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All Journal Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam Buletin Plasma Nutfah Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea
Wanda Kuswanda
Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Aek Nauli
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Journal : Buletin Plasma Nutfah

 1 
Characteristic and Diversity Vegetation of Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park as Dietary Sources for Reintroduced Sumatran Orang Utan (Pongo abelii Lesson) Wanda Kuswanda; Sriyanti P. Barus
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 25, No 1 (2019): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v25n1.2019.p63-76

Abstract

The population of Sumatran orang utan in natural habitat has been declined and threatened with extinction. The orang utanreintroduction program is expected to increase breeding and population in nature. This study aimed to analyze the important value index of vegetation as well as the diversity and abundance species of Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park (BTNP) as dietary sources for reintroduced Sumatran orang utan. The research was conducted during two years from 2015 to 2016. The data collection for flora characteristics is done through the vegetation analysis with strip transects method. Plots were selected by stratification method based on the resort management and the land cover, like primary and secondary forests. Total flora species on a plot of 2.8 ha were identified about 301 species. The highest variation found in Suo-Suo Resort (139 species) and the lowest in Talang Lakat  Resort (82 species). The dominant species have been found were Eugenia grandiflora O. Berg, Macaranga lowii King ex Hook.f., Shore iliginosa Foxw., and Tarrietia rubiginosa Kostern. Vegetation chararacteristic to be identified were tree density of 350-552.5 individuals/ha, species diversity index of 2.86-4.19, and abundance index of 32.1087.35. It also identified that vegetation characteristic among resort and land cover were different (p <0.05). Moreover, there were about 110 species of tree plants including of 31 families that found as dietary sources for orang utan and leaves became the highest plant parts which consumed by orang utans (41.8%) compared to other parts. Based on area size, ecosystem types as well as vegetation composition and variation, BTNP may support the increasing population of orang utans. However, there needs to be considered that other aspects such as high human activity within the conservation area, particularly by Talang Mamak tribe communities, may cause unsuccessful achievement on reintroduction program of orang utan.
Daya Dukung dan Pertumbuhan Populasi Siamang (Hylobates syndactylus Raffles, 1821) di Cagar Alam Dolok Sipirok, Sumatera Utara Wanda Kuswanda; R. Garsetiasih
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 22, No 1 (2016): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v22n1.2016.p67-80

Abstract

Kawasan Cagar Alam (CA) Dolok Sipirok merupakan habitat yang diperkirakan masih mampu mendukung pertumbuhan populasi siamang (Hylobates syndactylus). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang daya dukung habitat dan model pertumbuhan populasi siamang di CA. Dolok Sipirok, Sumatera Utara.  Penelitian dilaksanakan pada hutan primer dan sekunder, mulai dari bulan Maret sampai November 2012. Pengumpulan data produktivitas pakan menggunakan penampung serasah (litter trap) sebanyak 30 buah, pengamatan buah secara search sampling pada plot seluas 6 ha dan telaah literatur untuk data pertumbuhan populasi.  Analisis data menggunakan persamaan pendugaan produktivitas,  regresi linier, persamaan daya dukung habitat, dan model pertumbuhan logistik.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa rata-rata produktivitas daun di hutan sekunder dan hutan primer berdasarkan hasil pengukuran adalah sebesar  10,4 kg/ha/hari (BB) atau 6,3 kg/ha/hari (BK).  Nilai produktivitas buah (mempertimbangkan musim berbuah) rata-rata berkisar antara  6,9 kg/ha per hari (BB) dan rata-rata sebesar  3,2 kg/ha per hari  (BK).  Nilai dugaan daya dukung antara 579 – 2.249 individu sehingga kondisinya saat ini belum termanfaat secara optimal oleh siamang. Populasi siamang akan mencapai kondisi stabil pada 200 tahun apabila tidak ada perubahan habitat secara drastis di sekitar Kawasan CA. Dolok Sipirok.
Co-Authors Abdullah Syarief Mukhtar Abdullah Syarief Mukhtar R. Garsetiasih Sriyanti P. Barus Sriyanti Puspita Barus Sugiarti Sugiarti