detection through Gaussian Beam and Quasi-Gaussian Beam Mohammad Budiyanto; Mohamad Yasin; Sulaiman Wadi Harun
Jurnal Penelitian Fisika dan Aplikasinya (JPFA) Vol. 9 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/jpfa.v9n1.p22-31

Sensitivity is the comparison result between changes in output signal intensity and changes in input signal shift sensor. The purpose of this study was to analyze the sensitivity of fiber optic sensors using mathematical analysis through the Gaussian beam approach and quasi-Gaussian beam compared with the sensitivity of the optical sensor experimental results so that it can find the correct approach of sensitivity values between theory and experiment. The research method used mathematical analysis and experimental methods and mathematical descriptions for the description of the bundle optical fiber used in the experiment until the sensitivity equation is obtained. The results of the mathematical analysis of the Gaussian beam sensitivity values obtained of S = 0.004 mV ppm-1 and the sensitivity of quasi-Gaussian beam of S = 0.08 mV ppm-1. The results of the sensitivity of experimentally obtained S = 0.11 mV ppm-1. Based on the results of mathematical, experimental analysis, and sensor performance, sensitivity through the flat mirror reflection field, it can be concluded that the sensitivity of the optical fiber sensor tends to approach through the quasi-Gaussian beam approach to determine cholesterol concentration.

Graphene slurry based passive Q-switcher in erbium doped fiber laser Siti Nur Fatin Zuikafly; Nor Farhah Razak; Rizuan Mohd Rosnan; Sulaiman Wadi Harun; Fauzan Ahmad
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 4: December 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

In this work, a Graphene slurry based passive Q-switcher fabricated from Graphene-Polylactic acid (PLA) filament which is used for 3D printing. To produce the Graphene slurry, the diameter of the filament was reduced and Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was used to dissolve the PLA. The Graphene-THF suspension was drop cast to the end of a fiber ferrule and the THF then evaporated to develop Graphene slurry based SA which is integrated in fiber laser cavity. At threshold input pump power of 30.45 mW, a Q-switched Erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) can be observed with the wavelength centered at 1531.01 nm and this remained stable up to a pump power of 179.5 mW. As the pump power was increased gradually, an increase in the repetition rates was recorded from 42 kHz to 125 kHz, while the pulse width was reduced to 2.58 μs from 6.74 μs. The Q-switched laser yielded a maximum pulse energy and peak power of 11.68 nJ and 4.16 mW, respectively. The proposed Graphene slurry based saturable absorber also produced a signal-to-noise ratio of 44 dB indicating a stable Q-switched pulsed laser.

Observation of dark and bright pulses in q-switched erbium doped fiber laser using graphene nano-platelets as saturable absorber Nur Hidayah Muhamad Apandi; Siti Nur Fatin Zuikafly; Nabilah Kasim; Mohd Ambri Mohamed; Sulaiman Wadi Harun; Fauzan Ahmad
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 4: December 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

In this paper, a passively Q-switched Erbium doped fiber laser (EDFL) by residing Graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) embedded in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based saturable absorber (SA) is demonstrated. To aid the dispersion of GNPs, a surfactant is used and then it is mixed with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as host polymer to develop GnPs-PVA film based passive SA. The GnPs-PVA based film then integrated in laser cavity in ring cavity configuration for pulse laser generation. The experimental works show that the proposed passive SA operates at input pump power range from 77 mW to 128 mW with a tunable repetition rate from 78.4 kHz to 114.8 kHz and a shortest pulse width of 3.69 µs. The laser produces maximum instantaneous output peak power and pulse energy of 7.3 mW and 30.46 nJ, respectively and accompanied by signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 64 dB.

Dual-Wavelength Thulium Ytterbium Co-Doped Fiber Laser Hazlihan Haris; Ahmad Razif Muhammad; Norazlina Saidin; Mohd Shahnan Zainal Abidin; Hamzah Arof; Mukul Chandra Paul; Sulaiman Wadi Harun
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 8, No 2: November 2017
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i2.pp457-461

We report on the generation of dual-wavelength fiber laser peaking at 1990.64 and 1998.92 nm with a simple ring cavity setup. The lasers are demonstrated using a fabricated silica-based nano-engineered octagonal shaped double-clad Thulium-Ytterbium co-doped fiber (TYDF) as a gain medium in a simple all-fiber ring configuration. By using 980 nm multimode laser, a stable dual-wavelength laser is generated at a threshold pump power of 1500 mW due to the non-polarization rotation (NPR) effect occurred in the cavity. The effect has been self-controlled by a suppression of mode competition in the gain medium. The result shows that the slope efficiency of the generated dual–wavelength laser is measured to be 27.23%. This dual-wavelength TYDF laser operated steadily at room temperature with a 34 dB optical signal-to-noise ratio. Keywords: Dual-wavelength fiber laser, nano-engineered glass, silica-based TYDF, NPR effect.

Aligned vertical growth of zinc oxide nanorods on glass substrates using optimum hydrothermal synthesis technique Mohd Hafiz Jali; Md Ashadi Md Johari; Hazli Rafis Abdul Rahim; Haziezol Helmi Mohd Yusof; Aminah Ahmad; Mohamad Faizal Baharom; Sulaiman Wadi Harun
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 23, No 2: August 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i2.pp694-700

This paper reported an optimized hydrothermal synthesis technique to grow zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods vertically on the normal microscope glass. ZnO nanorods exhibited various advantages such as strong binding energy, non toxicity, large surface to volume ratio and versatility for optical detections. However, the growth of nanorods which aligned vertically on the glass substrates is rather complicated. It required a thorough process based on optimized concentration, growth duration, growth temperature and solvent variations. The morphological structure result has shown an exceptional vertical growth of the nanorods on the glass surfaces which increase the nanorods density. The optimized synthesis technique produced high density ZnO nanorods up to 3 ???? 1013 nanorods/m2 which is double as compared to conventional synthesis technique.

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