Zainal Muktamar
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Daya Gabung Karakteristik Tongkol dari Galur-Galur Inbrida Jagung Manis pada Sistem Budidaya Organik Muhammad Chozin; Sigit Sudjatmiko; Nanik Setyowati; Fahrurrozi ,; Zainal Muktamar
Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Horticulture / Department of Agronomy and Horticulture

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (244.963 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jhi.8.1.48-58

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe availability of varieties having high-yielding potential and good horticultural characteristics under organic environment is prerequisite for successful organic sweet corn production. Objective of this study was to estimate the general and specific combining abilities of ear characteristics in eight sweet corn inbred lines under organic cropping system. Seeds of 64 genotypes generated from a full diallel crossing scheme of the inbred lines were planted on the experimental plots in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Organic managements were practiced during the crop production. Analysis of variance showed highly significant variabilities among the genotypes for ear length, unhusked ear diameter, husked ear diameter, kernel row number, and ear weight. Analyisis of combining ability components revealed that both additive and non-addive gene actions played important roles in the expression of those traits, while reciprocal effect played a minor role in husked ear diameter expression. Based on their general combining abilities, Caps 17A, Caps 17B, and Caps 5 were considered as good combiners for the development high-yielding hybrid varieties under organic cropping system. Caps 2 x Caps 3 was the hybrid with the highest and positive specific combining ability for most of the characters studied.Keywords: general combining ability, hybrid, inbred line, specific combining abilityABSTRAKPenyediaan varietas yang berdaya hasil tinggi dengan karakteristik hortikultura baik pada lingkungan organik menjadi prasyarat bagi keberhasilan produksi jagung manis secara organik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk menduga besarnya daya gabung umum dan daya gabung khusus karakteristik tongkol dari delapan galur inbrida jagung manis pada sistem budidaya organik. Benih dari 64 genotipe yang dihasilkan melalui skema persilangan dialel penuh dari galur-galur inbrida tersebut ditanam pada plot-plot percobaan dalam susunan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap dengan 3 ulangan. Pengelolaan secara organik dilakukan selama proses budidaya tanaman. Analisis ragam menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang sangat nyata antar genotipe untuk panjang tongkol, diameter tongkol berkelobot, diameter tongkol tanpa kelobot, jumlah baris biji per tongkol, dan bobot tongkol. Analisis daya gabung menunjukkan bahwa tindak gen aditif dan non-aditif memiliki peran penting terhadap ekspresi karakter-karakter tersebut, sementara pengaruh resiprokal hanya terlibat pada ekspresi diameter tongkol tanpa kelobot. Berdasarkan nilai daya gabung umumnya, Caps 17A, Caps 17B, dan Caps 5 memiliki potensi sebagai penggabung yang baik untuk pengembangan varietas hibrida berdaya hasil tinggi pada sistem budidaya organik. Caps 2 x Caps 3 merupakan hibrida dengan daya gabung khusus positif tertinggi pada sebagian besar karakter tongkol yang dievaluasi.Kata kunci: daya gabung khusus, daya gabung umum, galur inbrida, hibrida
Penghambatan Perkecambahan Akibat Aplikasi Ekstrak dari Tanaman Utama dan Ratun Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L.) yang Diproduksi di Lahan Rawa Edi Susilo; Nanik Setyowati; Uswatun Nurjannah; Riwandi Riwandi; Zainal Muktamar
Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal 2021: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-9 “Sustainable Urban Farming Guna Meningkatkan
Publisher : Pusat Unggulan Riset Pengembangan Lahan Suboptimal (PUR-PLSO) Universitas Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Susilo E, Setyowati N, Nurjannah U, Riwandi, Muktamar Z. 2021. Inhibition of germination due to application of extracts from main plants and ratoon sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) produced in swamplands. In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-9 Tahun 2021, Palembang  20 Oktober 2021. pp. 426-434.  Palembang: Penerbit & Percetakan Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI).Sorghum is one of the plants that produces allelopathic chemicals with bioherbicide potential. Water extract can be used to suppress weeds around planted plants. The water extract material's source has the potential to be used as a variety of bioherbicides. The goal of the study was to see if water extract of sorghum obtained from the main plant and ratoon growing in swampland with different test plants could hinder germination. A randomized block design was adopted in this investigation. The first factor is the extract's source, which is made up of the primary plant and ratoon. The second component was the test plants, which were Numbu and Suri 3 types. Experiments on Petri dishes used the bioassay method. Each petri dish received 10 mL of aqueous extract, 25 sorghum seeds, and was cultured for five days. The main plant had the largest germination inhibition, as evidenced by normal germination (33.78%), shorter radicle length (5.55 cm), and a higher number of non-growing seeds (47.12%). Furthermore, the Suri 3 variety had the maximum germination inhibition, with normal sprouts (34.65%), radicle length (5.10 cm), sprout wet weight (0.118 g), and radicle dry weight (0.118 g) in the test plant (0.0012 g). low, and seeds did not develop any faster (43.57 percent). These data suggest that the most allelopathic chemicals are produced by sorghum extract taken from the primary plant. Furthermore, the maximum inhibition was achieved using sorghum extract from the Numbu variety in combination with the Suri 3 test plant. As a result, the primary crop has the greatest potential as a bioherbicide source.
Pengaruh Dosis Vermikompos dan Pupuk ZA terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Kacang Panjang (Vigna sinensis L.) Dwita Ulandari; Nanik Setyowati; Sigit Sudjatmiko; Widodo Widodo; Zainal Muktamar
Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal 2021: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-9 “Sustainable Urban Farming Guna Meningkatkan
Publisher : Pusat Unggulan Riset Pengembangan Lahan Suboptimal (PUR-PLSO) Universitas Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Ulandari D, Setyowati N, Sudjatmiko S, Widodo W, Muktamar Z.  2021. Effect of vermicompost and ammonium nitrate dosage on growth and yield of long beans (Vigna sinensis L.) In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-9 Tahun 2021, Palembang 20 Oktober 2021. pp. 514- 523. Palembang: Penerbit & Percetakan Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI). The production of long beans (Vigna sinensis L.) can be increased through intensification or extensification, respectively. Intensification includes soil management activities, selection of superior varieties, pest and disease control, and fertilization. Fertilization is necessary for the improvement of long beans yield. The combination of organic and synthetic is necessary to maintain soil productivity. Such combination is vermicompost and ammonium nitrate fertilizer. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the effect of a combined dose of vermicompost and ammonium nitrate on long bean growth and yield. The study used Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications. The treatments were Vermicompost (V) 15 tons/ha, ZA 50 kg/ha, V 15 tons/ha + ZA 50 kg/ha, (V 15 tons/ha + ZA 100 kg/ha, V 15 tons/ha + ZA 150 kg/ha, V 15 tons/ha + ZA 200 kg/ha, and V 15 tons/ha + ZA 250 kg/ha. The results indicated that applying vermicompost alone or with ZA had no noticeable effect on plant growth and yield. There were no significant differences in plant height, pod length, pod diameter, number of seeds, number of pods, or pod weight between treatments. Long bean productivity is lower than its potential yield due to unfavorable environmental factors.