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All Journal Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Universa Medicina
Mochammad Dalhar
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Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Artesunate-tinospora combination treatment decreases nuclear factor kappa-B and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in mouse malarial models Izzati, Nur; Fitri, Loeki Enggar; Dalhar, Mochammad
Universa Medicina Vol 35, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2016.v35.222-228

Abstract

BackgroundCerebral malaria is a severe form of malaria caused by brain ischemia. Artesunate, an artemisinin derivative, is the standard WHO therapy for severe malaria. Tinospora crispa (brotowali) is a traditional plant with antiinflammatory, antioxidant and antiparasitic properties. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of combinations of artesunate and T. crispa extract on nuclear factor kappa-B (NFêB) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression in the brain of mouse malaria models.MethodsThis was an experimental post-test only control group study using C57BL/6J mice infected with Plasmodium berghei, divided into 7 groups: negative control, positive control, group receiving artesunate 32 mg/kgBW, group receiving tinospora extract 3.5 mg/kgBW, and three groups receiving combinations of artesunate 32 mg/kgBW and tinospora extract 2.5 mg/kgBW, 3 mg/kgBW and 3.5 mg/BW, respectively. The expression of NFêB and ICAM-1 was measured by immunohistochemistry. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data.ResultsNFkB and ICAM-1 expression increased significantly in the positive controls compared to all other groups (p=0.000). NFkB expression was significantly lower in the groups receiving artesunate and tinospora at 3 mg/kgBW and 3.5 mg/kgBW, as compared with the artesunate only group (p=0.003; p=0.005) and the tinospora extract only group (p=0.001; p=0.003). NFkB expression in all combination treatment groups was similar to that in the negative controls (p>0.05), whereas ICAM-1 expression did not differ between single and combination treatment groups (p>0.05). ConclusionThe combination of artesunate and T. crispa extract is better in decreasing NFêB and ICAM-1 expression in the brain of mouse malaria models.
Catechins decrease neurological severity score through apoptosis and neurotropic factor pathway in rat traumatic brain injury Ratnawati, Retty; Arofah, Annisa Nurul; Novitasari, Anastasia; Utami, Sartika Dewi; Hariningsih, Made Ayu; Rahayu, Masruroh; Rianawati, Sri Budhi; Purnomo, Hari; Dalhar, Mochammad
Universa Medicina Vol 36, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2017.v36.110-122

Abstract

BACKGROUNDCatechins inhibits apoptosis through anti oxidant and anti inflamation pathway. Catechins also increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). There was a few research that explained the role of catechins in traumatic brain injury (TBI). The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of catechins administration on neurologic severity score (NSS) through apoptosis and neurotropic pathway in traumatic brain injury rat model.METHODSA post test only controlled group design was performed using traumatic brain injury rat (Rattus novergicus) model through weight drop models. It was devided into negative control group, positive control group, TBI+catechins 513 mg/kgBW, TBI+catechins 926 mg/kgBW, TBI+catechins 1113 mg/kgBW. NSS was measured in the first hours, day three, and day seven. The expressions of NFkB, TNFa, Bcl-2, Bax, caspase 3, caspase 8, BDNF, and the numbers of apoptosis cells were evaluated by imunohistochemystry method. One way Anova and Kruskal Wwallis were used to analyse the data.Results TNFa, caspase 8, number of apoptosis cells were significantly decreased on the seventh day administration compared to the third day administration (p<0.05). Catechins increased the expression of Bcl-2/Bax and BDNF significantly (p<0.05). Yet, there were no significant differences between expression of caspase 3, NSS, Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and BDNF toward third days administration of catechins compared with seven days administration (p>0.050).ConclusionsAdministration of catechins decreased NSS through inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis, as well as induced the neurotrophic factors in rat brain injury. Catechins may serve as a potential intervention for TBI.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Propolis terhadap Ekspresi Bcl2 dan Apoptosis pada Sel Otak Tikus Model Cedera Otak Traumatik Husna, Ully; Sujuti, Hidayat; Dalhar, Mochammad
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol 29, No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2017.029.03.3

Abstract

Ekstrak propolis mempunyai efek neuroprotektan melalui berbagai macam cara kerja salah satunya sebagai antioksidan karena bahan kandungan utamanya adalah flavonoid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efek ekstrak propolis berbagai dosis dalam meningkatkan ekspresi Bcl-2 dan menurunkan apoptosis sel otak tikus model cedera otak traumatik. Tikus dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok, yaitu: kelompok normal, kelompok yang diberi perlakuan cedera otak traumatis, kelompok yang diberi perlakuan cedera otak traumatis dan ekstrak propolis masing-masing dosis 50mg/kgBB, 100mg/kgBB, dan 200mg/kgBB. Setiap kelompok diambil otaknya untuk diperiksa ekspresi Bcl-2 dan apoptosis sel otak pada hari ke-7. Berdasarkan hasil analisa statistik, didapatkan hubungan signifikan antara ekspresi Bcl-2 dan apoptosis sel otak tikus model cedera otak traumatik dengan berbagai dosis ekstrak propolis (p<0,05). Dosis 200mg/kgbb merupakan dosis yang paling efektif dalam meningkatkan ekspresi Bcl2 otak tikus dan menurunkan apoptosis sel otak tikus. Penelitian ini telah membuktikan bahwa ekstrak propolis dapat meningkatkan ekspresi Bcl-2 dan menurunkan apoptosis sel otak tikus model cedera otak traumatik.Kata Kunci: Apoptosis sel, cedera otak traumatik, ekspresi Bcl-2, ekstrak propolis
Kombinasi Artemisinin dan Ekstrak Moringa oleifera Menurunkan Ekspresi NF-κB namun Tidak Menurunkan Ekspresi iNOS pada Otak Mencit Diinfeksi Malaria Harahap, Herpan Syafii; Dalhar, Mochammad; H, Tinny Endang Endang; Norahmawati, Eviana; Fitri, Loeki Enggar
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol 28, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (973.904 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2015.028.03.6

Abstract

Malaria otak merupakan manifestasi tersering dari infeksi malaria berat yang ditandai dengan respon inflamasi berlebih di otak. Untuk mencegah terjadinya resistensi, penggunaan obat antimalaria standar (artemisinin) harus dikombinasikan dengan obat antimalaria lain. Moringa oleifera, yang secara in vitro memiliki aktivitas antimalaria dan anti-inflamasi, merupakan kandidat obat untuk dikombinasikan dengan artemisinin. Penelitian dilakukan untuk menguji pengaruh kombinasi artemisinin dan ekstrak Moringa oleifera terhadap ekspresi NF-kB dan iNOS pada otak mencit model malaria. Penelitian eksperimental laboratorik ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan 36 ekor mencit Balb/C yang diinfeksi Plasmodium berghei ANKA sebagai model malaria. Sampel dibagi menjadi enam kelompok, masing-masing satu kelompok kontrol positif, kontrol negatif, pemberian artemisinin 0,12mg/hari (C0), dan tiga kelompok yang masing-masing mendapatkan kombinasi artemisinin 0,12mg/hari dan ekstrak daun kelor 3,75mg/hari (C1), 7,5mg/hari (C2) dan 15mg/hari (C3). Pengobatan diberikan setelah mencit mencapai derajat parasitemia 1-5% pasca inokulasi parasit secara intraperitoneal. Ekspresi NF-kB dan iNOS otak mencit diamati dengan metode imunohistokimia pada hari ke-3 dan ke-7 pasca infeksi. Pemberian kombinasi artemisinin 0,12mg/hari dan ekstrak Moringa oleifera 3,75mg/hari, 7,5mg/hari, dan 15 mg/hari, menyebabkan penurunan ekspresi NF-kB dan iNOS yang bermakna dibandingkan dengan kontrol positif (p<0,05). Perlakuan tersebut tidak menyebabkan penurunan ekspresi iNOS yang bermakna dibandingkan pemberian artemisinin 0,12mg/hari saja (p>0,05). Kombinasi ekstrak Moringa oleifera dengan artemisinin memberikan efek sinergis dalam penurunan derajat parasitemia dan ekspresi NF-kB, tetapi tidak untuk ekspresi iNOS di otak mencit yang diinfeksi malaria.Kata Kunci: Artemisinin, iNOS, malaria otak, Moringa oleifera, NF-kB
Co-Authors Anak Agung Gede Sugianthara Anastasia Novitasari, Anastasia Annisa Nurul Arofah Eviana Norahmawati HARI PURNOMO Herpan Syafii Harahap Hidayat Sujuti Husna, Ully Loeki Enggar Fitri Made Ayu Hariningsih, Made Ayu Masruroh Rahayu, Masruroh Retty Ratnawati Sartika Dewi Utami, Sartika Dewi Sri Budhi Rianawati, Sri Budhi Tinny Endang Endang H