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All Journal ACTA VETERINARIA INDONESIANA Jurnal Sain Veteriner Jurnal Veteriner WARTAZOA Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology
Sudarwanto, Mirnawati Bachrum
Program Studi Kesehatan Masyarakat Veteriner, Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Hewan Dan Kesehatan Masyarakat Veteriner, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Institut Pertanian Bogor
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Veterinary

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Pola Resistensi Antibiotik pada Escherichia coli Penghasil ESBL dari Sampel Lingkungan di RPH-R Kota Bogor Ratna Normaliska; Mirnawati Bachrum Sudarwanto; Hadri Latif
Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana Vol. 7 No. 2 (2019): Juli 2019
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (17.18 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/avi.7.2.42-48

Abstract

Extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) adalah enzim yang dapat menghidrolisis berbagai jenis antibiotik β-laktam termasuk generasi ketiga sefalosporin spektrum luas dan monobaktam. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat kepekaan dan resistensi Escherichia coli penghasil ESBL terhadap beberapa antibiotik. Isolat Escherichia coli penghasil ESBL (n=10) diisolasi dari total 80 sampel lingkungan di RPH-R Kota Bogor, sebelum proses produksi, menggunakan metode difusi cakram pada media Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) dan interpretasi hasil mengacu pada Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Hasil pengujian resistensi antibiotik menunjukkan isolat resisten terhadap penisilin 100%, amoksisilin 100%, streptomisin 70%, trimetoprim-sulfametoksasol 60%, dan tetrasiklin 30%. Bakteri E. coli penghasil ESBL di lingkungan RPHR Kota Bogor telah mengalami resistensi terhadap antibiotik dan berpotensi menyebarkan gen resisten tersebut ke bakteri lain. Hasil ini dapat menimbulkan risiko pada kesehatan masyarakat, oleh karena itu diperlukan evaluasi dan pengendalian lebih lanjut.
Postmortem Changes in pH, Color, Drip Loss, and Non-Protein Nitrogen in Beef Liver and Lungs During Storage in Refrigerator Denny Lukman; Herwin Pisestyani; Hadri Latif; Etih Sudarnika; Mirnawati Bachrum
Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana Vol. 8 No. 3 (2020): November 2020
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/avi.8.3.56-63

Abstract

Beef offal are consumed by people in some countries specifically in Asia. Beef liver and lungs are favorite food which are used as meat in traditional food. The objective of this study was to determine the postmortem changes in pH, color, drip loss, and non-protein nitrogen (NPN) content in beef liver and lungs during storage in refrigerator (3-4 ºC) until 5 d (120 h) after slaughter. The beef liver and lungs were collected from the abattoir and transported in cool box (<7 ºC) to the laboratory within 3 hours. The samples size of beef liver and lungs were 20 for each observation time. In the laboratory the beef liver and lungs were measured directly for pH value, color (L*, a*, and b*), drip loss, and NPN content at 4 h postmortem (pm) and afterwards every beef liver sample was sliced into 5 pieces of 100-120 g and stored in chiller of 3-4 ºC. The measurement of pH, color (L*, a*, and b* values), drip loss, and NPN content were conducted at 4 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h, and 120 h postmortem. Data were analyzed descriptively and by comparing the 95% confidence interval of mean of each observation. The results showed that pH, color, drip loss, and NPN content in beef lungs were higher than the values in beef liver. The pH of beef liver and lungs declines until 96 h pm and 48 h pm, respectively. The L*, a*, and b* values of beef liver and lungs increased in general during storage. Drip loss and NPN in beef liver and lungs tended to increase significantly during storage. From this study the pH value and NPN can be used to determine the freshness of beef liver and lungs.
The Use of Enrofloxacin Antibiotic as a Veterinary Drug and Its Residual Hazards on Public Health Prima Mei Widiyanti; Mirnawati Bachrum Sudarwanto; Etih Sudarnika; raphaella widiastuti
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 29, No 2 (2019): June 2019
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (208.754 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v29i2.2015

Abstract

The livestock sector can improve the community's economy and has a role in fulfilling food needs, especially animal protein. One of the problems in the livestock sector is the presence of infectious diseases that consequently need treatment using veterinary drugs. This paper describes the use of enrofloxacin antibiotics as veterinary drug and their residual hazards on public health. Enrofloxacin is an antibiotic from the family of fluoroquinolones (second generation of quinolone). Enrofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is effective to kill Gram positive and negative bacteria, so it was used for the treatment of various diseases in animals. Pharmacokinetically, enrofloxacin will be metabolized into ciprofloxacin and other metabolites. The improper use of enrofloxacin antibiotics caused residues in food products of animal origin, microbial resistance and toxicity, therefore the use of enrofloxacin needs to be monitored and evaluated for the sake of animal health and society.
Comparative lactic acid bacteria (LAB) profiles during dadih fermentation with spontaneous and back-slopping methods, as identified by terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) Chandra Utami Wirawati; Mirnawati Bachrum Sudarwanto; Denny Widaya Lukman; Ietje Wientarsih; Eko Agus Srihanto
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 26, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijbiotech.61164

Abstract

The diversity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) present during the manufacture of traditional fermented buffalo milk from West Sumatra, known as dadih, was studied via a culture-independent approach using terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) to compare the dynamic diversity in back-slopping and spontaneous fermentation methods. Total LAB and pH were measured in freshly prepared buffalo milk and in \textit{dadih} fermented for 24 and 48 hours. The results indicated significant differences between the fermentation methods, with higher total LAB, and greater phylotype richness and relative abundance being identified in the back-slopping method. Terminal fragment lengths (TRFs) of 68 and 310 bp were common to both techniques, similar to those of Lactobacillus fermentum, Fructobacillus pseudoficulneus, Leuconostoc citreum, Leuconostoc kimchii, and Leuconostoc sp. The changes in phylotype number (species number) and relative abundances of LAB communities identified are expected to produce data needed to formulate the best fermentation process for dadih manufacturing. A 24-hour back-slopping fermentation method is recommended, as fermentation time of longer than 24 hours reduced viable LAB significantly. Our results also indicated that the T-RFLP technique is not only clearly sensitive enough and adequate for segregating LAB diversity in both fermentation methods, but that it also provides good information regarding the structure of microbial communities and their composition change during the fermentation process.
Tingkat Kejadian Escherichia coli Penghasil Extended Spectrum Β-Lactamase yang Diisolasi dari Feses Broiler di Kota Bogor Cholilia Abadiatul Masruroh; Mirnawati Bachrum Sudarwanto; Hadri Latif
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 34, No 1 (2016): Juni
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (656.787 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jsv.22813

Abstract

The use of antibiotics in food-producing animals may encourage the occurence of bacterial resistance named Escherichia coli that produces Extended Spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL). Antibiotical resistance is an important issue in the animal health and human health. This study focused on the presence of ESBL-producing E.coli in chicken feces. The number of sample feces was 100. E. coli isolates were obtained from broiler chicken feces in Bogor. Isolates obtained were identified using API 20E kit. Confirmation of ESBL in this study used Double disc method using antibiotical disc namely cefpodoksim, ceftazidime and cefotaxime. The existence ofESBL-producing E. coli which isolated from the feces of broiler chickens in the city of Bogor is 25% (4/16).
Resistensi Antibiotik pada Escherichia coli yang Diisolasi dari Daging Ayam pada Pasar Tradisional di Kota Bogor (ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM CHICKEN MEAT OF TRADITIONAL MARKETS IN THE CITY OF BOGOR) Connie Januari; Mirnawati Bachrum Sudarwanto; Trioso Purnawarman
Jurnal Veteriner Vol 20 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University and Published in collaboration with the Indonesia Veterinarian Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (151.682 KB) | DOI: 10.19087/jveteriner.2019.20.1.125

Abstract

Antibiotic use in farm is spread widely to treat of poultry disease including therapy, supportive or preventive use and as afeed additive to improve chicken performance. The negative effects of antibiotic use can increase the level of bacterial resistance to antibiotics. This study aimed to investigate on antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from chicken meat that were sold in Traditional Market of Bogor City. A total of 175 samples of chicken meat were taken by purposive sampling method, out of 175 found 50 positive samples of E. coli. The samples were subjected to E. coli examination and the isolated E. coli were tested for the antibiotic resistance using eight antibiotics, i.e., amoxicillin, cefotaxime, colistin, nalidixid acid, streptomycin, erythromycin, oxytetracillin, and tetracycline. The study was conducted by using the disk diffusion method on Muller-Hinton agar according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. The study showed E. coli isolated from chicken meat were resistance towards amoxicilin (90%), colistin (94%), nalidixid acid (86%), streptomycin (98%), erythromycin (98%), oxytetracillin (84%), tetracycline (86%), and cefotaxime antibiotics (12%). The proportion of multidrugresistant was 99%. The higher of multidrug-resistant indicated the E. coli would be a threat to public and environmental health.
Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Praktik Pemilik Anjing Terhadap Kejadian Rabies di Kabupaten 50 Kota, Sumatera Barat Mardi Fadillah; Etih Sudarnika; Mirnawati Bachrum Sudarwanto
Jurnal Veteriner Vol 22 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University and Published in collaboration with the Indonesia Veterinarian Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (100.04 KB) | DOI: 10.19087/jveteriner.2021.22.2.253

Abstract

Rabies merupakan penyakit hewan menular strategis prioritas di Indonesia karena berdampak terhadap sosial ekonomi dan kesehatan masyarakat. Berdasarkan laporan kejadian rabies di Kabupaten 50 Kota, Sumatera Barat, beberapa kecamatan menunjukkan angka kejadian yang cukup tinggi setiap tahunnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik pemilik anjing terhadap rabies. Sebanyak 96 responden dipilih sebagai sampel yang diambil dari delapan kecamatan dari 13 kecamatan yang ada di Kabupaten 50 Kota. Metode pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner yang telah disusun secara terstruktur dan selanjutnya diolah secara deskriptif dengan analisis korelasi menggunakan Uji Chi-Square dan Korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap pemilik anjing terhadap rabies berada dalam kategori baik (87,5% dan 94,8%). Hal tersebut berbeda dengan praktik pemilik anjing yang berada dalam kategori buruk (63,5%). Hasil analisis lain menunjukkan bahwa ada peubah karakteristik yang memengaruhi praktik pemilik anjing yaitu jumlah dan jenis anjing yang dipelihara. Semakin banyak anjing yang dipelihara maka semakin baik praktik responden. Responden yang memiliki jenis anjing campuran/ras, membuat praktik responden semakin baik. Pengetahuan akan memengaruhi sikap, namun pengetahuan dan sikap tidak berpengaruh terhadap praktik pemilik anjing. Praktik responden mencerminkan kurangnya kegiatan sosialisasi maupun komunikasi, informasi dan edukasi (KIE), diperlukan penekanan program penyuluhan rabies lebih lanjut terhadap pemilik anjing yang berfokus pada tanggung jawab terhadap kepemilikan anjing. Dengan demikian, untuk meningkatkan tingkat praktik responden tidak cukup dengan pengetahuan dan sikap saja, diperlukan regulasi hukum dan sanksi yang jelas serta prosedur operasional baku mengenai pengendalian rabies dari pemerintah yang sangat penting untuk mengurangi infeksi rabies di Kabupaten 50 Kota.
Kualitas Mikrobiologis Daging Ayam yang Dijual di Pasar Kota Dili, Timor Leste Manuel da Costa; Mirnawati Bachrum; Denny Widaya Lukman; Herwin Pisestyani; Etih Sudarnika
Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): Juli 2022
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/avi.10.2.172-181

Abstract

Daging ayam merupakan salah satu produk pangan asal hewan yang banyak dikonsumsi di Timor Leste. Salah satu aspek kualitas daging ayam yang harus diperhatikan adalah kualitas mikrobiologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi umum penjualan daging ayam dan kualitas mikrobiologis daging ayam berdasarkan jumlah hitungan cawan (Total Plate Count/TPC) dan jumlah Enterobacteriaceae pada daging ayam lokal maupun impor yang dijual di Pasar Kota Dili, Timor Leste. Penelitian dilakukan pada 8 pasar dengan sampel sebanyak 150 yang terdiri dari 60 sampel daging ayam lokal dan 90 daging ayam impor. Metode TPC dan jumlah Enterobacteriaceae dilakukan berdasarkan SNI Nomor 2897 Tahun 2008 tentang Metode Pengujian Cemaran Mikroba dalam Daging, Telur dan Susu, serta Hasil Olahannya. Menurut International Commission on Microbiological Specification for Foods (ICMSF) tentang Kriteria Mikrobiologi dalam Pangan jumlah maksimum nilai TPC dan jumlah Enterobacteriaceae setiap bahan makanan masing-masing adalah 7 log cfu/g dan <102 cfu/g (toleransi negara tertentu 102–104 cfu/g). Nilai rata-rata TPC dan jumlah Enterobacteriacea daging ayam yang beredar di Timor Leste berdasarkan penelitian ini masing-masing 4.78 ± 0.90 log cfu/g (3.05 × 105 ± 5.66 × 105 cfu/g) dan 3.34 ± 0.93 log cfu/g (2.86 × 104 ± 9.93 × 104 cfu/g). Kualitas mikrobiologi seluruh jenis daging ayam yang beredar di Timor Leste memenuhi standar yang ditetapkan oleh ICMSF berdasarkan nilai rata-rata TPC. Sementara itu, berdasarkan jumlah Enterobacteriaceae, hanya daging ayam lokal dan daging ayam impor dari Brazil memenuhi standar jumlah Enterobacteriaceae yang ditetapkan oleh ICMSF. Berdasarkan analisis statistik, maka kualitas mikrobiologis daging ayam yang dijual di Pasar Kota Dili, Timor Leste berdasarkan TPC dan jumlah Enterobacteriaceae dapat disimpulkan yang terbaik adalah daging ayam lokal dan daging ayam impor dari Brazil, sedangkan kualitas yang kurang baik adalah daging ayam lokal dan daging ayam impor dari Malaysia, dan impor dari Amerika. Tingginya TPC dan jumlah Enterobacteriaceae pada daging ayam yang dijual mengindikasikan bahwa praktik higiene sanitasi di pasar perlu diperbaiki.
Co-Authors Chandra Utami Wirawati Cholilia Abadiatul Masruroh Connie Januari Denny Lukman Denny Widaya Lukman Eko Agus Srihanto Etih Sudarnika Hadri Latif Herwin Pisestyani IETJE WIENTARSIH Manuel da Costa Mardi Fadillah Prima Mei Widiyanti raphaella widiastuti Ratna Normaliska Trioso Purnawarman widiastuti, raphaella Widiyanti, Prima Mei