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Journal : Agromet

ANALISIS PERILAKU INDEKS KEKERINGAN DI WILAYAH RENTAN KEBAKARAN, SUMATRA SELATANBEHAVIOR ANALYSIS OF DROUGHT INDEX IN FIRE-PRONE REGION OF SOUTH SUMATRA Muh Taufik
Agromet Vol. 24 No. 2 (2010): DECEMBER 2010
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (551.07 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/j.agromet.24.2.9-17

Abstract

Climate dynamics has a vital role in changing upper soil moisture that influences drought period and occurence especially for fire-prone region in South Sumatra Indonesia. Drought occurrence causes abundant dry fuel being available at peat forest ecosystem that might rise of fire risk and danger in the region. Using daily maximum air temperature and rainfall data for period of 1984-2009, we calculated daily Keetch-Byram drought index (KBDI) as an index for assessing fire danger potential. The index was gropued into three categories comprising low, moderate, and high fire danger levels.  Temporally, we found that fire danger level at the study area site are able to be grouped as follows: period of December to April was categorized low, period of July to October as high, and the remaining months as moderate. El Nino event had a severe influence on the severity and the duration of high KBDI that occurred until the end of November which normally a rainy season. Other finding is that there was a significant change (α=5%) on the rise of annual high KBDI frequency and average KBDI for period of 1984-2009, conversely frequency of rainy days decreased significantly. Information about when KBDI level reach high fire danger is of important for forest fire mangament in the region.Climate dynamics has a vital role in changing upper soil moisture that influences drought period and occurence especially for fire-prone region in South Sumatra Indonesia. Drought occurrence causes abundant dry fuel being available at peat forest ecosystem that might rise of fire risk and danger in the region. Using daily maximum air temperature and rainfall data for period of 1984-2009, we calculated daily Keetch-Byram drought index (KBDI) as an index for assessing fire danger potential. The index was gropued into three categories comprising low, moderate, and high fire danger levels.  Temporally, we found that fire danger level at the study area site are able to be grouped as follows: period of December to April was categorized low, period of July to October as high, and the remaining months as moderate. El Nino event had a severe influence on the severity and the duration of high KBDI that occurred until the end of November which normally a rainy season. Other finding is that there was a significant change (α=5%) on the rise of annual high KBDI frequency and average KBDI for period of 1984-2009, conversely frequency of rainy days decreased significantly. Information about when KBDI level reach high fire danger is of important for forest fire mangament in the region.
ANALISIS INDEKS BAHAYA KEBAKARAN HUTAN UNTUK WILAYAH RIAU, INDONESIAANALYSIS OF FOREST FIRE DANGER INDEX FOR RIAU REGION, INDONESIA Muh Taufik; Wisnu Narendratomo
Agromet Vol. 25 No. 1 (2011): JUNE 2011
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/j.agromet.25.1.37-43

Abstract

Forest fire is one of the greatest environmental problems faced by Indonesia particularly in Riau region. It may be anticipated by developing early warning system to assess forest fire danger. In this paper, the assessment of forest fire danger was conducted by using the Keetch Byram Drought Index (KBDI) model. This Paper presents our research in Riau region that aimed to study the behavior of the model and to modify the model to satisfy local climate condition of Riau region. The model was applied for climate data in four selected weather station i.e Pekanbaru, Japura Rengat, Dabo Singkep and Tanjung Pinang for the period of 1989-2008. We classified fire danger level into four categories including low, moderate, high, and extreme. We found that temporal distribution of the danger level varies among stations and reached extreme fire danger level during September-October. Our modification to the model obtained new drought factor formula having lower value than the original drought factor of the model. It resulted in lower modified KBDI (mKBDI) than the original KBDI values.Forest fire is one of the greatest environmental problems faced by Indonesia particularly in Riau region. It may be anticipated by developing early warning system to assess forest fire danger. In this paper, the assessment of forest fire danger was conducted by using the Keetch Byram Drought Index (KBDI) model. This Paper presents our research in Riau region that aimed to study the behavior of the model and to modify the model to satisfy local climate condition of Riau region. The model was applied for climate data in four selected weather station i.e Pekanbaru, Japura Rengat, Dabo Singkep and Tanjung Pinang for the period of 1989-2008. We classified fire danger level into four categories including low, moderate, high, and extreme. We found that temporal distribution of the danger level varies among stations and reached extreme fire danger level during September-October. Our modification to the model obtained new drought factor formula having lower value than the original drought factor of the model. It resulted in lower modified KBDI (mKBDI) than the original KBDI values.
Long-term Monthly Discharge Prediction for Cimanuk Watershed Marliana Tri Widyastuti; Muh Taufik
Agromet Vol. 33 No. 2 (2019): DECEMBER 2019
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (387.296 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/j.agromet.33.2.96-104

Abstract

Although streamflow data is important for water resource planning, it’s long-term availability for Indonesian rivers is limited. One factor could be identified for example lack of observation. Here, we presented observation-based modeling to predict long-term discharge data for Cimanuk watershed in Indonesia. The watershed is categorized as one of the critical watersheds, meanwhile it supports to more than one million people. A well-known hydrological model called Soil and Water Assessment Tools (SWAT) was used to predict monthly discharge. The model was fed with monthly climate data, topography, land use and soil characteristics. We calibrated the model with the observed data from 1974 to 1994 (20 years). Our results showed that the model was a good performance in estimating monthly discharge as indicated by three statistical metrics used. Based on statistical evaluation, the calibration resulted a low percent bias (3.20%), strong correlation (0.73), and high Kling-Gupta Efficiency (0.78). Further, we did a sensitivity analysis for the model, and we found that hydrological response unit was the most influential parameters for the Cimanuk watershed. A long-term discharge data indicated a monsoonal pattern for this watershed.
The Use of Dam Environmental Vulnerability Index (DEVI) for Assessing Vulnerability of Bengawan Solo Watershed, Indonesia RR Mashita Fauzia Hannum; I Putu Santikayasa; Muh. Taufik
Agromet Vol. 34 No. 2 (2020): DECEMBER 2020
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/j.agromet.34.2.110-120

Abstract

Bengawan Solo is the longest river in Java, but current conditions show that its watershed is in a critical condition. Deforestation was very intensive in the last three decades that contributed to degradation of the watershed. Other factor contributing to the degradation is dam construction. However, our knowledge on the impact of dam construction on the environment and its vulnerability is poorly understood. Here, we assessed vulnerability of the watershed based on physical properties such as existing dams, morpho-dynamic activities, and deforested area. The study aims to identify the vulnerability of the Bengawan Solo watershed based on dam environmental vulnerability index (DEVI) approach, and to analyse the dominant variable contributing to DEVI. For calculating DEVI, several data were needed including land cover, rainfall, stream water stage, soil type, stream network, and dams. The results showed that Bengawan Solo watershed had moderate to high vulnerability (60%). Moderate level was identified for Madiun and Wonogiri sub-watershed, while high level was in Cepu and Babat sub-watershed. Our findings revealed that morpho-dynamic activities as represented by sediment rate and stream water stage had contributed to the high DEVI value as in Cepu and Babat sub-watershed. Further, influence of dams in this research was not dominant implying that any improvement to the DEVI approach remains research challenges. The improvement of the approach is expected to better identify the impact of dam construction on environment, situated in other regions than Amazon, where it was firstly developed.
Non-linear Routing Scheme at Grid Cell Level for Large Scale Hydrologic Models: A Review Hidayat Pawitan; Muh Taufik
Agromet Vol. 35 No. 2 (2021): DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/j.agromet.35.2.60-72

Abstract

New tools and concepts in the form of mathematical models, remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS), communication and telemetering have been developed for the complex hydrologic systems that permit a different analysis of processes and allow watershed to be considered as an integrated planning and management unit. Hydrological characteristics can be generated through spatial analysis, and ready for input into a distributed hydrologic models to define adequately the hydrological response of a watershed that can be related back to the specific environmental, climatic, and geomorphic conditions. In the present paper, some recent development in hydrologic modeling will be reviewed with recognition of the role of horizontal routing scheme in large scale hydrologic modeling. Among others, these developments indicated the needs of alternative horizontal routing models at grid scale level that can be coupled to land surface parameterization schemes that presently still employed the linear routing model. Non-linear routing scheme will be presented and discussed in this paper as possible extension.
The Use of Weather Research and Forecasting Model to Predict Rainfall in Tropical Peatland: 1. Model Parameterization Alfi Rizky Sanusi; Muh Taufik; I Putu Santikayasa
Agromet Vol. 35 No. 1 (2021): JUNE 2021
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/j.agromet.35.1.49-59

Abstract

Rainfall dynamics play a vital role in tropical peatland by providing sufficient water to keep peat moist throughout the year. Therefore, information of rainfall data either historical or forecasting data has risen in recent decades especially for an alert system of fire. Here the Weather and Research Forecasting (WRF) model may act as a tool to provide forecasting weather data. This study aims to do parameterization on WRF parameters for peatland in Sumatra, and to perform bias correction on the WRF’s rainfall output with observed data. We performed stepwise calibration to choose the best five physical schemes of WRF for use in the study area. The output WRF’s rainfall was bias corrected by spatially observed rainfall data for 2019 at day resolution. Our results showed the following schemes namely (i) Eta scheme for cloud microphysical parameters; (ii) GD scheme for cumulus cloud parameters, (iii) MYJ scheme for planetary boundary layer parameters; (iv) RRTM for longwave radiation; and (v) New Goddard schemes for shortwave radiation are best combination for being used to predict rainfall in maritime continent. The spatially interpolated observed rainfall with the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) was outperformed for calibration process of WRF’s rainfall as shown by statistical indicators used in this study. Further, the findings have contributed to advance knowledge of rainfall forecasting in maritime continent, particularly in providing data to support the development of fire danger rating system for Indonesian peatland.
Drought Events in Western Part of Timor Island Indonesia Flegor Hermes Sabuna; Rini Hidayati; I Putu Santikayasa; Muh Taufik
Agromet Vol. 36 No. 1 (2022): JUNE 2022
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/j.agromet.36.1.11-20

Abstract

Drought is a below-averaged condition of water availability, which has detrimental impacts on many sectors. Many studies have been performed on drought analysis in Indonesia, yet knowledge about drought in western Timor is still limited. This research carried out a historical meteorological drought analysis based on a 3-month Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) using global climate data for 1989-2018. The index value was then categorized into three groups: moderate, severe, and extreme. We assessed: (i) the influence of El Niño phenomena to drought events, (ii) drought class frequency, and (iii) drought trend. Based on historical data, western Timor had a monsoonal pattern with dominant dry period, which occurred in April to November. The results showed that the drought events were mostly influenced by El Niño. Seasonally, El Niño not only increased the drought frequency in July-August (JJA) season, but also in other seasons. In El Niño year of 2015, drought covered most parts of study area during September-November (SON) season, especially in the western part. Dry conditions increased in June, reached maximum in September-November, and decreased in December. Other findings show that an extreme drought consistently had a downtrend, while the moderate drought had upward trends. Spatiotemporal drought analysis using SPI and SPEI showed similar patterns, SPEI detected a higher frequency of drought classes compared to SPI. This study suggests that knowledge on drought-related El Niño will benefit on drought mitigation action in the future.
Fire Danger on Jambi Peatland Indonesia based on Weather Research and Forecasting Model Lisnawati; Muh Taufik; Bambang Dwi Dasanto; Ardhasena Sopaheluwakan
Agromet Vol. 36 No. 1 (2022): JUNE 2022
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/j.agromet.36.1.1-10

Abstract

Monitoring drought related to peat fire danger is becoming essentials due to the adverse impacts of peat fires. However, the current monitoring is mostly based on station data and has not yet covered all parts of peatlands. This research was carried out to initiate a spatial monitoring for peat fire, particularly in Jambi province. Our approach was simple by integrating Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) output with a drought-fire model. This research aims to: (i) calibrate rainfall, air temperature and soil moisture data from WRF output; and (ii) analyze temporal drought related to fire danger. A drought-fire model known as Peat Fire Vulnerability Index was applied with daily inputs of WRF output at 5km resolution, which were comprised of rainfall, air temperature, and soil moisture. The results showed that calibration reduced rainfall magnitude, and slightly increased the maximum air temperature and soil moisture. The calibration performance was good as shown by a very low percent bias (less than ±5%), and lower error (RMSE=16.5; MAE=9.5). Our analysis showed that drought triggered by El Niño in 2015 had escalated extreme fire danger class by 38% compared to normal year (2018). This has been confirmed by a low variation of proportion of extreme class during July-August 2015. The results suggested that integrating spatial global climate data will benefit to the improved drought-fire model by providing spatial data. The results are expected to be a reference on drought and peat fires mitigation action.
Baseflow Index Analysis for Bengawan Solo River, Indonesia Muh Taufik; Siti Annisa'
Agromet Vol. 36 No. 2 (2022): DECEMBER 2022
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/j.agromet.36.2.70-78

Abstract

Hydrological investigation for major Java rivers remains research challenge todays, particularly in identification of runoff characteristics situated in monsoonal climate. This study aims to investigate the value of baseflow index for Bengawan Solo river. We employed daily streamflow data for period 1980-2010 to derive baseflow index (BFI) based on the smoothed minima. We utilized different approaches comprising the non-overlapping 3 days (BFI3), 5 days (BFI5), and 7 days (BFI7) of streamflow to compute the index. We found the average BFI3, BFI5, and BFI7 for this study period are 0.67, 0.56, and 0.49, respectively. It revealed that higher number of non-overlapping days would produce lower BFI, which could be an indication of less baseflow contribution to total streamflow. Additionally, our findings show there is an increasing trend of BFI in the last decade that may be associated with decreasing forest cover in the catchment area. Furthermore, the BFI value will provide a valuable information for key leader in water sector in particular during dry season, and further research is needed to integrate this BFI into sustainable water management index.